Population Lecture Genetics

Question 1

If some conditions are met (random mating, no mutations, no genetic drift) the
frequency of alleles are expected to follow

Answer 1

Hardy-Weinberg

Question 2

f one knows the frequency of the ____ phenotype then the frequency
of both alleles can be estimated

Answer 2

Recessive

Question 3

3 Types of selections when looking at population

Answer 3

Sabalizing, Directional, Disruptive

Question 4

Selection against the extremes

Answer 4

Satablizing

Question 5

selection against one extreme or the other

Answer 5

Directional

Question 6

Selection against the mean

Answer 6

Distruptive

Question 6

Traits not under selection can undergo a change in frequency due to
random chance This is called?

Answer 6

Genetic Drift

Question 6

Genetic drift can be influence by 2 things _____ and _____

Answer 6

Founder effect and bottle neck effect

Question 7

Genetic Drift has the most influence with _____ populations

Answer 7

Small

Question 7

Genetic drift in small populations increase______

Answer 7

inbeeding

Question 8

the genome of the individuals that found the population may be “radically”
different from the larger population

Answer 8

Founder effect

Question 9

This reduces genetic diversity of future generations because many alleles
are lost in the ____ and can lead to rapid speciations in isolated populations

Answer 9

Bottle neck

Question 10

the idea that the genome of individuals can be traced back
to a common ancestor, the first of the population or species to carry that form of
the gene (mitochondrial Eve)

Answer 10

Coalesecent Theory

Question 11

Three general distribution types amongst populations

Answer 11

Uniform, Random, Clumped

Question 12

___distributions are characteristic of territorial species
or large canopy trees

Answer 12

Uniform

Question 13

___the area that an individual moves through during its regular
activities, may or may not be defended from other individuals

Answer 13

Home Range

Question 14

______area that is defended by an individual from other individuals of the
same sex or species

Answer 14

Territory

Question 15

Why are some species more territorial?

Answer 15

Limits on resources, clumped

Question 16

______is expected when the limiting resource is not clumped
or defendable and there is little to no aggression among individual

Answer 16

Random

Question 17

An example could be rodents in a pasture, limiting resource may be food, but
it is widely and evenly distributed

Answer 17

Example of random distribution

Question 18

_______expected when resource also is highly clumped
Resource not easily defendable may be aggression among individuals, but
not enough to cause territoriality

Answer 18

Clumped distribution

Question 19

Two types of dispersal of animas which are

Answer 19

Natal and Breeding dispersal

Question 20

movement of young away from its birth population

Answer 20

Natal dispersal

Question 21

movement of breeding adults to new populations for purpose
of mating

Answer 21

Breeding

Question 22

If multiple populations are linked by dispersal they are considered to be a

Answer 22

Metapopulation

Question 23

Factors that affect connectivity between populations are .???

Answer 23

Distance, Size of patch, Suitability of the matrix

Question 24

___the closer two populations are the more flow there will be between populations

Answer 24

Distance

Question 25

_____Larger patches will have higher connectivity, especially true if patches are far apart

Answer 25

Size of patch

Question 26

_____he habitat in between patches (or populations

Answer 26

Matrix

Question 27

If the matrix is a ________ habitat then movement will be high (may be individuals that live in the matrix) If the matrix is ______ mixing will be low

Answer 27

Marginal, Harsh

Question 28

_____patches that produce an excess of offspring does not necessarily mean growing population rather that in situ reproduction exceeds mortality

Answer 28

Source Habitats

Question 29

_____patches that do not produce enough off spring to maintain the population would go extinct if immigrants did not move into the population

Answer 29

Sink Habitats

Question 30

We would expect to observe a clumped distribution when A)resources are distributed evenly across the landscape B) a species is highly territorial C) resources are scattered in isolated areas D)there are no limiting resources

Answer 30

C

Question 31

Sink habitats are valuable because A)they increase total population size B)they increase genetic diversity C) they provide a “rescue” habitat D) all of the above

Answer 31

D

Question 32

Patches within a metapopulation will be most highly connected when they are A)close together B)relatively small C)connected by very poor habitat D)all of the above

Answer 32

A

Question 33

Small populations are particularly sensitive to A)genetic drift B) inbreeding C) genetic bottlenecks D)all of the above

Answer 33

D

Question 34

Selection against the mean the results in a bimodal allele distribution A) directional selection B)disruptive selection C) stabilizing selection D)destabilizing selection

Answer 34

B

Question 35

Change in allele frequency that is not due to selection A)Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium B)genetic bottleneck C) artifical selection D) genetic drift

Answer 35

D