Population Management - Population And Settlement

Question 1

• county
• policy
• when was it introduced and by whom
• reasons for policy (2)
• current status

Answer 1

• China
• One Child Policy
• introduced in 1979 by Deng Xiao Ping
• combat rapid population growth of 1.9%
• government feared another famine like the one in the 1960s
• abolished October 2015

Question 2

• rules of the policy (3)
• incentives (3)
• punishments (2)

Answer 2

• ask bosses’ permission
• be over 24 to marry
• sign an agreement to only have one child
• better pension
• priority housing
• free healthcare and education for child
• pay back benefits for first child
• pay large fine (government have collected $206 billion in fines since 1980)

Question 3

Benefits (3)

Answer 3

• 400 million fewer people were born
• fertility rate fell from 2.9 in 1979 to 1.7 in 2013
• China improved public services

Question 4

Problems (4)

Answer 4

• female infanticide (90% of abortions were girls) lead to a gender imbalance of 33 million
• ‘little emperor syndrome’
• ageing population (by 2050 a quarter of China’s population will be over 65)
• ethically wrong (13 provinces carry out ‘remedial measures’ to deal with unauthorised pregnancies eg. forced abortions)