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WINDOWS: SYSTEM ADMIN > PORTS > Flashcards

PORTS Flashcards

1
Q

What is a FRU?

A

FRU (Field Replaceable Unit): -It is a computer hardware component that can easily be replaced in the field by a technician

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2
Q

How do you Differentiate different ports?

A

a. VGA – 15 pin piort
b. Serial Port – 9 pin port
c. Parallel Port – 25 or 36 pin port

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3
Q

Which one is Faster? eSATA or USB V3

A

eSATA Access Speed: 6gbps ✔

USB v3 Access Speed: 5gbps

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4
Q

What is the Difference between Task Manager and Device Manager:

A

Task Manager – manages and stores system processes

Device Manager: - manages and stores system hardware devices

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5
Q

Where can you find a list of system hardware devices?

A

Device manager Right click start bar/ Device Manager

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6
Q

How many volts of electricity can you get from a USB port?

A

5 Volts

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7
Q

How do you tell if it is a Megabyte NIC or a Gigabyte NIC?

A

Right click Start bar/Device Manager/Network adapters/click arrow

Adapter will have a GBE in name or FE

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8
Q

What is the maximum speed of Ethernet?

A

10 gbps

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9
Q

What is the maximum range of ethernet cables?

A

100m (328 ft)

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10
Q

What is the difference between HDMI and DVI-D?

A

HDMI – Transmits audio and visual signals

DVI – Transmits only video

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11
Q

Describe a Firewire Port or IEEE 1394

A

A Firewire Port or IEEE 1394 Port is used for high speed data transfer

2 Types of Firewire Ports

Firewire 400:

h. 4pin or 6pin port
i. Access Speed: 400mbps

FireWire 800:

j. 9pin port
k. Access Speed: 800mbps

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12
Q

Describe Thunderbolt Port

A
  1. It is used for high speed data transfer
  2. Access Speed: 20gbps
  3. 1st introduced by Apple
  4. Adaper Thunderbolt to USB-C
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13
Q

Describe a Parallel Port

A

A Parallel Port is a 25 or 36 pin connector port used to connect printers to the system (does not transmit data)

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14
Q

Describe a Serial Port

A
  1. A Serial Port is a 9 pin port used to connect peripheral devices to the system such as serial mouse and keyboard, modems (primitive router used to transmit data over phone lines.
  2. Access Speed: 56kbps)
  3. It is now obsolete.
  4. Has been replaced by USB, VGA or Ethernet Ports
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15
Q

Describe a PS2 Port

A

A PS2 Port (Peripheral Serial Port version 2)

  1. It is used to connect a PS2 keyboard and a PS2 mouse to the system
  2. Purple – Keyboard
  3. Green – Mouse

CON:
4. ARE NOT PLUG AND PLAY PORTS: - If you disconnect any PS2 ports, they become inactive and you have to reboot the system in order to reactivate them

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16
Q

NAME THE 2 TYPES OF MEMORY

A
  1. ROM (Read Only Memory)
    AKA: a)BIOS (Basic Input Output System) b) CMOS (Complimentary Metallic Oxide Semiconductor) – Power up ROM c) NVRAM (Non-Volatile RAM)

2)RAM (Random Access Memory)

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17
Q

Describe an eSATA Port

A

An eSATA (External SATA) port is a high speed data transfer port

a. Does not come with power
b. Has signal connection without power
c. Used for external storage devices
d. Access Speed: 6gbps

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18
Q

Describe an eSATAp Port

A

eSATAp Port (Power eSATA)

a. Comes with power
b. Power: 12Volts (can power bigger devices than usb (Maximum power: 5Volts))
g. Access Speed: 6gbps

19
Q

WHAT IS ROM?

A 
1 ROM (Read Only Memory)  
 It refers to special memory that is used to store programs that boot computer and perform diagnostics.

It is non-volatile memory that contains the BIOS program.

It is  rectangular chip that is hardwired on the mother board.  Every computer has a motherboard
ROM CHIP (BIOS)
20
Q

What is Non-volatile memory?

A

Non Volatile Memory: - cannot be flushed when system reboots or computer is turned off

21
Q

What does the ROM store?

A

It Stores:

    • POST Program (Power on Self Test)
    • Hardware Configuration Settings eg CPU Virtualization Settings
    • System Clock Settings]
    • System Boot Order Settings (How System loads OS)
22
Q

What is the Standard Boot Order Setting?

A

Standard Boot Order Setting
It is the Order that OS boots on in system;
Order Can be changed

1 Floppy Disk
2 CD ROM or ISO
3 Hard drive
4 Network

23
Q

What is an ISO?

A

An ISO is a bootable software that is loaded into RAM

If using ISO for OS installation, may have to eject ISO for other system to load eg Solaris Installation

24
Q

What is the ROM CHIP (BIOS)?

A

ROM CHIP (BIOS)

It is attached to the motherboard

It is powered by its own source of power called the CMOS battery (looks like large watch battery; Battery Life: - 10 years)

You can set up a BIOS password so system will request a PW after POST loads

To reset BIOS Password in desktop computer, must remove BIOS battery

Not possible to reset BIOS password on a laptop because battery is hardwired to motherboard

Every computer has a ROM CHIP (BIOS) attached to the motherboard

25
Q

What is Volatile Memory?

A

Volatile Memory: - Memory that is flushed out on reboot or restarting computer

26
Q

What is RAM?

A

2)RAM (Random Access Memory)

It is volatile Memory that is used to load software into Ram Cache so the apps can be used in the system.

In Desktop computer, RAM Stick sits in RAM slots on motherboard eg. PC2 3200.

In Laptop, RAM Slots for RAM stick (put RAM stick in and put RAM Slot down flat);

To Uninstall must unclip RAM slot on both sides and then remove it) eg. PC2 6400S

Motherboard has a RAM Limit that is vendor specified.
Must contact vendor to know MAX RAM for system

Increasing RAM enables you to run more things at once.

Not having enough RAM slows computer down = Increasing RAM speeds up computer

27
Q

What are the 2 TYPES OF RAM?

A

2 TYPES OF RAM

a) S RAM (Static RAM): _ It is a RAM that is used in household electronics (eg microwaves, refrigerator) or automobile dashboard, aircraft electronics or automatic weapons.

It is very fast ( Access Speed: 10ns),

It has very high frequency and

it is more expensive.

b) D RAM (Dynamic RAM) : - It is used by computer systems.
It is the most common RAM.

It has a n Access Speed of 60ns.

Do not use S RAM because applications would not be able to work that fast

There are 2 Types of D RAM

a. SIMM (Single In Line Memory Module):
b. DIMM (Double In Line Memory Module)

 

28
Q

What is the difference between RAM and harddrive?

A

Saved stuff is stored on harddrive

RAM holds active apps

29
Q

Name and Describe 2 types of D RAM?

A

2 Types of D RAM
a. SIMM (Single In Line Memory Module): - RAM Slots on one side

b. DIMM (Double In Line Memory Module) – RAM Slots on both side
c. only use DIMM nowadays

30
Q

What is a CPU?

A

CPU (Central Processing Unit) AKA: Processor

It is the brain of the computer.

It is the multitasking or multi-threading chip located on a motherboard.

It is responsible for processing signals from system hardware devices and software programs.

It interprets and executes most commands from the computer hardware and software.

It is an FRU (field Replaceable Unit).

It comes with a CPU fan because CPU tends to heat up (has Heat Sink fins plus Fan to cool system).

TROUBLESHOOTING:
If system shuts down every 5 minutes after it is turned on – may be a CPU overheating issue (clean fan)

31
Q

CPU Troubleshooting Tools

A

CPU Troubleshooting Tools

1- If CPU, RAM And Disk numbers in Task Manager are high – may mean system is not running well – may be due to Malware

To resolve:

  • Click on CPU in Task Manager – displays program using most CPU (on top). Usually fluctuates a lot. Kill process ()
  • Click on RAM in Task Manager - displays program using most RAM (on top). Usually Stable.
  • Best way to fix defective app – uninstall and reinstall

2- For Slow System – Check Task Manager, Check CPU Over use. Check for Malware in Task Manager. Uninstall malware

-

32
Q

NAME POPULAR CPU VENDORS

A

Intel

AMD

33
Q

What does CPU SPEED determine?

A

It determines processing speeds

34
Q

What does RAM SPEED determine?

A

Determines speed of computer

35
Q

Describe a IDE or ATA Harddrive?

A
  1. IDE or ATA ( Integrated Disk Electronics or Advanced Technology Attach)
    a. Access Speed: 100mbps
    b. IDE harddrive connects to controller which is attached to the motherboard
    c. Visual Guide: Male pins on Connectors; While female connectors on cable
    d. Master Drive, Slave Drive ES Drive
    e. IDE AND SCSI CAN BE ON SAME SYSTEM
    f. HDD type
36
Q

Describe a SSD or SAS (Solid State Drive or Serial Attach SCSI)

A
  1. SSD or SAS (Solid State Drive or Serial Attach SCSI)
    a. Access Speed: 3gbps
    b. Data is stored in a chip just like Ram but it is nonvolat8ile (It is permanent)
    c. Lightweight
    d. More durable
    e. Not damaged by dropping
    f. Visual Guide: No Gap between Data Transmitter and Power Transmitter (filled)
37
Q

Describe a SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attach)

A
  1. SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attach)
    a. Access Speed: 150mbps
    b. Visual Guide: Gapped area between data transmitter and power transmitter
    c. HDD type
    d. IMAGES
38
Q

Describe a HDD (Hard Drive Disk)?

A
  1. Hard Drive Disk (HDD)

CONS OF HDDs

  1. Fragile and easy to break and scratch
    a. Every Single HDD has a fragile disk within it where data is stored
    b. It also has fragile arm that writes data and retrieves it from RAM
    c. Scratched disk – can still get data
    d. Broken Arm disk – nothing you can do to fix HDD
39
Q

Troubleshooting HHD

A

TROUBLESHOOTING:
FIX Scratched HDD
1. Take HDD and place in refrigerator
2. Put into external hard drive enclosure
3. Connect to another system
4. Retrieve data off it within 10 minutes
5. Physics: Made of matter which solidifies at low temperatures bringing sections closer together overcoming scratched area

40
Q

Name 5 Types of Harddrives?

A
  1. SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface) pronounced scursi
  2. IDE or ATA ( Integrated Disk Electronics or Advanced Technology Attach)
  3. SSD or SAS (Solid State Drive or Serial Attach SCSI)
  4. SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attach)
  5. HDD (Hard Drive Disk)
41
Q

What is a Hard Drive or Disk or Storage?

A

HARD DISK Or DRIVE or STORAGE
It is the main and largest data storage device in a computer.

It is where software is permanently stored

42
Q

What is a Process?

A

Processes: Are executable instances of an application program
Processes are managed by CPU (A CPU is the engine that powers a software instance)

43
Q

Describe a SCSI Harddrive?

A
  1. SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface)(pronounced scursi)
    a. Access Speed: 80mbps (Data transmission rates)
    b. Connector: Female pins
    c. Port: SCSI pins
    d. Almost obsolete
    e. HDD type

WINDOWS: SYSTEM ADMIN (12 decks)

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