Ports/Protocols and TCPIP

Question 1

What are ports?

Answer 1

A logical port identified with numbers

Question 2

What are Protocols?

Answer 2

Methods of communication agreed upon accross different OS’s

Question 3

FTP

• What does FTP Stand for?
• What 2 Ports/Protocols are used by FTP and what does each do?

Answer 3

• File Transfer Protocol
• 20 (TCP) - Used to send Data
• 21 (TCP) - Used to pass control information

Question 4

SSH

• What does SSH stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 4

• Secure Shell
• Encrypted Remote Administration
• 22 (TCP)

Question 5

Telnet

• What does Telnet allow for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 5

• UnEncrypted Remote Administration
• 23 (TCP)

Question 6

DNS

• What does DNS stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 6

• Domain Name Service
• Use to translate Hostnames to IP Addresses and vice versa
• 53 (TCP and UDP)

Question 7

DHCP

• What does DHCP stand for?
• What 2 Ports/Protocol are used?

Answer 7

• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
• 67 and 68 (TCP)

Question 8

NBTStat (NetBIOS)

• What 3 Ports are used by NBTStat (NetBIOS) and what does each do?
• What Protocol is used?

Answer 8

• 137 - Gets names of PCs
• 138 - Sends one-time info to remote PC (Datagram)
• 139 - Creates long-term session to remote PC (Session)
• TCP and UDP

Question 9

SNMP

• What does SNMP stand for?
• What 2 Ports/Protocol are used and what do they each do?

Answer 9

• Simple Network Management Protocol
• 161 (UDP) - Receives requests from Agents and used for communication
• 162 (UDP) - Receives notifications (traps) from Agents

Question 10

LDAP

• What does LDAP stand for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 10

• Lightweigth Directory Access Protocol
• 389 (TCP and UDP)

Question 11

SMB

• What does SMB stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 11

• Server Message Block
• Used to share data accross the network
• 445 (TCP)

Question 12

SMTP

• What does SMTP stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 12

• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• Used to send unencrypted email
• 25 (TCP)

Question 13

SSMTP

• What does SSMTP stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 13

• Secure Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• Used to send encrypted email
• 465 (TCP)

Question 14

POP3

• What does POP3 stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 14

• Post Office Protocol v3
• Used to receive unencrypted email. Only stored in Client.
• 110 (TCP)

Question 15

SPOP

• What does SPOP stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 15

• Secure Post Office Protocol
• Used to receive Encrypted email. Only stored in Client.
• 995 (TCP)

Question 16

IMAP

• What does IMAP stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 16

• Internet Message Access Protocol
• Used to receiving unencrypted email. Stored in Server and Client
• 143 (TCP)

Question 17

SIMAP

• What SIMAP stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 17

• Secure Internet Message Access Protocol
• Used to receiving Encrypted email. Stored in Server and Client
• 993 (TCP)

Question 18

RDP

• What does RDP stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 18

• Remote Desktop Protocol
• Allows for remoting into Windows machines securely
• 3389 (TCP)

Question 19

TFTP

• What does TFTP stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 19

• Trivial File Transfer Protocol
• Used to transfer unencrypted files to other machines. Not 100% reliable and has less features than FTP
• 69 (UDP)

Question 20

SFTP

• What does SFTP stand for?
• What is it used for?
• What Port/Protocol is used?

Answer 20

• Secure File Transfer Protocol
• Used to transfer files to other machines (Encrypted)
• 22 (TCP)

Question 21

Provide 3 common applications that make use of TCP

Answer 21

• File Transfer
• Email
• Web Browsing

Question 22

Provide 3 common applications that make use of UDP

Answer 22

• VoIP / Video Conference Equipment
• Online Gaming
• Live Streams

Question 23

Ports are part of what OSI Layer?

Answer 23

Layer 4 (Transport)

Question 24

Protocols are part of what OSI Layer?

Answer 24

Layer 7 (Application)

Question 25

How are Ports and Protocols Related?

Answer 25

Ports and Protocols have default mappings

Question 26

Port numbers have a range of:

Answer 26

0 to 65,535

Question 27

Can Port numbers can be changed? Why or why not?

Answer 27

Yes. For Obfuscation, aka making something obscure

Question 28

What is TCP/IP?

Answer 28

The internet's Protocol Combination

Question 29

In TCP/IP, what is TCP used for?

Answer 29

Responsible for transporting/routing data to the destination correctly

Question 30

In TCP/IP, what is IP used for?

Answer 30

Obtains and defines the address (IP) of the application/device where the data must be sent to

Question 31

What is a Socket?

Answer 31

Is an IP Address and a Port concatenated *(Ex. 152.199.244.163:443)*

Question 32

TCP can be defined as

Answer 32

Connection Oriented. Acknowledgement is required, also known as a 3-way handshake

Question 33

UDP can be defined as

Answer 33

Connection-less. Inaccurate and unreliable but fast

Question 34

Name an advantage and disadvantage of using: * TCP * UDP

Answer 34

* TCP - Accurate because data loss is unacceptable, but slow due to overhead * UDP - Inaccurate because data loss is acceptable but fast and used when speed is critical