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Portugal - Duriense Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 2 DOPs of the Duriense region

A

Douro and Porto

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2
Q

Which region is the Douro DOP located in?

A

Duriense

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3
Q

Which region is the Porto DOP located in?

A

Duriense

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4
Q

What was Portugal’s first demarcated wine region?

A

The Douro

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5
Q

Name the 2 major mountain ranges of the Douro

A

Marao and Montemuro

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6
Q

What is the main soil type in the Douro

A

Schist

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7
Q

What is the climate in the Douro Valley?

A

Continental climate of severely hot summers and cold winters, when temperatures often dip below freezing

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8
Q

Name the subzones of the Douro from west to east

A

Baixo Corgo
Cima Corgo
Douro Superior

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9
Q

Name the principal red grapes of the Douro

A 
Touriga Nacional
Touriga Franca
Tinta Roriz
Tinta Cão
Tinta Barroca
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10
Q

Name the principal white grapes of the Douro

A

Malvasia Fina
Viosinho
Rabigato
Gouveio

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11
Q

What is the name of the government body that supervises the promotion, production and trade of all Porto and Douro DOP wines

A

Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto (IVDP)

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12
Q

What is lei de terco?

A

(“law of the third”), a decree restricting sales of Port to one-third of a house’s total inventory annually

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13
Q

Name the preferred red grapes for Port production. What % of the blend must they constitute?

A 
Touriga Nacional
Touriga Francesa
Tinta Roriz
Tinta Cão
Tinta Barroca
Tinta Amarela
Tinta Francisca
Bastardo 
Mourisco Tinto
They must constitute a minimum 60% of the blend
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14
Q

Name the preferred white grapes for Port production

A 
Gouveio
Malvasia Fina
Viosinho
Rabigato
Esgana Cão
Folgasão.
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15
Q

What is the name of the ope granite troughs that Port grapes are traditionally foot crushed in?

A

Lagares

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16
Q

What is benefico and when does it occur in Port production

A

Beneficio is the fortification of wine with spirit. It occurs when approximately one-third of the sugar content has been converted to alcohol

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17
Q

What is aguardente?

A

“burning water”—a 77% abv neutral grape spirit used to fortify Port. The spirit is raw and uncomplicated; it is a young, fiery alcohol that contributes nothing to the character of the wine, rather it imparts the robustness necessary for the new Port to reach a proper maturity

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18
Q

In Port production, Aguardente is added to the fermenting wine in what general ratio?

A

1:4

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19
Q

What is the name of the traditional barrel used for ageing and shipping Port?

A

Pipe

20
Q

What is the size of a pipe used for shipping port set at?

A

534.24 litres

21
Q

What is the name of the suburb in Oporto where Port wines have traditionally been aged?

A

Vila Nova de Gaia

22
Q

What are the ageing requirements for vintage port?

A

Vintage Port must be authorized by the IVDP, and is aged in cask before being bottled by July 30 of the third year after harvest

23
Q

What is a single quinta vintage port?

A

Single quinta Vintage Port is the product of one estate’s harvest. Often, if a Port house cannot confidently declare a vintage, it may nonetheless showcase the fruit of one of its better estates as a vintage wine

24
Q

What are the ageing requirements for Late bottled vintage port?

A
  • spends between four and six years in cask prior to bottling. Thus, the wines obtain some of the mellowed tones of a Tawny Port, while retaining the youthful fruit and directness of a Ruby Port
  • Always the product of a single vintage
  • Filtered prior to bottling so do not require decanting and s=do not improve with bottle age
25
Q

What are the ageing requirements for reserve tawny port

A
  • ages for at least seven years prior to bottling.
  • blended from several vintages, and retain some youthful freshness while gaining a hint of the creamy, delicate nature of a true old Tawny.
  • will not improve with additional bottle age.
26
Q

What are the ages that Tawny Port with an indication of age may display?

A

10, 20, 30 or 40 years old

27
Q

What are the requirements for Colheita Tawny Port

A

Vintage dated Port that spends a minimum of 7 years in cask

28
Q

The vineyards that are conventionally recognised as the best for Port production are located around which town?

A

Pinhao

29
Q

What is Garrafeira Port

A

Extremely rare the wines start off like Colheitas but are taken out of wood at between 3 and 6 years of age and kept for years in large glass demijohns resulting in particularly elegant ports

30
Q

Name the best VIntage port years of the 1990s

A

1991 (First declared vintage for 6 years)
1992 (Declared by some. Rich and concentrated style)
1994 (Classic monumental wines)
1997 (Last generally declared vintage of the 20th century

31
Q

Name the best vintage port years of the 2000s

A

2000 (Hugely concentrated, small quantities)
2003 (Classic port with ripe flavours)
2007 (IVDP announced that it was the biggest vintage declaration to date)
2011 (Great year in the Douro)
2015 (Not widely declared but a good year for the Douro Superiour
2016 (Big aromatic and balanced)
2017 (Concentration intensity and structure)

32
Q

Name the best Port vintages of the 1980s

A

1980 (recognised for aulity years after declaration)
1983 (Declared by most houses. Muscular wines)
1985 (Classic Vintage)

33
Q

Name the single quinta of Cockburns

A

Quinta dos Canais

Quinta do Tua

34
Q

Name the single quinta of Croft

A

Quinta do Tua

35
Q

Name the single quinta of Dows

A

Quinta do Bomfim

36
Q

Name the single quinta of Ferreira

A

Quinta do Porto

Quinta do Seixo

37
Q

Name the single quinta of Fonseca

A

Quinta do Panascal

38
Q

Name the single quinta of Grahams

A

Quinta dos Malvedos

Quinta do Tua

39
Q

Name the single Quinta of Niepoort

A

Quinta do Passodouro

40
Q

Name the single quinta of Quinta do Noval

A

Quinta do Noval
Quinta do Silval
Quinta do Noval Nacional

41
Q

Name the single quinta of Sandeman

A

Quinta do Vau

Quinta do Seixo

42
Q

Name the single quinta of Taylor - Fladgate

A

Quinta de Vargellas
Quinta de Terre Feita
Quinta do Junco

43
Q

Name the single quinta of Warres

A

Quinta da Cavadinha

44
Q

The IVDP grants each grower’s beneficio authorisation. What is this?

A

The maximum amount of wine that can be fortified each year based on a matrix of 12 factors relating to soil, climate and the vine itself. Each factor has a minimum and maximum point score associated with it and there are a total of 2,361 points available.

Vineyards that score over 1200 are grade A. Vineyards between 1001 and 1200 are B and so forth through to F.

45
Q

What are the maximum yields for red and white grapes in the Douro

A

55 hl/ha for red grapes

65 hl/ha for white grapes

46
Q

When was port discovered

A

In 1968 2 englishmen arrived in Lamego a mountain town in the Douro Valley where they discovered Port being made by the Abbot of Lamego who was arresting the fermentation of his wines with Brandy while the sugar was still present. They sent the wines back to Liverpool.
Christiano Kopke, a German, founded the house of Kopke in 1638, four decades before the first recorded shipment of Porto to England, but the English market drove the wine’s fame and popularity

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