Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AORN Periop class > Positioning > Flashcards

Positioning Flashcards

1
Q

What position is when the patient is lying on their back?

A

supine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is another word for supine?

A

dorsal recumbent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are modifications for the supine position?

A
  1. lithotomy
  2. sitting/semi-sitting
  3. trendelenburg and reverse trendelenburg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define lithotomy

A

the patient is supine and the legs are placed in stirrups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

define sitting/semi-sitting

A

the patient is placed in a sitting or semi-sitting position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

define trendelenburg and reverse trendelenburg

A
  1. the upper torso is lowered and the feet are raised - trendelenburg
  2. head-up, feet down, supine position.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What position is when the patient is lying on their non-operative side?

A

lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does a patient get into the lateral position?

A

Patient is anesthetized in the supine position on the OR bed and then log rolled onto their non-operative side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What position is the patient in when they are lying face down?

A

prone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does a patient get into the prone position?

A

the patient is anesthetized on a transport vehicle in the supine position and then log rolled onto their abdomen on the OR bed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a variation of the prone position?

A

Jack-knife, or Kraske position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What patient factors do you want to assess that might place a patient at risk for a positioning injury during surgery?

A
  1. age
  2. height and weight
  3. skin condition
  4. nutritional status - dehydration, low albumin
  5. preexisting conditions
  6. physical/mobility limits
  7. body mass index
  8. presence of jewelry
  9. lab results
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are procedural factors that you might want to assess that might place a patient at risk for a positioning injury during surgery?

A
  1. type of anesthesia
  2. length of surgery
  3. position required during surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How should arms be positioned when a pt. is in supine?

A

arm extensions should be less than 90 degrees to avoid compression of the brachial plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is an alternative arm placement for supine position?

A

at the sides with thumbs up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do you want to place under a pt.’s knees in supine?

A

a soft pillow to prevent stress on the lower back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where should a safety strap go when the pt. is in supine?

A

2 inches above the knees with a sheet or blanket placed between the strap and the patient’s skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where should pad pressure points go?

A

occiput, scapulae, thoracic vertebrae, olecranon process, sacrum/coccyx, elbows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What should you do with a pregnant patient in supine?

A

insert a wedge under the patient’s right side to displace the uterus to the left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What can use to redistribute heel pressure when a pt. is in supine?

A

wide pressure-redistributing surface or heel-suspension device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What 4 procedures is supine used for?

A
  1. abdominal procedures
  2. head and neck procedures
  3. vascular surgery
  4. breast surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How is a pt. positioned in lithotomy to prevent strain on the sacrum?

A

the patient’s buttocks are positioned even with the lower break in the OR bed and should not extend over the break

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where should a pt.’s arms go in lithotomy?

A

place the patient’s arms on padded arm boards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What should you protect when manipulating the OR bed and adding positioning attachments to the OR bed?

A

hands and fingers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What 3 physiological changes can occur when a pt. is placed in lithotomy?
1. When the legs are raised and placed in stirrups, the abdominal organs shift, which increases pressure on the diaphragm, leading to respiratory compromise. 2. A shift in the circulatory volume can occur when legs are removed from the stirrups after surgery. 3. The circulatory and respiratory systems may be compromised due to compression of the abdominal contents on the inferior vena cava and abdominal aorta.
26
After surgery how should you handle the pt.'s legs who have been in lithotomy?
lower the patient's legs slowly when removing them from he stirrups
27
what nerve damage can occur when a pt. is placed in lithotomy?
to femoral, obturator, and perineal nerves can occur
28
What procedures is lithotomy used for?
1. vaginal 2. rectal 3. urological 4. colorectal 5. reproductive laparoscopic procedures
29
What angle is created between the posterior surface of the patient's thighs and OR bed surface? standard
80 degrees to 100 degrees
30
What is a modification of lithotomy that puts one of the patient's legs up?
semi lithotomy
31
What angle is created between the posterior surface of the patient's thighs and OR bed surface with low lithotomy?
40-60 degrees
32
What angle is created between the posterior surface of the patient's thighs and OR bed surface with high lithotomy?
110-120
33
What angle is created between the posterior surface of the patient's thighs and OR bed surface with exaggerated lithotomy?
130-150
34
What is another 2 words to describe semi-sitting?
semi fowler or beach chair
35
What is another word to describe sitting?
fowler
36
What procedures are done in the sitting and semi-sitting position?
1. shoulder 2. posterior cervical spine 3. posterior or lateral head
37
How much do you want to flex the pt.'s knees in sitting/semi-sitting?
30 degrees to prevent stress on the sciatic nerve
38
What are the angle measurements for the pt. in trendelenburg?
patient's feet are higher than the patient's head by 15 degrees to 30 degrees
39
What procedures is trendelenburg used for?
1. pelvic organ and low intestinal procedures | 2. first line intervention in the treatment of acute hypotension and/or shock
40
What are the angle measurements for the pt. in reverse trendelenburg?
the pt.'s head is 15-30 degrees
41
What procedures is reverse trendelenburg used for?
head, neck, and upper abdominal procedures
42
Why is the surgical site elevated above the heart in reverse rendelenburg?
1. to improve drainage of body fluids away from the surgical site 2. reduce intracranial pressure 3. decrease bleeding in the surgical field
43
What kind of procedures are performed in the lateral position?
1. thoracotomy 2. kidney surgery 3. hip surgery
44
What positioning device and/or equipment is not used when placing a patient in the lateral position?
boot stirrup
45
Why do the feet need to be maintained in the prone position?
to prevent foot drop
46
Why do you want to pad the eyes and avoid pressure?
to prevent conjunctival edema, corneal abrasion, or retinal ischemia
47
How should you rotate the arms in prone? why?
rotate the arms slowly when placing them on arm boards to prevent brachial plexus injuries
48
What can improper positioning in the prone position do?
pressure on the inferior vena cava and femoral veins
49
What can pressure on the inferior vena cava and femoral veins do in prone?
can reduce venous return and produce hypotension
50
What can pressure on the carotid artery from the head being turned do in prone?
can produce hypotension and arrhythmias
51
In the prone position, what is the patient most vulnerable to?
to respiratory problems due to compression of the diaphragm, which impairs gas exchange
52
What can occur from the effects of body weight against the abdominal wall in the prone position?
increased airway pressure and difficulty in ventilation
53
What is the prone position used for?
back, rectum, and other dorsal areas
54
What is an example of a procedure with prone?
lumbar laminectomy
55
What kind of procedure is the jack-knife position used for?
hemorrhoidectomy and pilonidal sinus
56
What is a non-blanchable erythema of intact skin?
stage 1 pressure injury
57
What is a partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
stage 2 pressure injury
58
What is full-thickness skin loss?
stage 3 pressure injury
59
What is full-thickness skin and tissue loss?
stage 4 pressure injury
60
what is obscured full-thickness skin and tissue loss?
unstageable pressure injury
61
What is persistent non-blanchable, deep red, maroon, or purple discoloration?
deep tissue pressure injury
62
What are 2 other pressure injuries that that do not fit into the stage 1,2,3, or 4 pressure categories?
1. mucosal membrane pressure injury | 2. medical device-related pressure injury
63
What is the result of opposing movement of skeletal structure and the skin. Perpendicular force causes this?
shear
64
Maceration can occur when the skin is exposed to what for prolonged time, causing the tissue to break down?
moisture
65
Exposure to this occurrence reduces peripheral circulation, reducing oxygen to the skin and tissues>
cold
66
Layers of materials, such as extra linen, adds rigidity and can produce high and inconsistent pressure?
negativity
67
What should happen with patients that are greater than 18 weeks pregnant?
placed in left lateral tilt, with a wedge placed under the right pelvis or lumbar region.
68
What is pressure injury risk assessment tool designed for surgical patients?
munro pressure ulcer risk assessment scale
69
Who is responsible for pt. positioning?
surgical team
70
To position a patient who is obese in the supine position, you should what?
use padded arm guards to contain the arms at the sides
71
When the patient is in the supine position with the arms at the sides, where should you tuck the draw sheet?
underneath the patient
72
Raising the patient's legs into the lithotomy position shifts blood from the legs into the central circulation and...
increases cardiac output and venous return
73
What is a standardized, structured, perioperative nursing language that reflects the perioperative nursing process. It can be used as a method to gather, organize, and document perioperative nursing care to create and implement an individualized care plan for each perioperative patient.
Perioperative nursing data set
74
What is softened, separated, and wasted away as a result of moisture.9 A patient’s skin can become macerated when it is in contact with blood, bodily fluids, and other fluids for a period of time?
macerated
75
What is a localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue during an inpatient hospital stay and a result of pressure, shear, or both?
hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI)
76
What is a pediatric pressure injury risk assessment tool?
glamorgan scale
77
What is the 65 to 74 years of age?
the young-old
78
What is the 75 to 84 years of age?
the middle-old
79
What is the 85 to 99 years of age?
the old-old
80
What is the 100 years of age or more?
the elite-old
81
What is when the patient's body is dragged across the bed linens instead of being lifted?
friction
82
If your BMI is 18.5 to less than 25 what is your classification?
normal weight range
83
If your BMI is 25 to less than 30 what is your classification?
overweight range
84
If your BMI is 30 or higher what is your classification?
obese range
85
If your BMI is less than 18.5?
underweight range
86
What is class 1 adult obesity?
BMI of 30kg/m2 to <35kg/m2 (obese)
87
What is class 2 adult obesity?
BMI of 35 kg/m2 to < 40 kg/m2 (obese)
88
What is class 3 adult obesity?
BMI of 40 kg/m2 or higher (extremely obese)

AORN Periop class (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions