Positions Flashcards
(174 cards)
0
Q
Tube feeding with decreased LOC position
A
Right/Elevated
1
Q
Air/Pulmonary Embolism position
A
Left/Lower
2
Q
After lumbar puncture & oil based myelogram position
A
Flat supine (8hrs)
3
Q
Heat stroke position
A
Flat w/ legs elevated
4
Q
After myringotomy position
A
On Affect ear
5
Q
Cataract surgery position
A
On unaffected side
6
Q
Thyroidectomy position
A
Semi-fowlers
7
Q
Infant w/ spina bifida position
A
Prone
8
Q
Bucks traction position
A
Elevate food of bed
9
Q
Prolapsed cord position
A
Knee to chest / trendelenburg
10
Q
Cleft lip position
A
Supine or lateral on unaffected
11
Q
Above knee amputation position
A
First 24hr on pillow, position prone daily for hip extension
12
Q
Below knee amputation position
A
Foot of bed elevated first 24hrs w/ prone daily for hip extension
13
Q
After supratentorial surgery position
A
Elevate HOB 35-45
14
Q
Infratentorial surgery position
A
Flat and lateral
15
Q
During internal radiation
A
Bed rest
16
Q
Autonomic dysreflexia position & signs/symptoms
A
Elevate HOB first, loosen constricting clothing, assess for bladder distention, administer antihyperstensive
Pounding headache, profuse sweating, nasal congestion,goose flesh, bradycardia & HYPERTENSION
Caused by a spinal cord injury ( at T-7 or above)
17
Q
Shock position & drug
A
Modified trendenburg (extremities elevated 20, knees straight, head slightly elevated)
Drug: Intropine
18
Q
Pancriatitis pain med
A
Demerol
19
Q
Myastenia Gravis
A
Worsens w/ exercis & improves w/ rest
Positive reaction to Tensilon - symptoms improve
Cholinergic crisi- tensilon worsen symptoms - stop medication
20
Q
Metabolic acidosis
A
From the ass ( diarrhea)
21
Q
Metabolic alkalosis
A
From the mouth (vomiting)
22
Q
Hypothyroidism (myxedema)
A
Slow physical & mental function, sensitive to cold, dry skin & hair
23
Q
Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s)
A
Accelerated physical and mental function, sensitive to hot, fine/soft hair
Skinny, nervous, buldging eyes, up all night, tachycardia
Thyroid storm: increased temp, pulse and HTN
24
Hypo-parathyroid (hypocalcemia)
CATS: convulsions, arrhythmias, tetany, spasms, stridor, muscles rigid and tight
Diet: high ca low phosphorus
Drug: synthroid
25
Hyper-parathyroid (hypercalcemia)
Sedated: fatigue, muscle weakness, renal caliculi, back and JOINT PAIN
Diet: low ca high phosphorus
26
Hypovolemia
Increases temp, rapid/weak pulse, hypotension, increased RESPIRATIONS, anxiety
Specific gravity > 1.030
27
Hypervolemia
Bounding pulse, hypertension, SOB, dyspnea, rares/crackles, peripheral edema,
Urine specific gravity < 1.010
Semi-fowlers
28
Diabetes Insipitus (DI)
```
Decreased ADH
Polyuria
Thirst
Dehydration
Weakness
```
Drug: vasopressin
29
SIADH
Increased ADH
Change in LOC
Decreased derp tendon reflexes, tachycardia
N/v/a
Drug: declomycin, diuretics
30
Hypokalemia
Vomiting, NG suction, diuretics, not eating
Muscle weakness & cramps
Dysrhythmias
Treat: increase K (raisins, bananas,apricots, oranges, kiwi, beans, potatoes, carrots, celery)
31
Hyperkalemia
Kidney troubles, aldactone
MURDER: muscle twitching, weakness, urine (oliguria/anuria), respiratory depression, dcreases cardiac contactibility, ECG changes, reflexes, flaccid paralysis
First assess pulse rate
Treat: glucose & insulin, diuretics, kayexulate, calcium gluconate
32
Hyponatremia
Too much water (SIADH)
Nausea, muscle cramps & twitching, increased ICP, convulsions
Needs sodium
33
Hypernatremia
To much sodium not enough water (dehydration) - DI
Increased temp, weakness, disorientation/delusions, hypotension, tachycardia, dry mouth, swollen tongue
Hypotonic solution
34
Hypocalcemia
Not enough PTH
CATS: convulsions, arrythmias, tetany, muscle spasms - rigid & tight
Positive trousseau & tchvoskis signs
35
Hypercalcemia
Too much PTH
Sedated: muscle weakness & flacid, lack of coordination, abdominal pain, confusion, absent tendon reflexes, polyuria
36
Hypermagnesium
Renal failure, antacids
Sedated: mucle weakness & flaccid, hypotension, facial flushing, absent deep tendon reflexes, shallow respirations, EMERGENCY
Calcium gluconate (antidote)
37
Hypomagnesium
Diarrhea, alcoholism
Muscle rigid & tight,tremors, tetany, seizures, dyrshythmias, depression, confusion, dysphagia
Dig toxicity
38
Addisons
Low aldosterone
Initially hyperkemia (muscle twitching, weakness, flaccid paralysis). HypoNa, HyperK, hypoglycemia, dark pigmentation, fractures, alopecia, weight loss, GI distress, hypotension
Addisonian crisis: severe hypertension & vascular collapse - n/v, confusion, abdominal pain, extreme weakness, hypoglycemia, dehydration, decreased BP
39
Cushings
Too many steriods
HyperNa, HypoK, hyperglycemia, prone to infection, muscle wasting, weakness, edema, Hypertension, hirutism, moon face / buffalo hump
40
Tetralogy of fallot
DROPS: child drops to floor or squats
Defect, septal
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Overriding aorta
Pulmonary stenosis
41
MAOIs
Priates say arrr (Parnate, marplan, nardil)
PaNaMa
Metallic bitter taste
42
Tylenol antidote
Mucomyst
Diluted in cola, water or juice
Given orally or by ng tube after verification that the stomach is empty through emisis or gastric lavage
43
Cord compression position
Trendelenburg
44
Vetilator alarms
HOLD: high alarm- obstructed
| Low alarm - disconnected
45
Hyperglycemia
Hot & dry = sugar high
46
Hypoglycemia
Cool & clammy - need some candy
47
Increased ICP
Increased BP, decreased pulse, decresed respirations
Cushings triad
48
Shock
Decreased BP, increased pulse, increased respirations
49
Cor pulmonae
Right sided heart failure - occurs with bronxhitis or emphysema (COPD)
Edema, jugular distention
50
Jews
No meat & milk together
51
Phobic disorders
Systemic desensitization
52
Heparin antidote & test
Protamine sulfate
aPTT
53
Coumadin antidote & test
Vitamin K
PT & INR
54
Ammonia antidote
Lactulose
55
Iron antidote
Deferoxamine
56
Dig antidote
Digibind
57
Alcohol withdrawl drug
Librium
58
Narcotic addicts pain med
Methadone
59
Vtach drug
Lidocaine
60
SVT drug
Adenosine or adenocard
61
Asystole drug
Atropine
62
CHF drug
ACE inhibitor "pril"
Apresonline - report flu like symptoms
63
Status Epilepticus assessment & drug
LOC
| Valium
64
Diverticulitis pain
LL quadrant
65
Appendicitis pain & post position
RL quadrant w/ rebound tenderness
Right side w/ legs flexed
66
Acites
Portal hypertension + albuminemia
67
Fat embolism
Petechia, blood tinged sputum, increases ESR, respiratory alkalosis, hypocalcemia, increased serum lipids, & snow storm
Given heparin
68
Amniocentesis
Before 20wks
| Cardiac and pulmonary abnormalities
69
Right side cardiac cath
Valve problems
70
Left sided cardiac cath
Coronary complications
71
Pathological jaundice
Before 24hrs and lasts 7 days
72
Physiological jaundice
After 24hrs
73
Previa
No pain, bleeding
74
Abrupto
Bleeding with Pain
Monitor I&O's
75
Dystocia
Baby cannot make it down the canal
76
2-3 months
Turns head side to side
77
4-5 months
Graps, switch, roll
78
6-7 months
Sit and wave bye bye
79
8-9 months
Stands straight at 8
80
10-11
Belly to butt
81
12-13 months
Twelve and up, drink from a cup
82
Hyperventilation
Respiratory alkalosis
83
Murphys sign
Pain with palpation of gall bladder
Cholecystitis
84
Cullens sign
Ecchymosis in umbilical area
Pancreatitis
85
Turners sign
Flank gravish blue
Pancreatitis
86
McBurneys point
Pain in RLQ
Appendicitis
87
LLQ pain
Diverticulitis
Low residual, no seeds, nuts, peas
88
RLQ
Appendicitis
Watch for peritonitis
89
Guthrie test
Tests for PKU
| Baby should eat protein first
90
Shillings tests
Pernicious anemia
Need B 12
91
TPA antidote
Amicar
92
3 C's in TEF
Coughing, choking, cyanosis
93
Containdication for Hep B vaccine
Allergy to bakers yeast
94
MMR
Sub Q injection
Ask if allergy to egg or neomycin
95
Signs of a fractured hip
External rotation, shortening, adduction
96
Glaucoma medication
Diamox
Cause hypokalemia
97
Hirschsprungs
Bile in lower obstruction, no bile in upper obstruction, ribbon like and foul smelling stools
Rectal biopsy for absence of ganglionic cells
Failure to pass meconium
98
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Upturned nose
Flat nasal bridge
Thin upper lip
SGA
99
Kawaski syndrome
Strawberry tongue
Leads to cardiac problems - coronary artery aneurysms
100
Pernicious anemia
Red beefy tongue
101
Down syndrome
Protruding tongue
102
Cholera
Rice watery stool
103
Maleria
Stepladder like fever and chills
104
Typhoid
Rose spots on abdomen
105
Diptheria
Pseudo membrane formation
106
Measles
Kopliks spots (red spots with blue centers) - usually in the mouth
107
Liver cirrhosis
Spider like veins
108
Leprosy
Lioning face
109
Bulemia
Chipmunk face
110
Dengue
Petechiae or + hermans sign
111
Tetanus
Risus sardonicus
112
Pancreatitis sign
Cullens sign & + grey turners spots
After pain relief, cough and deep breathe
113
Intussusception
```
Sausage shaped mass
Dance sign (empty portion of RLQ)
```
Currant Jelly like stools
Common in kids with CF
114
MS sign
Charcott's Triad
Myelin sheat destruction - disruption in the nerve impulse conduction
Limb weakness, paralysis, slow speech, numbness, tingling, tinnitus, nystagmus, ataxia, dysphagia, dysarthria
Hyperactive deep tenden reflexes, visual changes, fatigue, spacity
115
MG sign
Descending muscle weakness
Decrease in receptor sites for acetylcholine
Fatigue, weakness in eye, mastication, phayngeal muscles
116
Guillian barre syndrome
Ascending muscle weakness
Ascending paralysis
Keep eye on respiratory system
117
Epiglotitis sign
Drooling, dysphonia, dysphagia
118
Infectious mononucleosis
Sore throat, cervical lymph adenopathy, fever
119
Cystic fibrosis
Salty skin
1st sign: meconium ileus at birth
Inconsulable, does not eat, not passing meconium
Treat: low fat, high sodium, fat soluable vitamins ADEK. Aerosol bronchodilators, mucolytics and pancreatic enzymes
120
Gerd
Barretts esophagus
Baby: position prone w/ hob elevated
Adult: left side w/ HOB elevated
121
Hepatic encephalopathy
Flappung temors
122
Menieres disease
Vertigo
Tinnitus
N/V
T: diuretic, restrict Na, lay on affected ear
123
Lymes disease
Bulls eye rash
124
Atropine overdose
Hot as a hare (temp), mad as a hatter (LOC), red as a beet (flushed face), dry as a bone ( thirsty)
125
1st degree burn
Red and painful
126
2nd degree burn
Blisters
127
3rd degree burn
No pain
128
Gastric ulcer pain
Occurs after eating, not at night, and not relieved by food
129
After shunt placement position
Position flat
130
Multiple myeloma
Bence jones protein
131
ARDS sign
Hypoxemia
| Increased respirations
132
Pulmonary embolism sign
Sudden Chest pain, dyspnea & tachypnea
133
5yr old CPR
1 to 5
134
Head injury medication
Mannitol
Crystalizes at room temp
Use a filter needle
135
Pre liver biopsy
Check prothrombin time
136
Pheochromocytoma
Hypersecretion of epi/norepi
Persistent HTN, increased HR, hyperglycemia, diaphoresis, tremor, pounding headache,
Avoid stress, frequent bathing and rest breaks, avoid cold and stimulating foods, surgery to remove tumor
Test: catecholamine (normal up to 14/100ml - higher = pheochromocytoma)
137
Neuropleptic malignant syndrome
Hyperprexia ( u get hot), stiff (increased muscle tone), sweaty (diaphoresis), increase in BP, pulse and respirations, u start to drool
138
Pneumonia sign & position
Fever & chills are usually present
Elderly: confusion
Lay on affected side - splints and reduces pain
139
Prednisone toxicity
Buffallo hump, moon face, hyperglycemia, hypertension (cushings)
140
Glaucoma signs
Painful, Loss of peripheral vision
141
DKA
Breakdown of fat instead of sugar - decrease in pH - metabolic acidosis - kussmals respirations to compensate
Seen in Type I
Treat with fluids first - expect potassium replacement
142
Cataract
Painless, Cloudy, blurry vision
Treatment: lens removal surgery
143
Co2 causes
Vasoconstriction
144
Parkinsons
RAT- rigidity, akinesia (loss of muscle movement). Pill roll Tremors
Drug: levodopa
145
Heart defects - cyanotic
3-t's
Tof, Truncys arteriosus, transposition of the great vessles
Prevent blood from going to the heart
146
Wilms tumor
Encapsulated above the kidney - causes flank pain
147
Hypoxia sign
Restlessness, anxious, cyanotic tachycardia, increased respirations
148
Order of assessment
Inspection palpation percussion auscultation
Bowel: inspect, auscultate percuss, palpate
149
Pagets disease
Tinnitus, bone pain, enlargement of the bone, thick bones
150
Huntingtons
Chorea: writhing, twisting, movements of face, limbs and body
Autosomal dominent disorder
151
Anticholinergic effects
Dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, blurred vision
152
Compartment syndrome classic symptoms
Paresthesias and increased pain
153
Meningeal signs
Nuchal rigidity, positive babinski, positive kernig and photophobia
154
Stomas
Poor blood supply: dusky color
Prolapsed: protruding
Peritonitis: sharp pain & rigidity
155
Glomerulonephritis
Assess: BP
Restrict: fluids, protein, sodium & potassium
156
CSF in meningitis
Cloudy, High protein, low glucose
157
Tet spells drug
Morphine
158
Post splenectomey
Pneumovax 23 - prevent pnumoccocal sepsis
159
HHNS
Type II
No ketones & no acidosis
Porassium is low
Fluids first
160
Decorticate
Cortex involvement
161
Decerebrate
Brain stem involvement
162
Removal of pituitary gland
Monitor for hypocortisolism and temp DI
163
Renal failure sign
Low mag & high creatinine
164
Ng tube irrigation
Cola - teach family
165
Normal lucid pt starts seeing bugs
Check respiratory status first
166
Cold stress in infants
Respiratory distress
167
Sign of bleeding
Low hemoglobin and/or hematocrit
Sign: Dark stools
168
Newly diagnosed hypertension patient
BP reading in both arms
169
Beta blocker
"Olol"
Decrease bp, p & contactibility - decrease wrk load on the heart
Dont give to astmatics or diabetics
170
CCB
"Pine"
Dilate coronary arteries & decrease bp
171
Lithium toxicity signs
Vomiting, blurred vision, abdominal pain, diarrhea, blurred vision, tinnitus, tremors
172
Dig toxicity signs
Diarrhea, blurred vision, n/v
173
Respiratory acidosis signs
Hradache, restlessness, confusion
