Positive Psychology

Question 0

What was the method for Stanley Milgram’s 1974 obedience to authority experiment?

Answer 0

Ordinary people delivered what they believed to be painful shocks to a stranger and increased the shocks despite protest from the stranger.

Question 1

In 1974, who conducted a famous experiment on obedience to authority?

Answer 1

Stanley Milgram

Question 2

What percentage of people in Stanley Milgram’s 1974 experiment on obedience to authority continued to obey the experimenter and deliver shocks of 450v?

Answer 2

66%

Question 3

What does Stanley Milgram’s 1974 experiment suggest?

Answer 3

That ordinary people will go against their own judgement and moral values under minimal pressure from a legitimate authority.

Question 4

Who is Aldolph Eichman?

Answer 4

Tried for crimes against humanity during the Holocaust death camps

Question 5

What is Hanna Arendt’s famous phrase from 1963?

Answer 5

The Banality of Evil

Question 6

What did the Hanna Arendt phrase “the banality of evil” from 1963 represent?

Answer 6

That those who carried out extraordinary acts of brutality during the Holocaust were not pathological monsters; they were just normal people following orders.

Question 7

What is a basic Positive Psychology premise?

Answer 7

That the field of psychology is out of balance; focussing too much on the negatives in human behaviour than the positives.

Question 8

Who was influential in the emphasis on Negative Psychology

Answer 8

Sigmund Freud

Question 9

What was Sigmeund Freud influential in promoting about Negative Psychology

Answer 9

That beneath the veneer of everyday politeness and kindness lurked more self serving motives

Question 10

What is one of the perspectives of Positive Psychology?

Answer 10

That positive qualities and motives are just as authentic as negative ones and they affirm the positive side of human nature.

Question 11

What was a description of Positive Psychology, given by a student?

Answer 11

That positive psychology is pop psychology with a scientific basis

Question 12

List the current topics in Positive Psychology

Answer 12

Happiness
Love
Hope
Forgiveness
Positive growth after trauma
Health benefits of a positive attitude

Question 13

What is the 2001 quote by Baumeister, Bratslavsky, Finkenauer, and Vohs?

Answer 13

In human behaviour, the bad is stronger than the good

Question 14

In 1990 Covert and Reeder, and also in 2001 Rozin and Royzman named the process of information about negative traits contributing more to how we think of others than positive traits or behaviours as what?

Answer 14

The trait negativity bias

Question 15

What was said in 2003 by Reis and Gable

Answer 15

That the presence of conflict and negative behaviour makes a greater contribution to relationship satisfaction, or lack thereof, than does the positive behaviour

Question 16

In 2005, what was said by Gable and Haidt?

Answer 16

Because positive events are more common, negative ones violate our expectations and as a result are given more attention

Question 17

What was said in 2003, also by Reis and Gable, about a reflection on adaptive evolutionary behaviour?

Answer 17

We attend more to the bad than the good

Question 18

Who made a comment about the attention grabbing power of negative social information in 1991?

Answer 18

Pratto and John

Question 19

In 2002/2003 who argued that the dominance of the disease model in psychology had focused the field on treating illness and away from building strengths?

Answer 19

Martin Seligman

Question 20

In 1998 who argued that psychology should be more than a repair shop for broken lives

Answer 20

Ryff and Singer

Question 21

Who may have been the first contemporary psychologist to call this new perspective ‘positive psychology’?

Answer 21

Martin Seligman

Question 22

Who at an American Psychological Association presidential address requested for a shift in psychology’s focus to positive psychology in 1998?

Answer 22

Martin Seligman

Question 23

Seligman hoped his request for a change in Psychology, beyond that of the disease model, was to promote the study of healthy human functioning. What indicated this idea was well received?

Answer 23

A standing ovation

Question 24

What is an early example of research presenting positive characteristics and positive functioning?

Answer 24

The Terman, Buttenweiser, Ferguson, Johnson, and Wilson experiment of gifted children and happiness in marriage

Question 25

What year was the Terman experiment on gifted children and marital happiness conducted?

Answer 25

1939

Question 26

In 1960 what style of Psychology began criticising the negative, traditional methods?

Answer 26

Humanistic Psychology

Question 27

Name two Humanistic Psychologists

Answer 27

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

Question 28

In 2004 Taylor and Sherman said what style of psychology shares much in common with Positive Psychology?

Answer 28

Health Psychology