post 1850 industrial britain Flashcards
social class
introduction of middle class
-influential on developing sport
-went to public schools
availability of time
-average working week decreased from 72 to 57 hours over 6 days
-factory owners viewed sport as a way to keep workers healthy and loyal
-work teams
-saturday half day enabled sport
law and order
-law makers are upper and middle class
-sporting bias allowed sports such as hunting to continue
-common laws
-decline in lower class pastimes
RSPCA formed
-dec in blood sports
-animal baiting and cock fighting outlawed
education
-working families had little opportunity or interest in edu
-child labour a common practise - didin’t want to give up childs earnings
-Education Act 1870 started rise of national state education
-elementary education free
-sport part of education
transport
-railways developed
-some water based sports
-imp qual of roads
availability of money
professionalism
-working conditions poor with little pay
-no paid holiday for lc
-some sports offered professional contracts
gender
-role of women restricted and expected to marry
-sport ‘damaged’ women
-limited opportunities - modest clothing
-change of status in 19th century
-female pioneers - equal rights to access
-women involved in sport
-growth of lawn tennis/ respectable sport in late 19th century
who was headmaster of rugby school
Dr thomas arnold
-ordained clergyman
-recreation/sport to reform sinful behaviour of the boys
what is muscular christianity
-arnolds main of of producing christian gentlemen and preach good moral behaviour
-combo of godliness and manliness.
-strong and fit body match robust and healthy soul
factors that promote ethics in sport and games
-leadership
-trust
-teamwork
-endeavour
-honesty
-integrity
what is ‘cult of athletisism’
combo of physical endeavour and moral integrity
sports and games spread worldwide throughout the british empire
ho was sports and games promoted
-sixth form prefects
-‘mentors and guides
-house system
-boarding schools - time to play
-interhouse/school comps
-lots of funding
-structured games and established rules
-specialist coaches
-specialist facilities
-league and cup comps
what is the Old Boy’s network
ex public school pupils
-uni: eg Oxbridge developed NGBs
-army officer: spead sports internationally
-parents: sent children to same school
-teachers: promote importance of sport
-priest/clergy: missionaries, join church
-industrials: factory owners, sports teams
-community leaders: eg politicians, funding.
association football
-public schools codified from mob football
-factory teams
-spectatorism through improved transport
rugby
-public schools codified mob sports into rugby
