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Ancient History > Post Mauryan India > Flashcards

Post Mauryan India Flashcards

1
Q

which all provinces began to declare independence after Asoka’s demise

A

Kalinga
Satavahannas

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2
Q

who ruled after the mauryans

A

sungas

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3
Q

who overthrew mauryans

A

pushyamitra sunga

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4
Q

who was pushymitra sunga

A

the commander in chief of the mauryans

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5
Q

biggest challenge faced by Sunga

A

to protect north india from bactrian greeks from the NW

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6
Q

Till where did greeks enter India

A

upto pataliputra for at least some time

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7
Q

religion of pushyamitra sunga

A

brahmanism

he performed asvamedha twice

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8
Q

how do buddhist sources speak of pushyamitra sunga

A

called him a ‘‘persecutor of buddhism’’

however, he did patronise buddhist art

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9
Q

pushyamitra Sunga’s son was

A

Agnimitra

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10
Q

last sunga ruler and why was he the last

A

Devabhuti, murdered by Vasudeva Kanva, the founder of Kanva dynasty

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11
Q

why was sunga rule important

A
  1. Defended the gangetic valley from foreign invasions
  2. Revived Brahmanism and horse sacrifice
  3. Promoted the growth of Vaishnavism and Sanskrit
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12
Q

who were the Satavahannas

A

started ruling independently after the decline of mauryans.

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13
Q

what are Satavahannas also known as

A

Andhra

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14
Q

which book mentions the Satavahanas

A

Puranas

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15
Q

which inscriptions talk of Satavahanas

A

Nasik and Nanghad talk about the reign of Gautamiputra Satakarni

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16
Q

founder of Satavahana dynasty, his successors

A

Simuka, succeeded by Krishna, then Sri Satakarni

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17
Q

religion of satavahanas

A

Hindu religion and the Brahmanical caste.

Generosity towards other castes and religions. Many Buddhist monasteries were constructed during their rule.

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18
Q

who is hala and why is he famous

A

a later SAT king
famous for his book Gathasaptasati, aka Sattasai.
Contained 700 verses in prakrit

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19
Q

greatest Satavahana ruler is, inscription he is talked of in

A

Gautamiputra Satakarni
He is talked about in the Nasik inscription

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20
Q

Gautamiputra Satakarni was succeeded by

A

His son, Vashishtaoutra Pulamayi

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21
Q

coins with image of what were issued in SATA

A

Ships, showcasing their naval prowess

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22
Q

last great ruler of Satavahanas

A

Yajna Sri Satakarni

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23
Q

economic conditions during SAT

A

Progress in trade and industry
merchants organised themselves in guilds, later even craftsmen
silver coins called Karshapanas were used for trade
High overseas commercial activity, hence many ports in deccan

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24
Q

what are the silver coins under SATS known as

A

Karshnapalas

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25
Q

what does Ptolemy mention vis a vis SATS

A

Many ports of Deccan

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26
Q

Name the ports under SATS

A

Kalyani
Gandakasela
Ganjam

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27
Q

Cultural contributions of SATS

A

SATS patronised Buddhism and Brahmanism
Built chaityas and viharas
gave land to buddhist monks
Revived asvamedha and rajasuya sacrifices
also patronised prakrit language- Hala’s Sattasai

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28
Q

which stupa did Vashishtputra Pulmayi repair

A

Amravathi stupa

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29
Q

what were the foreign invasions that took place post mauryans

A

Bactrians
Parthians
Sakas
Kushanas

30
Q

first bactrian ruler to invade indian territory

A

Demetrius [greek]

31
Q

commanders appointed by Demetrius

A

Appolodotus- marched upto Ujjain
Menander-rule extended upto Mathura and attempted to capture Patliputra

32
Q

who stopped Menander from capturing Pataliputra

A

Vasumitra Sunga

33
Q

Capital of menanders kingdom

A

Sakala [Sialkot]

34
Q

what is Milindapanho, in which lang, author

A

'’Questions of Milinda/Menander’’ in Pali, by Buddhist monk Nagasena

35
Q

religion of menander/ milinda

A

Embraced buddhism

36
Q

who was Heliodorus

A

greek embassador became a Vaishnavite

37
Q

pillar erected by Heliodorus

A

Garuda pillar at Besnagar

38
Q

Who were Sakas

A

aka Scythians
they attacked bactria and parthia and captured them from greek rulers

39
Q

divisions in sakas

A

Northern Satraps- ruling from Taxila
Western Satraps- ruling over Maharashtra

40
Q

founder of Saka rule in India and his successor

A

Maues, succeeded by Azes I

41
Q

who founded the Vikram era

A

Azes I

42
Q

who were Kushanas, were originally from

A

branch of Yuchi tribe whose original home was central asia

43
Q

kushanas ruled majorly over

A

Gandhara region [NK Pak] till Mathura

44
Q

founder of kushanas

A

Kujula Kadphises or Kadphises I

45
Q

religion of Kadphises II

A

devotee of lord shiva

46
Q

who was the founder of the Saka era

A

Kanishka

47
Q

Saka era starts from when

A

78 AD

48
Q

Kanishka conquered till where

A

afghanistan, gandhara, kashmir, sindh, punjab and as far as patliputra

Gandhara in W to Benaras in E
Kashmir in N to malwa in S

49
Q

which source mentions that kanishka invaded kashmir

A

Kalhana

50
Q

which book has Kalhana written

A

Rajatarangini on kings of kashmir

51
Q

which king fought against the chinese

A

Kanishka

52
Q

describe kanishk’s conquest with chinese

A

firstly was defeated by chinese general Pancho
in 2nd expedition, scored a victory over Panyang [Pancho’s son]

53
Q

capital of kanishka

A

Purushapura/ peshawar

54
Q

religion of kanishka

A

embraced buddhism

55
Q

coins of kanishka exhibit

A

images of buddha along with greek gods and hindu gods

reflects kanishka’s tolerance towards other religion

56
Q

type of buddhism during kanishka’s time

A

Mahayana Buddhism was in vogue
buddha was worshipped with garments, perfumes, lamps and flowers

57
Q

kanishka’s contribution to buddhism

A

sent missionaries to central asia and china for propagation of buddhism

he patronised scholars like Vasumitra, Asvaghosha, Nagarjuna

convened the fourth buddhist council at Kundalavana monastry near srinagar, the council prepared commentary on tripitakas and mahayana doctrine was given final shape

58
Q

who had patronised Charaka

A

kanishka

59
Q

who was Charaka

A

famous physician of ancient india

60
Q

where did Gandhadhara school of art originate

A

around peshawar in NW India

61
Q

Gandhara art was its peak when

A

2nd century AD

62
Q

How and when did Gandhara art originate

A

originated during the reign of Indo- greek ruler but the real patrons were the sakas and kushanas

63
Q

what is gandhara school of art about

A

blend of indian and graeco- roman elements

made scupltures of the buddha in various sizes, postures and shapes. They depict his birth, renunciation and preaching.

64
Q

what are the features of gandhara art

A
  1. Mould human body in a realistic manner with minute attention to detail like muscles, moustaches and hair
  2. Thick drapery with large and bold fold lines
  3. Elaborate ornamentation and symbolic expressions
  4. Main theme was Mahayana Buddhism

stupas of this time had a graeco roman architectural influence as height of the stupa was raised and ornamentation was added

65
Q

when did mathura school of art flourish

A

1st century AD

66
Q

FEATURES OF MATHURA ART

A

Buddha images exhibit the spiritual feeling, this was largely absent in gandhara school

Mathura school also carved out imgs of siva and vishnu along with their consorts parvathi and lakshmi

also carved yakshinis and apsaras beautifully

67
Q

who succeeded kanishka

A

his son huvishka

68
Q

last important kushana ruler

A

Vasudeva, though the kushana empire was very much reduced in his rule

69
Q

whom did vasudeva worship

A

siva

70
Q

who authored Buddhacharita

A

Asvagosha

71
Q

capital during Azes I was

A

Taxila

Ancient History (8 decks)

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