Post Midterm Concepts Flashcards
(321 cards)
1
Q
*5.ch
A
character
2
Q
*5.the
A
there
3
Q
*5.ou
A
ought
4
Q
*5.wh
A
where
5
Q
*5.th
A
through
6
Q
*45.u
A
upon
7
Q
*45.the
A
these
8
Q
*45.wh
A
whose
9
Q
*45w
A
word
10
Q
*45.th
A
those
11
Q
character
A
*5.ch
12
Q
there
A
*5.the
13
Q
ought
A
*5.ou
14
Q
where
A
*5.wh
15
Q
through
A
*5.th
16
Q
upon
A
*45.u
17
Q
these
A
*45.the
18
Q
whose
A
*45.wh
19
Q
word
A
*45w
20
Q
those
A
*45th
21
Q
When can you use upon, these, those, and whose as part of another word?
A
When their meanings are retained
22
Q
When can you use “word” as part of another word?
A
Always!
23
Q
cannot
A
*456c
24
Q
many
A
*456m
25
their
*456the
26
had
*456h
27
spirit
*456s
28
world
*456w
29
*456w
world
30
*456s
spirit
31
*456h
had
32
*456the
their
33
*456c
cannot
34
*456m
many
35
Can you use *45u (upon) in coupon?
NO
36
above
abv
37
across
acr
38
according
ac
39
afternoon
afn
40
afterward
afw
41
almost
alm
42
already
alr
43
also
al
44
altogether
alt
45
always
alw
46
neither
nei
47
itself
xf
48
perhaps
p.er.h
49
necessary
nec
50
together
tgr
51
tgr
together
52
nec
necessary
53
p.er.h
perhaps
54
xf
itself
55
nei
neither
56
alw
always
57
alt
altogether
58
al
also
59
alr
already
60
alm
almost
61
afw
afterward
62
afn
afternoon
63
acr
across
64
When a choice must be made between two consecutive contractions, preference is given to the contraction that...
most nearly approximates the correct pronounciation
65
What is the rule for when *456.h can be used?
*456.h can be used when the "a" is short
66
What are some names that might need the grade 1 indicator before them to avoid confusion with shortform words?
Ab or Al
67
When can the following shortform words be used as parts of other words? blind, first, friend, good, letter, little, and quick
They may be used when they begin the word and are not followed by a vowel or letter y
68
When can you use the shortforms for braille and great in other words?
When the longer word stands alone (preceded and followed by a space, hyphen or dash)
69
When can the shortform for children be used in other words?
It can be used at all times unless followed by the letter y
70
Can you use BL in blinded?
No, it would be read as "bled"
71
Can you use FR in befriended?
No, it must be used at the beginning
72
Can you use AF in aftereffect?
No, it is followed by a vowel
73
Can you use BL in blinding?
No, it would be read as "bling"
74
Can you AF in rafters?
No, it must be used at the beginning
75
named
*5n.d (don't add ed, just d!)
76
littlest
l.l.st
77
brailled
b.r.l.d (no ed - don't get tricked!)
78
timer
*t.r (no er - don't get tricked!)
79
wherever
wh.er.*e (use ever, not here)
80
partial
*p.i.a.l (not sure why the book though this was tricky...)
81
brailler
b.r.l.r (no er - don't get tricked!)
82
naming
n.a.m.ing (don't try to use *5n- there is no e in naming)
83
littler
l.l.r (don't add er, only needs an r)
84
braillist
b.r.a.i.l.l.i.st (don't use brl - no e in braillist)
85
timed
*t.d (no ed, don't get tricked!)
86
hashtag/crosshatch/pound sign
456/1456
87
ampersand (&)
4/and
88
copyright (symbol)
45/c (space before)
89
trademark (symbol)
45/t (no space before)
90
registered (symbol)
45/r (no space before)
91
What's the rule for using "here" and "name" in longer words?
"here" and "name" can be used when they are pronounced as one syllable
92
Can you use GD in Mr. Goode?
NO
93
Can you use BRL in brailling?
NO - there is no e
94
Can you use *5the in ethereal?
NO
95
Can you use *45u in coupon?
NO - the meaning of upon is not retained
96
Can you use *45the in theses
NO - the meaning of these is not retained
97
be
23
98
enough
26
99
his
236
100
in
35
101
was
356
102
were
2356
103
When can you NOT use the lower wordsigns (his, were, was, be)
You cannot use the lower wordsigns when in contact with punctuation.
104
Can you use the lower wordsigns (in, his, enough, were, was, be) after typeform indicators?
Yes, you can, since they use the top dots.
105
When can you use punctuation and the word "enough"?
You can use "enough" with punctuation if the sequence includes a sign with an upper dot (even if not directly before or after).
106
What are the two lower wordsigns that can be in a sequence with punctuation as long as there is a sign with an upper dot?
enough, in
107
What are the lower wordsigns that cannot be used with punctuation?
was, his, be, were
108
declare
d.c.l
109
deceive
d.c.v
110
perceive
p.er.c.v
111
receive
r.c.v
112
rejoice
r.j.c
113
declaring
d.c.l.g
114
deceiving
d.c.v.g
115
perceiving
p.er.c.v.g
116
receiving
r.c.v.g
117
rejoicing
r.j.c.g
118
d.c.l.g
declaring
119
d.c.v.g
deceiving
120
p.er.c.v.g
perceiving
121
r.c.v.g
receiving
122
r.j.c.g
rejoicing
123
d.c.l
declare
124
d.c.v
deceive
125
p.er.c.v
perceive
126
r.c.v
receive
127
r.j.c
rejoice
128
What is the rule for using be, were, his, and was wordsigns?
These lower signs can be used when they stand alone, and cannot be in contact with any punctuation that has only lower dots. (capital indicators don't count!)
129
Was that his? - can you use lower wordsign "was" ?
YES - "was" is not in contact with any punctuation containing lower wordsigns
130
"Was that his?" - can you use lower wordsign "was"?
NO - "was" is adjacent to quotation marks, which only use the lower dots
131
What is the rule for using the lower wordsign enough?
You can use EN for "enough" with lower punctuation as long as the sequence includes a sign with an upper dot.
132
What is the rule for using lower wordsign in?
You can use IN for "in" with lower punctuation as long as the sequence includes a sign with an upper dot.
133
renew
r.en.e.w
134
denote
d.en.o.t.e
135
antinovel
a.n.t.in.o.v.e.l
136
forenoon
for.e.n.o.o.n
137
toenail
t.o.e.n.a.i.l
138
How many lower signs can be together?
No limit to number of lower signs that can be together, as long as one of them has a dot 1 or 4.
139
There is enough! Can you use EN for enough?
NO - it would only have lower signs in the sequence.
140
What is the rule for using lower groupsigns be, con, dis? (5 rules)
They must form the first syllable of a word, and must be followed by a letter or contraction. They cannot be used immediately before a hyphen. They cannot be at the beginning of a braille line after a word is divided at the end of a line. They cannot be followed by a capital indicator.
141
bell
b.e.l.l
142
beckon
b.e.c.k.o.n
143
cones
c.*5.o.s
144
connect
con.n.e.c.t
145
coney
c.*5.o.y
146
disc
d.i.s.c
147
non-believer - can you use BE lower groupsign?
YES
148
BeLinda - can you use BE lower groupsign?
NO - followed by a capital
149
Can you use CON lower groupsign in Conn.?
YES - it would be used in the unabbreviated form, and it is followed by at least one letter.
150
Can you use CON in cont? (abbreviation for continued)
YES - it would be used in the unabbreviated form, and it is followed by at least one letter.
151
Can you use CON in Con. (for consolidated)?
NO - even though it would be used in the word consolidated, the abbreviation must have one additional letter to use CON.
152
What is the rule for using bb, cc, ff, gg, ea?
You can use them when the letters they represent are preceded and followed by a letter or contraction. Do not use them when they are preceded or followed by a capital indicator.
153
egg
e.g.g
154
tea
t.e.a
155
cuff
c.u.f.f
156
SeaWorld
S.e.a.World - can't use EA because there is a capital letter following
157
What is the rule regarding EA and prefixes?
You cannot use EA when bridging a prefix and the remainder of the word, though it can be followed by a suffix.
158
Can you use EA in deactivate?
NO - bridges prefix/root
159
Can you use EA in preamble?
NO - bridges prefix/root
160
Can you use EA in agreeable?
NO - bridges prefix/root
161
Which has preference - strong groupsigns or lower groupsigns?
strong groupsigns have preference (ch, sh, th...)
162
When would you use a lower groupsign in preference to a initial-letter contraction?
When the same amount of space is saved.
163
When are be, con, and dis in preference to other groupsigns?
When they form the first syllable of a word.
164
When can you NOT use be, con, and dis?
They cannot stand alone as syllables at the beginning of a line in a divided word, and cannot be in contact with a hyphen in a divided or syllabized word.
165
What is the rule for ea, bb, cc, ff, gg and compound words?
They can be the first or second part of a compound word, but not divided between them
166
Can you use EA in hideaway?
NO - split across compound words
167
Can you use BB in dumbbell?
NO - split across compound words
168
because
be.c
169
before
be.f
170
behind
be.h
171
below
be.l
172
beneath
be.n
173
beside
be.s
174
between
be.t
175
beyond
be.y
176
conceive
con.c.v
177
conceiving
con.c.v.g
178
be.c
because
179
be.f
before
180
be.h
behind
181
be.l
below
182
be.n
beneath
183
be.s
beside
184
be.t
between
185
be.y
beyond
186
conceive
con.c.v
187
conceiving
con.c.v.g
188
subscript
grade 1 indicator/26
189
superscript
grade 1 indicator/35
190
Finish this rule: When two or more lower signs follow one another without being in contact with an upper sign...
... the final lower groupsign must not be used
191
Can be, con, and dis be used before an apostrophe?
NO
192
True or False? A lower wordsign may not follow the capital dot, because two lower signs may not be used together.
FALSE - the capital dot is not considered a lower sign
193
True or False? In "dreary" use the ar sign because strong groupsigns are used in preference to lower-cell groupsigns if an equal amount of space is saved.
TRUE - this rule also applies in preference for CH over CC, and FOR over FF
194
True or False? The sign CON may never be used in the medial position, because it would be confused with CC.
TRUE - CON can only be used at the beginning of a word
195
True or False? If "muffin" were followed by a colon, the IN sign should not be used, because there would then be three lower signs in direct contact with each other.
FALSE - any number of lower groupsigns can be used together, as long as there is a dot 1 or 4 in the sequence
196
True or False? Dots 256 are identified in meaning only by their relation to other characters.
TRUE - 256 at the beginning of a word is DIS, and in the middle and end of the word is a decimal or period.
197
True or False? The sign for CON may be used as long as it represents the first three letters of the word.
FALSE - CON must also be the first syllable of a word and must be followed by a letter or contraction
198
True or False? The sign for BE may be used as long as it represents a complete syllable.
FALSE - BE must stand for the FIRST syllable.
199
True or False? Whenever there is a choice, the sign for CH is used in preference to the sign for CC.
TRUE - use strong groupsigns over lower groupsigns
200
True or False? When the word bidden is followed by a comma, the EN sign may not be used.
FALSE - any number of lower signs may be used as long as one is in contact with dots 1 or 4, which the letter "b" would fulfill
201
True or False? When there is a choice, the sign for FOR is used in preference to the sign for FF.
TRUE - use strong groupsigns over lower groupsigns
202
True or False? The sign for EA may not be used at the beginning of the word unless preceded by another word in a compound word.
TRUE - the EA sign cannot be used at the beginning of a word, but can be used in compound words like "southeast" or "motheaten"
203
True or False? The EA sign and the double-letter signs may not be used at the end of a root or base word even when followed by a suffix.
FALSE - they may be used a the end of a root word if followed by a suffix
204
True or False? Only two lower wordsigns may follow in sequence.
FALSE - any number may be used as long as one of the signs in the sequence uses dot 1 or 4
205
True or False? The signs for con, be, and dis may only be used at the beginning of a word and may not be used when preceded by any letters.
TRUE - they can only be used when at the beginning of a word, make up the first syllable, and are followed by a letter or contraction
206
True or False? The meaning of the character formed by dots 3-5-6 is determined only by its position relative to other characters.
TRUE - standing alone, it is "was", at the end of a word it is closing quotation marks
207
True or False? You can use the contraction for "were" after an open parenthesis symbol.
TRUE - opening parenthesis uses dot 1 so WERE can be used.
208
True or False? You can use the lower groupsign FF in the name CliffSide.
FALSE - do not use the lower groupsigns when preceded or followed by a capital indicator
209
True or False? The signs for EN and IN may be used in the final position within a word because these characters have not been assigned any meaning as punctuation marks.
TRUE - the contractions for EN and IN can be used in any position in words
210
True or False? The EA sign is used in preference to the AR sign.
FALSE - the AR sign has preference over EA
211
True or False? When the word "shut-ins" is divided between two lines, you can use the IN groupsign on the next line.
TRUE - when a hyphenated word is divided, retain the use of the contractions unless the sequence would result in only lower signs
212
befriended
be.f.r.i.en.d.ed
213
blessed
b.less.ed
214
beforehand
be.f.h.and
215
above-mentioned
a.b.v.-.m.en.tion.ed
216
reverence
r.*5.e.ence
217
atoned
a.t.o.n.ed
218
air-conditioned
a.i.r-con.d.i.tion.ed
219
cancellation
c.ance.l.l.a.tion
220
thence
th.ence
221
kilowatt
k.i.l.o.w.a.t.t
222
mustard
m.st.ar.d
223
coniferous
c.o.n.i.f.er.ou.s
224
commentary
c.o.m.ment.ar.y
225
ful
56/123(l)
226
ment
56/t
227
ong
56/g
228
ity
56/y
229
ound
46/d
230
ount
46/t
231
sion
46/n
232
tion
56/n
233
less
46/s
234
ness
56/s
235
parallel symbol
number indicator/123 (l) - no gr 1 indicator
236
perpendicular symbol
number indicator/36 - no gr 1 indicator
237
shape indicator
gr 1 indicator/1246/numeric indicator
238
triangle
gr 1/1246/numeric indicator/14(number 3 for 3 sides)
239
square
gr 1/1246/numeric indicator/145(number 4 for 4 sides)
240
circle
gr 1/shape indicator/123456 (note- no numeric indicator)
241
shape terminator (if no space after shape name)
156
242
Where does the shape terminator go?
Immediately after the shape name (ABC) if there is no space following
243
What needs to come before the "shape indicator"?
Grade 1 symbol
244
Which shape doesn't need the numeric indicator?
circle
245
assignment
a.s.s.i.g.n.ment
246
discuss
dis.c.u.s.s.
247
accent grave \
45/ch
248
accent acute /
45/st
249
accent circumflex ^
45/sh
250
accent cedilla
45/and
251
accent tilde
45/er
252
umlaut
45/colon
253
Where should you place the accent sign?
before the accented letter
254
In a capital letter, where do you place the accent sign?
Between the capital dot and the letter (one of the only cases in which the capital dot is separated from the letter)
255
Can a modified letter be part of a contraction?
NO
256
screeched
s.c.r.e.e.ch.ed (no ee - no such thing!)
257
Which symbols do NOT terminate the number indicator? (6)
ten digits, period, comma, numeric space-digit symbol, simple numeric fraction line, two line continuation indicators
258
Which symbols terminate the number indicator? (7)
hyphen, dash, colon, letter, parentheses, slash/oblique sign, space
259
H.E.B.
cap/h/period/cap/e/period/cap/b/period
260
ditto mark
5/2
261
tally mark
456
262
4 tally marks with strike through
456/456/456/456/25
263
line continuation indicator
*5
264
line continuation indicator without comma
5/5
265
numeric space indicator
*5
266
general fraction indicator - open
gr 1(often)/12356
267
general fraction indicator - close
gr 1(if after a letter, not if in numeric mode)/23456
268
long dash
5/6/36
269
underscore/low line
46/36
270
backslash
456/16
271
paragraph
45/p
272
section sign
45/s
273
tilde/swung slash
4/35
274
How many low line symbols would you use? D_ _ I
2
275
How many low line symbols would you use? D______M
1
276
When is the long dash used?
When the text already contains a regular dash
277
G-d
gr1/cap/g/-/gr 1/d
278
stoned
st.o.n.ed
279
intoned
in.t.o.n.ed
280
been
b.e.en
281
around
ar.ound
282
Tennessee
T.en.ness.ee
283
France
F.r.ance
284
among
a.m.ong
285
call 1 800...
1*5.800
286
C-O-X
gr1.gr1.cap.c.-.cap.o.-.cap.x
287
e-mail
gr1.e.-.m.a.i.l
288
Hm (like a thinking sound)
gr1.cap.h.m.
289
X-rays
gr1.cap.x.-.r.a.y.s
290
begin
be.g.in
291
amount
a.m.ount
292
phoned
p.h.o.n.ed (no *5 o)
293
near
n.e.ar
294
ful
56.l
295
Does a number terminate a capital word indicator?
| TOYS4KIDS
Yes - so in a word with a number, the capital indicator must be repeated after the number (TOYS4KIDS)
296
Does a hyphen terminate a capital word indicator? (SELF-ADVOCACY)
Yes - so in a word that includes a hyphen the capital indicator must be repeated after the hyphen (SELF-ADVOCACY)
297
How would you indicate capitals for FIRESale?
cap.capf.i.r.e.cap.s.a.l.e
298
How would you indicate capitals for JPMorgan?
cap.cap.j.p.cap.m.o.r.g.a.n
299
If two unspaced hyphens are used in place of a dash, how should you braille?
Substitute a dash for the two hyphens, unless it is clear that the hyphens stand for two missing letters from a word.
300
Does a dash terminate a capital word indicator?
Yes.
301
Is a numeric indicator terminated by a comma?
NO
302
Is a numeric indicator terminated by a period?
NO
303
Is a numeric indicator terminated by a space?
YES
304
Is a numeric indicator terminated by a hyphen?
YES
305
Is a numeric indicator terminated by a colon?
YES
306
Is a numeric indicator terminated by a dash?
YES
307
When does the two-cell sign ENCE take preference over one-cell signs?
When followed by an a , d, or r.
308
silencer - ENCE or ER?
s.i.l.ence.r
309
fenced - ENCE or ED?
f.ence.d
310
Can ANCE be used in ancestor?
No, because final-letter groupsigns cannot begin a word
311
Can final-letter groupsigns be preceded by a hyphen after a line break?
NO
312
Can final-letter groupsigns follow a capital letter indicator?
NO
313
What are 5 words that end in ITY that you can't use ITY?
Dacoity, fruity, hoity-toity, biscuity, rabbity
314
Should you use NESS when it's being used as a feminine ending for a word ending in en or in?
NO - baroness, chieftainess - they do NOT use the NESS ending.
315
How is the naming of a shape (triangle/square) different in Nemeth and UEB?
In Nemeth, a triangle would have cap.a.cap.b.cap.c but in UEB it would be cap.cap.a.b.c
316
Can you use *5P in Parthenon?
NO, it would distort the sound of the word
317
Can you use *5M in chemotherapy?
NO, it would distort the sound of the word
318
Can you use *5H in heretic?
NO, it would distort the sound of the word
319
Can you use *456H in shadow?
NO, it would distort the sound of the word
320
If the letters "here " are followed by -, -, or _, you would NOT use the *5 contraction, since strong wordsigns have preference over initial letter contractions.
d, n, r (ed, en, er)
321
If the letters"one" are followed by -, -, or -, you would NOT use the *5 contraction, since strong wordsigns have preference over initial letter contractions.
d, n, r (ed, en, er)
