Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

JJ > Post Op Care COPY > Flashcards

Post Op Care COPY Flashcards

(91 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

define pre-operative

A

before surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is involved in the pre-operative period?

A

any prior preparation, premedication up until the point of induction of general anaesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is involved in the peri operative period?

A

operative period from the start of genera anaesthesia until the patient wakes up form inhaled anaesthesia or anaesthesia is antagonised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the post operative period?

A

return to normal after general anaesthesia and surgery, during which the patient must be monitored closely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

when does the recovery period end?

A

when a full level of consciousness is present and physiological values have been normailised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why is the post op period so important?

A

period of greatest risk during anaesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a major contributory factor to mortality of animals in the recovery period?

A

a lack of continuous monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where should the patient be transferred to for recovery?

A

clean, dry, comfy and quiet kennel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

why must the recovery area be safe?

A

in case of thrashing, dysphoria or aggression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when can close monitoring of the recovering patient end?

A

until the animal is able to remain in sternal recumbancy unaided

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when should the ET tube be removed in dogs?

A

when the animal is starting to swallow or move the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when must cats be extubated?

A

earlier than dogs - when blink reflex returns as they are prone to laryngeal spasm - fatal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what should you do following extubation to ensure the airway remains patent?

A

extend the neck and head, pull the tongue forwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is different about extubating brachycephallic breeds?

A

may benefit from tube remaining in place until in sternal recumbancy to aid breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what will slow a patients recovery?

A

low temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what can be placed in the kennel in order to warm the patient?

A

hot hands
hot water bottles
heat pads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what parameters should be monitored in the recovering patient?

A

TPR
MM
lung auscultation
CRT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is monitoring of the recovering patient looking for?

A

signs of haemorrhage or other complicatiosn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

when may blood pressure be monitored in the recovering patient?

A

digital pulses or using doppler in a patient who you are concerned about - should have an idea of BP and its trend from peri-operative monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

does IVFT always need to continue post operatively?

A

only if animal is at risk - most cna come off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what animals are likely to need to stay on IVFT through recovery?

A

animals at risk of kidney injury or CKD
sick animals (e.g. pyometra)
low perioperative BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what makes pain assessment in the post op period difficult?

A

determining dysphoria vs pain
animals level of sedation (unable to respond normally)
species differences (e.g. cats and rabbits)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what can we use to assess pain?

A

GPS
CMPS - Feline
Rabbit grimace scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

when should water be made available to patients?

A

as soon as the animals is able to hold themselves in sternal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what will be fed following most routine operations?
soft bland food
26
when will most animals be fed following routine surgery?
soon after they have fully regained consciousness and seem capable of eating
27
what is different about feeding cats in hospital?
some cats will be reluctant to eat in hospital which is not necessarily a concern
28
why is it a priority to get rabbits eating ASAP following surgery?
to prevent gut stasis
29
when should rabbits be syringe fed if they are not eating by themselves?
within 2 hours of surgery
30
what will wounds be covered with?
mostly surgical wounds will be covered with a dressing e.g. primapore
31
why is a buster collar usually necessary as soon as the patient is transfurred to the kennel?
to prevenet interference
32
what cna be used as an alternative to the buster collar?
medical vest
33
when should dogs be walked following surgery?
when able to stand and move comfortably
34
is defecation expected soon after surgery?
no - some animals may have diarrhoea which should be monitored
35
when should special attention be paid to urination?
following any surgery involving the urogenital tract (e.g. bitch spay) in case of complication
36
why should rabbits droppings be monitored?
as an indication of gut motility / stasis
37
how can gut stasis in rabbits be prevented?
lowering of stress provide fresh hay, pellets and favorite foods at all times syringe feed if not eating
38
how can you lower rabbits stress while in practice?
ensure quiet ward away from predators (including smell of them if possible!) bring the other half of their bonded pair with them ensure hiding places available
39
how can you ensure that you are monitoring the recovering rabbits faeces?
set up a partition in kennel so that rabbits can see each other but you are able to see individual rabbits droppings seperately
40
why should eye lube be continued post operatively in rabbits?
as they are more likely to end up with eye ulcers due to mask use
41
what medication may be given to rabbits to reduce gut stasis risk?
pro-kinetics
42
how should pain be recognised?
``` pain scales facial expression behaviour inappaetance reluctance to move ```
43
how is pain managed?
pain relief
44
how is post op haemorrhage recognised?
``` slow CRT pale MM low BP tachycardia lethargy dull behavour ```
45
how will post op haemorrhage be managed?
likely to require surgical management and exploration
46
how can aspiration pneumonia be recognised?
fluid from nose (esp. cats) crackles on lung auscultation dyspnoea
47
what patients are more at risk from aspiration pneumonia?
dentals vomiting / regurgitating brachycephallic breeds long surgeries
48
how should aspiration pneumonia be managed?
need close monitoring (TPR) and oxygen care with IVFT so that the problem is not made worse vet may prescribe antibiotics and diuretics to help clear the lungs of fluid
49
how should a patient that is taking a while to recover be managed?
ensure adequate temperature consider antagonising any drugs still acting monitor closely
50
how is gut stasis recognised?
lack of faeces production and inappetance | no borborygmi sounds (unreliable)
51
what patients can gut stasis be seen in?
possible in any patients post op but most likely in abdominal patients and rabbits
52
how should gut stasis be managed?
manage complicating factors (e.g. pain) promotility agents IVFT careful monitoring
53
how is wound breakdown (dehiscence) recognised?
strike through dressing material | sutures may be disrupted
54
how can wound breakdown (dehiscence) be managed?
may require surgery
55
how should aggressive / dysphoric animals in recovery be managed?
anticipate before waking from GA - replace muzzle, buster collar or vest on, ensure secure IV
56
how can a crashing patient be recognised?
bradycardia apnoea non-responsive
57
how should a crashing in the recovery period be managed?
initiate CPR get help ALS
58
what are the 4 most common medications given in the post op period?
pain relief anti emetics antibiotics probiotics/kaolin
59
when is opioid analgesia frequently used?
in routine surgeries
60
what level of pain is methadone used for?
severe
61
what are the routes of administration for methadone?
IV IM SC
62
what is the duration of action of methadone?
4 hrs
63
what level of pain is buprenorphine used for?
moderate
64
what are the routes of administration for buprenorphine?
IV IM SC sublingual (cats
65
what is the duration of action of buprenorphine?
6-12 hours
66
what level of pain is fentanyl used for?
severe
67
what are the routes of administration of fentanyl?
IV or dural patch
68
how long can a fentanyl patch take to reach full onset?
24 hours
69
why must animal not lick or chew a fentanyl patch?
risk of overdose
70
what are the main side effects of opioids?
``` all should be transient - respiratory depression bradycardia panting salivation vocalisation urination defication ```
71
how long do NSAID injections usually last?
24 hours
72
what is the route of most NSAID injections?
SC
73
what must be checked if giving NSAIDs post op?
ensure adequate BP to avoid renal damage
74
when are NSAIDs most often given?
peri-operatively
75
what are 2 examples of NSAIDs?
metacam | carprofen
76
what are the main side effects of NSAIDs?
mostly transient GI effects (vomiting or diarrhoea) lethargy renal failure vary rarely more serious e.g. gastric ulcers
77
are anti emetics always used?
not usually but will be used if signs of nausea present
78
what are the main examples of anti-emetics?
maropitant (Cerinia) raniridine metaclopramide
79
what are the routes of administration of Maropitant (Cerinia)?
SC IV PO
80
what anti emetics are also pro-mobility agents?
Ranitidine | Metaclopramide
81
what are the signs of nausea?
lip licking hypersalivation crouched positon inappetance
82
what are the side effects of Cerenia?
pain on SC injection
83
what are the side effects of ranitidine?
hyotension weakness cardiac arrhythmia (IV administration)
84
what are the side effects of metoclopramide?
rare - behavioural changes, sedation
85
when are antibiotics most commonly used post operatively?
orthopedic procedures sick patients surgeries lasting over 2 hours dental disease or wound infection where they form part of treatment plan (most likely PO)
86
what are the main IV antibiotics?
synuclav cephalosporin metronidazole
87
what are the side effects of metronidazole?
vomiting and neuro side effects (e.g. seizures)
88
what are the side effects of amoxy-clav?
nausea diarrhoea skin rashes
89
are probiotics/kaolin routinely used post op?
not unless diarrhoea in the post op period
90
what is the role of probiotics / kaolin?
binds faeces and puts good bacteria back into gut
91
what animals are probiotics / kaolin good for before and after surgery?
rabbits

JJ (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions