Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards
(42 cards)
protection of kidneys
which is lower?
superior via ribs
R lower than L
where do they run spatially?
T11-L3
urinary organs in abdomen vs. pelvis
abdomen: kidneys, ureters
pelvis: urinary bladder, urethra
hilus location, contents
medial
renal artery/vein
path of urine
renal pyramid –> papilla (tip) –> minor calyx –> major calyx (several minor) –> renal pelvis –> ureter –> bladder
what layers do you pass through from ext to int
trasversalis fascia –> pararenal fat –> renal fascia –> perirenal fat –> renal capsule –> kidney
kidney –> renal capsule –> perirenal fat –> renal fascia –> pararenal fat –> transversalis
kidney blood supply?
one artery per kidney (sometimes 2)
level with SMA –> renal arteries branch from aorta
renal vein course?
what other 2 veins does the L receive?
R renal vein goes straight to IVC
L must run under SMA to get to IVC (also receives L adrenal and L gonadal??)
clinical problem w L renal vein
what’s the name of the syndrome?
if gap too small under SMA, venous blood backs up into L kidney, and down into the gonadal vein (PELVIC PAIN)
SMA syndrome –> NUTCRACKER
how do ureters enter bladder wall?
oblique angle, openings press back against vessel
sympathetics 3 target organs
body wall
viscera
adrenal medulla
body wall: pre/postsynaptic CB location?
lateral horn T1-L2
paravertebral chain ganglion (exits via gray ramus)
arrector pilli, BV, sweat glands
viscera (pre/post)
splanchnics (pre or post)
lateral horn T1-L2
post thoracic: paraV chain gang, cardiopulmonary splanch (post-syn)
abd/pelv: PREvertebral collateral gang
medulla
CB in lateral horn T1-L2
axon enters chain via white ramus, exit symp trunk via GREATER thoracic splanch (no synapse), synapse dir with chromaffin cells
preaortic aka pre vertebral aka collateral ganglia form which plexus?
preaortic plexus
ganglia named after BV’s
celiac
superior mesenteric
inferior mesenteric
aorticorenal ganglion (by renal arteries)
visceral pain fibers travel with?
sympathetic fibers
parasympathetics
2 sources, where are the CB’s?
vagus & pelvic splanchnics (only splanchs that are not sympathetic)
presynaptic CB’s (BS or SC S2-S4)
post-syn in terminal ganglia
vagus nerve plexuses (contain what 3 types of fibers?)
cardiopulmonary plexus (PS, S, VS) esophageal plexus (PS, S, VS)
vagus supplies what structures?
thru midgut to L colic flexure (pre-G)
pelvic splanchnic supply what?
hindgut & pelvic organs (pre-G)
leave via sacral spinal nerves
preaortic plexuses (5) & fibers (4)
CB’s are sympathetic PG
fibers are pre&post symp, pre gang PS, VS
plexuses: celiac, SM, aorticorenal, IM, sup hypogastric
anterior/posterior vagal trunk sends to?
both branch along lesser curvature
ant sens to liver and duodenum via lesser O
post sends to post up to end of midgut (L colic flex) via celiac ganglia (no synapse here)
superior hypogastric plexus sits where?
on top of aortic bifurcation
