Posterior Thigh and Popliteal Fossa

Question 1

origin of semitendinous muscle

Answer 1

ischial tuberosity

Question 2

insertion of semitendinous muscle

Answer 2

anteromedial aspect of superior tibia, pes anserinus

Question 3

function semitendinous muscle

Answer 3

extend thigh, flex leg, medially rotate flexed leg

Question 4

innervation of semitendinous muscle

Answer 4

tibial division of sciatic nerve

Question 5

pes anserinus, what is

Answer 5

sartorious muscle, gracillis muscle, semitendinous muscle

Question 6

pes anserine bursitis

Answer 6

inflammation of the anserine bursa located between pes anserinus and the MCL, results in constant, aching pain, aggravated by activity, such as climbing stairs, specifically flexion and internal/medial rotation of the knee

Question 7

origin of semimembranous muscle

Answer 7

ischial tuberosity

Question 8

insertion of semimembranous muscle

Answer 8

posterior part of medial tibial condyle

Question 9

function of semimembranous muscle

Answer 9

extend thigh, flex leg, medially rotate flexed leg

Question 10

innervation of semimembranous muscle

Answer 10

tibial division of sciatic nerve

Question 11

action of semimembranous muscle

Answer 11

medial tibial condyle, oblique popliteal ligament (reinforce intercondylar portion of knee joint capsule), forms part of popliteal fossa floor

Question 12

origin of biceps femoris muscle, long head

Answer 12

ischial tuberosity

Question 13

insertion of biceps femoris muscle, long head

Answer 13

lateral aspect of fibular head

Question 14

function of biceps femoris muscle, long head

Answer 14

extend thigh, flex leg, laterally rotate flexed leg

Question 15

innervation of biceps femoris muscle, long head

Answer 15

tibial division of sciatic nerve

Question 16

origin of biceps femoris muscle, short head

Answer 16

lateral lip of linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line

Question 17

insertion of biceps femoris muscle, short head

Answer 17

lateral aspect of fibular head

Question 18

function of biceps femoris muscle, short head

Answer 18

flex leg, laterally rotate flexed leg

Question 19

innervation of biceps femoris muscle, short head

Answer 19

common fibular division of sciatic nerve

Question 20

what is the adductor magnus muscle

Answer 20

is a broad triangular muscle[1] forming a septum which divides the anterior muscles from the posterior aspect of the thigh. It is the largest muscle in the medial compartment. It lies deep to the adductor brevis and the adductor longus.

Question 21

origin of adductor magnus muscle

Answer 21

ischial tuberosity

Question 22

insertion of adductor magnus muscle

Answer 22

adductor tubercle on medial condyle

Question 23

function of adductor magnus muscle

Answer 23

whole muscle: adduct thigh,

upper fibers: flex thigh

lower fibers: extend thigh

Question 24

innervation of adductor magnus muscle

Answer 24

tibial division of sciatic nerve, upper fibers are posterior division obturator nerve

Question 25

hamstring injury

Answer 25

can be a muscle strain or tear, but can also hamstring tendinopathy

Question 26

what are the grades of hamstring injury

Answer 26

grade 1-small disruption in structural integrity, grade 2 is partial tears with some intact muscle, pain present, definite loss in strength, grade 3, severe, hematoma (blood seeping through),

Question 27

genicular anastomosis

Answer 27

descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery descends anterior thigh, supplies genicular anastomosis, descending genicular artery arises from femoral artery in adductor canal, supplies genicular anastomosis

Question 28

sciatic nerve tibial division comes from what?

Answer 28

L4 to S3

Question 29

common fibular division

Answer 29

L4 to S2

Question 30

boundaries of

Question 31

boundaries of popliteal fossa

Answer 31

superomedially, semimembranous muscle, semitendinous muscle, superolaterally-biceps femoris, inferolaterally-lateral head of gastrocnemius, inferomedially-medial head of gastrocnemius

Question 32

floor of popliteal fossa

Answer 32

popliteal surface of femur, oblique ligament, from semimembranous tendon, posterior division of proximal tibia

Question 33

superficial to deep of popliteal fossa

Answer 33

nerves, popliteal veins, branch and lymph nodes, then thirdly, popliteal artery and branches

Question 34

femoral artery becomes what after passed through adductor hiatus

Answer 34

popliteal artery

Question 35

popliteal artery branches into what

Answer 35

posterior and anterior tibial arteries

Question 36

genicular anastomosis supplies what

Answer 36

articular capsule and ligaments of knee joint

Question 37

popliteal vein becomes femoral vein after transvering adductor hiatus lies superficial to and in the same fibrous sheath as the popliteal artery formed by union of anterior and posterior tibial veins termination point of small saphaenous vein

Answer 37

popliteal vein

Question 38

popliteal vein, what is route

Answer 38

Question 39

tell me about lymphatics at the knee

Answer 39

Question 40

genicular anastomosis supplies what

Answer 40

important collateral circulation, articular capsule, ligaments of knee joint

Question 41

tibial nerve innervates what

Answer 41

posterior leg muscles, knee joint, skin on posterior leg via medial sural cutaneous nerve

Question 42

common fibular nerve

Answer 42

leaves popliteal fossa by passing superficially to the lateral head of gastronemius, winds around head and neck fibula (susceptible to injury) innervates anterior leg muscles via deep fibular nerve lateral leg muscles via superficial fibular nerve skin on posterolateral leg via lateral sural cutaneous nerve

Question 43

sural nerve runs with small saphaneous nerve and does what

Answer 43

composed of medial sural cutaneous nerve (from tibial neve) and sural communicating nerve (from common fibular nerve or lateral sural cutaneous nerve)

Question 44

distal femoral fractures, metaphyseal fractures

Answer 44

transverse fracture across the shaft, most common distal femoral fracture

Question 45

physeal fractures

Answer 45

transverse fracture involving epiphyseal plate

Question 46

distal femoral fractures can do what

Answer 46

posterior displacement can disrupt neurovasculaturem due to close proximity to femur in popliteal fossa cold, pale feet, slow distal capillary refuel nergy injury, motor injury and sensory deficits to dorsal or plantar foot acute compartment syndrome, increased pressure at closed fascial compartment, most commonly due to hemorrhage and/or edema, symptoms include persistent deep ache or burning pain, paresthesia, pain with passive stretch, muscle weakness

Question 47

popliteal (baker's cyst), what is

Answer 47

swelling of popliteal fossa due to enlargement of the gastrocnemius semimembranous bursa