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Gross Anatomy: Unit Four. > Posterior Thigh, Popliteal Fossa And Knee > Flashcards

Posterior Thigh, Popliteal Fossa And Knee Flashcards

(50 cards)

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0
Q

Semitendinosus insertion

A

Medial surface of superior part of tibia

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1
Q

Semitendinosus origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

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2
Q

Semitendious innervation and action

A

-tibial division of sciatic nerve

  • extend hip joint
  • flex knee joint
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3
Q

Semimembranosus origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

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4
Q

Semimembranosus insertion

A

Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia

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5
Q

Semimembranosus innervation and action

A

-tibial division of sciatic nerve

  • extend hip joint
  • flex knee joint
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6
Q

Biceps femoris, long head and short head origin

A

Long: Ischial tuberosity
Short: linea aspera

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7
Q

Biceps femoris, long head and short head insertion

A

Both: Lateral side of head of fibula

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8
Q

Biceps femoris, long head and short head innervation

A

Long: tibial division of sciatic
Short: common fibulae division of sciatic

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9
Q

Biceps femoris, long head and short head action

A

Both: flexes knee joint

Extends hip joint

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10
Q

Patella

A

Sesamoid bone

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11
Q

What are the four muscles of the posterior thigh

A

Short head of biceps femoris
Long head of biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus

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12
Q

What muscles are known as hamstrings

A

Long head of the biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus

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13
Q

What are the common features of hamstring muscles

A
  • Act on two joints
  • Arise deep to gluteus Maximus in the Ischial tuberosity
  • innervates by tibial divisions of sciatic nerve
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14
Q

Boundaries of the popliteal fossa

A

Superior laterally: biceps femoris
Superiormedially: Semimembranosus
Inferiomedially and inferiorlaterally: medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius

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15
Q

Roof of the popliteal fossa

A

Popliteal fossa and skin

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16
Q

Floor of the popliteal fossa

A

Popliteal surface of the femur

Popliteus muscle

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17
Q

Contents of the popliteal fossa

A
  • end of small saphenous vein
  • popliteal artery and vein
  • tibial and common fibular nerves
  • posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
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18
Q

Popliteal artery runs through the popliteal fossa then divides into what?

A

Anterior and posterior tibial arteries

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19
Q

Genicular anastomosis

A
  • provides collateral circulation around knee

- arterial anastomosis of five genicular branches of popliteal artery

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20
Q

Branches of sciatic nerve

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A
  • occurs at the superior angle of the popliteal fossa

- branches into tibial and common fibular nerves

21
Q

Branch of tibial nerve

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A

Medial sural cutaneous nerve

This nerve continues down to produces branches in the foot

22
Q

Why is common fibular nerve a commonly injuried

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A

It winds around the fibular neck making injury more common

23
Q

Branches of common fibular nerve

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A

Sural communicating branch and lateral sural cutaneous

This nerve continues on to give more branches in the leg

24
Sural nerve
- formed by medial sural cutaneous and sural communicating branch - supplies skin on posterior and lateral accepts of leg and lateral side of foot
25
What type of joint is the knee
Hinge synoival joint
26
What are the three articulation of the knee
Two femorotibial articulation (lateral and medial) | One femoropatellar articulation
27
What is a medial and lateral femorotibial articulation
In the knee, between the lateral and medial femoral and tibial condyles
28
What is the femoropatellar articulation
In the knee joint, between the patella and femur
29
What bone of the leg is not involved in the knee joint
Fibula
30
Articularis genu muscle
Pulls on the suprapatellar bursa when the knee is extended
31
Collateral ligaments
- Taut when knee is fully extended | - During increased flexion of knee they premit rotation at knee
32
Lateral collateral ligament
- LCL, fibular collateral ligament | - runs from lateral epicondyle of femur to lateral surface of the head of fibula
33
Medial collateral ligament
- MCL, tibial collateral ligament | - runs from the medial epicondyle of femur to medial condyle of tibia
34
Oblique popliteal ligament
- expansion of the tendon of Semimembranosus - strengthen the joint capsule posteriorly - runs from the posterior medial tibial condyle to the central part of the joint capsule
35
Arcuate popliteal ligament
Posterior fibular head to spreading over the posterior surface of the knee joint
36
Cruciate ligaments
- join the femur and tibia | - crisscross (X)
37
Anterior Cruciate ligament
- ACL - anterior intercondylar area of tibia to the lateral condyle of femur - limits posterior rolling of femoral condyle on the tibial plateau - limits hyper extension of knee
38
Posterior Cruciate ligament
- posterior intercondylar area of tibia to medial condyle of femur - limits anterior rolling of femur on tibial plateau during extension - prevents hyper flexion
39
Menisci of knee joint
- plates of fibrocartilage in the articular surface - deepens the surface and is a shock absorber There's a lateral and medial meniscus (Medial meniscus is attached to the MCL)
40
Posterior meniscofemoral ligament
Joins the lateral meniscus with the PCL and medial femoral condyle
41
Movements of the knee joint
Flexion and extension | Some rotation during flexion
42
Subcutaneous prepatellar and infrapatellar bursae
Allow skin to move freely during knee movements
43
Tibiofibular joint
Two joints: - tibiofibular joint (superior) - tibiofibular syndemosis (Also has the interosseous membrane been the shafts of the two bones)
44
Superior tibiofibular joint
- plane synovial - between the flat facet of fibular head and facet on the lateral tibial condyle - strengthened by anterior and posterior ligaments of the head of fibula
45
Tibiofibular syndemosis
- Compound fibrous joint - important for stabilizing ankle joint - has strong interosseous tibiofibular ligament along with anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments
46
Medial and lateral retinacula
Vastus medialis and lateralis attach to the quadrate tendon and the patella by way of these
47
What is the q angle
Angle from the ASIS to the middle of the patella
48
Genu varum
- bowleg - smaller angle - Vargus stress (medial stress)
49
Genu Valgus
- knock knee - larger angle - Valgus stress (lateral stress)

Gross Anatomy: Unit Four. (11 decks)

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