Poultry 5

Question 1

3 Types of meat chickens

Answer 1

1. Rock Cornish Game Hen
2. Broiler - used by KFC and others
3. Roasters

Question 2

Methods of heat loss

Answer 2

1. Sensible (direct)
   Conduction
   Convection - movement of air over something hot
   Radiation
2. Insensible
   Evaporative - Panting

Question 3

What affect does Relative Humidity have on panting

Answer 3

If too high, panting will not solve the problem

Question 4

5 thermoregulation methods

Answer 4

1. Behavior
2. Ptiloerection - fluffed up to maintain body heat
3. Vasomotion
4. Shivering
5. Panting

Question 5

Best monitoring system of barn temperature

Answer 5

Bird Behavior

Question 6

Whole room heating vs localized heat soruces

Answer 6

1. Whole Room
   Same temp everywhere
2. Heat sources
   Birds have choice

Question 7

4 sources of moisture

Answer 7

Poultry Faeces
Respiratory evaporation
Incoming air
Spillage

Question 8

Major problem with low humidity

Answer 8

Poor feathering and growth which leads to increased scratches and therefore increased skin infections

As well as increased dust

Question 9

What causes low humidity

Answer 9

Excessive ventilation

Question 10

Major gas in housing

Answer 10

Ammonia

Question 11

Sources of gas

Answer 11

1. Anaerobic degradation of manure organics
2. Animal Resp
3. Fuel burning heaters

Question 12

What is the tolerance level of ammonia?

Answer 12

25ppm

Question 13

4 adverse affects of high ammonia levels

Answer 13

1. Increased susceptibility to resp disease
2. Increased incidence of breast blister, damage (burnt) feet
3. Keratoconjunctivitis
4. Decreased performance

Question 14

4 factors which influence space requirement

Answer 14

1. Type of bird - mating need more than growers
2. Management factors - stress levels
3. Quality of management
4. Other environmental factors -hot vs cold environment

Question 15

What is linear additivity of concurrent stressors?

Answer 15

More stressors = greater health problems

Question 16

5 effects of inadequate space

Answer 16

1. Decreased Performance
2. Reduced uniformity
3. Increased mortality
4. Increased carcass defects
5. Increased condemnations at processing

Question 17

Light manipulations and there influence on bird beavhior

Answer 17

1. Increased activity - bright
2. Reduce canabilism - dark
3. Reduce feed wastage - dark
4. Decrease bruising - dark
5. Improve feed efficiency - dark

Question 18

Light recommendations for early brooding?

Answer 18

more than 20 Lux

Question 19

Light recommendation for later brooding and rearing

Answer 19

5 lux

Question 20

3 potential negative aspects of dark exposure

Answer 20

1. Reduced growth in short grow out period
2. More difficult to handle at marketing
3. Reduced breast meat yield

Question 21

Recomended light:dark?

Answer 21

18 hrs light:6hrs dark

Question 22

Where do we get greatest amount of energy for feed?

Answer 22

Corn and wheat

Question 23

Why is fat added to energy feed?

Answer 23

Little bit of energy
Increase palatability
Decreases dust

Question 24

Where do we most of protein for feed?

Answer 24

Soy bean and canola meal

Question 25

What is shrinkage?

Answer 25

Loss of weight between the farm gate and the time of slaughter - 3%

Question 26

What influences shrinkage?

Answer 26

1. Time off feed and water - reduces digesta in gut, too soon gives to high of shrinkage to late gives too low of shrinkage 2. Time in transit 3. Ration red 4. Weather conditions 5. Other stress