poverty

Question 1

how many percent of the world faces extreme poverty?

Answer 1

10%

Question 2

more than ____ million children are at risk of living in extreme poverty by 2030.

Answer 2

150

Question 3

poverty involves what?

Answer 3

lack of income
no resourse for sustainable living
hunger and malnourishment
social discrimination
exclusion
lack of participation in decision-making

Question 4

from 1990 to 2010, did poverty decrease or increase?

Answer 4

decreased. 36% in 1990 to 16% in 2010.

Question 5

recently, rate of poverty decline is increasing or reducing?

Answer 5

reducing significantly

Question 6

what caused the first rise in extreme poverty in 30 years?

Answer 6

covid

Question 7

who is the president of the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network, and also a renowned economist?

Answer 7

Prof Jeffrey Sachs

Question 8

2015 data: more than _______ people in extreme poverty, making ______ per day or below

Answer 8

734 million; $1.90

Question 9

what is SDG 1?

Answer 9

End Poverty in All its Forms Everywhere

Question 10

global poverty rate projected to be ____% in 2030

Answer 10

7

Question 11

what is the international poverty line? how much was it in 2015?

Answer 11

costs of food, clothing, healthcare and shelter needs in low-income countries

in 2015, it was US$1.25/day

Question 12

what is PPP

Answer 12

purchasing power parity - theoretical exchange rate that compares the value of currencies based on what they can buy in different countries.

Question 13

which 2 regions experience the most poverty?

Answer 13

sub-saharan africa
south asia

Question 14

predominant characteristics of the poor

Answer 14

rural
young
under-educcated
women

Question 15

A farmer in Africa achieves about ______ ton of grain per hectare - extremely low.

Answer 15

1/2 to 1

Question 16

what is agricultural poverty trap? where does it occur in in the slides?

Answer 16

africa

farmers too poor to pay for soil refilling to get decent crop yield

Question 17

based on the agricultural poverty trap, what is a high priority of the govt?

Answer 17

roll out programs to help farmers get the farm inputs they need until they can get them themselves

Question 18

what’s ODA? what is it’s main use?

Answer 18

official development assistance - govt aid donated by high-income countries for welfare and economic development of developing (poor) countries

main use - build capital/capacity

Question 19

what is the most effective use of ODA after the year 2000?

Answer 19

public health
- ctrl aids, malaria, tuberculosis
- lower mortality rate of children n mothers during pregnancy
- investment in health systems and social safety nets to combat medical, social and economic impact of COVID-19

Question 20

what is a priority in Africa, other than to help agriculture?

Answer 20

reducing fertility rate

** same for south asia

Question 21

for the ODA, rich countries donate about ___% of their yearly GDP

Answer 21

1

Question 22

ODA - how much government how much private?

Answer 22

70% governments, 30% private donations

Question 23

which 2 countries relief heavily on foreign aid in the past and have now become significant donors?

Answer 23

china , korea

Question 24

SDG includes 3 direct and 3 indirect goals to promote social inclusion. what are they?

Answer 24

direct:
gender equality
reduce inequalities
peace, justice and strong institutions

indirect:
quality education
good health, well-being
sustainable cities and communities

Question 25

which country has the lowest income equality/highest income inequality?

Answer 25

south africa - 10% hold 70% of the wealth, most people live in poverty

Question 26

which regions enjoy relatively equal income?

Answer 26

Western and Central Eastern Europe

Question 27

GINI coefficient tells us income equality/inequality, but not what?

Answer 27

oveerall wealth, country's income, quality of life, gender economic well-being

Question 28

1. skills, education and globalisation 2. technology and digital revolution the above seems good for countries, but they contribute to ___________.

Answer 28

income inequality

Question 29

highest level of gender inequality is in which 3 regions?

Answer 29

asia middle-east north africa

Question 30

governments employ _____ policies to narrow income gap, but why isn;t it working well?

Answer 30

redistribution they didn't do it properly

Question 31

how to achieve income equality?

Answer 31

SDG 10.1 - income growth for bottom 40% at a rate higher than national avg SDG 10.2 - social, economic and political inclusion of all irrespective of age, sex, diability, race, etc SDG 10.3 - equal opportunities by eliminating discrimination SDG 10.4 - adopt fiscal, wage and social protection policies SDG 10.5 - improve regulations of global financial markets SDG 10.6 - enhanced representation of decision-making in developing countries SDG 10.7 - facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people

Question 32

Gender inequality is measured by ______ (GII). It measures which 3 basic dimensions of human development?

Answer 32

gender inequality index - low GII means low gender inequality GII measures: 1. health 2. education 3. income

Question 33

how to achieve gender equality?

Answer 33

SDG 5.1 - end discrimination against women and girls SDG 5.2 - end violence against women and girls SDG 5.3 - end harmful practices (child, early, forced marriages) SDG 5.4 - value unpaid care and domestic work through provision of public services SDG 5.5 - ensure full participation and equal leadership opportunities SDG 5.6 - universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights