Power Flashcards
Federal Government Powers
Judicial power, legislative power, and executive power
State or Local Government Powers
State and local governments have the police power to protect health, safety, welfare, and morals
Federal Judicial Power Requirements
Article III Case and Controversy Requirement, Jurisdiction, Creation, Eleventh Amendment Immunity
Ripe
Must be an immediate threat of harm
Moot
Must be a live controversy at all stages of litigation unless controversy capable of repetition yet evading review, defendant voluntarily ceases, or class action representative claim moot with class member claims still viable
Standing
Litigant myst have a concrete stake in the outcome
Individual Standing
Requires an: (1) injury in fact; (2) causation; and (3) redressability
Organizational Standing
(1) Individual member standing; (2) germane to organizational purpose; and (3) individual member participation is not required
Taxpayer Standing
No general citizenship standing unless challenging government tax and spending measures under the Establishment Clause
Third-Party Standing
(1) claimant must have standing on his or her own; and (2) it must be difficult for the third-party to assert rights or there must be a special relationship
Pullman Abstention
Federal court can abstain based on unsettled state law
Younger Abstention
Federal court will not enjoin pending criminal proceedings absent proven harassment or bad faith
Political Question
Constitutional commitment to another branch and lack of judicially manageable standards
Original Jurisdiction
Supreme Court has original jurisdiction affecting ambassadors, public ministers, consuls, and party states
Appellate Jurisdiction
Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction in all federal power cases subject to congressional exceptions and regulations