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Power And Development Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

What is hard power

A

A states abillity to command/force others to comply e.g. military

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2
Q

What is soft power

A

A states ability to attract/persuade others
E.g. diplomacy and culture

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3
Q

What is smart power

A

Using hard power and soft power to achieve its aims e.g. USA and Russia - Cuban missile crisis
‘Speak softly but carry a big stick’
‘Carrot and stick’ - a critism of smart power is that soft power is irrelavent without hard power

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4
Q

What is smart power

A

Using hard power and soft power to achieve its aims e.g. USA and Russia - Cuban missile crisis
‘Speak softly but carry a big stick’
‘Carrot and stick’ - a critism of smart power is that soft power is irrelavent without hard power

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5
Q

What is a great power

A
  • A state that has considerable international presence in the world
  • it wields significant global influence through the various capabilities in which we measure power(i.e military and economic)
  • typically it will seen to have an active foreign policy and will want to play a role in determining international affairs
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6
Q

What is a superpower

A
  • A state that processes all the characteristics of a great power but will be able to make it’s influence felt anywhere in the world
  • can be thought of as having ‘ mastered all capabilities in which we measure power(strongest military/economy)
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7
Q

What is a superpower

A
  • A state that processes all the characteristics of a great power but will be able to make it’s influence felt anywhere in the world
  • can be thought of as having ‘ mastered all capabilities in which we measure power(strongest military/economy)
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8
Q

What is a rising power

A
  • A state that is growing in power in certain areas and will likely have a significant regional influence
  • it is acquiring or seeking to acquire - great power status but has not yet met all the criteria
  • it is often thought that a rising power is challenging the position of an established great power
  • scholars debate about wether a state can rise peacefully or wether it will always result in war
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9
Q

Example of superpower

A

United States - massive economy and population (333.3 million)

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10
Q

Example of superpower

A

United States - massive economy and population (333.3 million)

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11
Q

Example of great power

A

China - industrialised, 2nd biggest economy, big population

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12
Q

Example of rising power

A

India - massive population

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13
Q

Example of regional power

A

Brazil - dominant state in South America due to high geographical presence

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14
Q

What is a middle power

A

France

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15
Q

Example of minor power

A

Azerbaijan

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16
Q

Example of declining power

A

Russia

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17
Q

Describe USA(population, economy, military)

A

335 million population
$27 trillion GDP
$916 billion USA military spending

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18
Q

Describe china(population, economy, military spending)

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A

1.422 billion population
$17.7 trilllion economy
$296 military budget

19
Q

Describe belt and road initiative

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A

Key goals - connect china to other countries so more trade can occur, strengthen military connections, spread influence of communism through Europe and Asia.
Impact - increase the flow of money around the world and therefore increase GDP of china and the other countries is connected to.
Success - claiming territories

20
Q

Describe and define polarity

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A

Polarity refers to the ‘poles of power’
Polarity can be defined as - the way in which power is distributed in the international system

21
Q

What are three types of polarity

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A

Unipolarity -
Bipolarity
Multi polarity

22
Q

Describe unipolarity

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A

Single pole of power. The state would be a superpower and referred to as a hegemony(or hegemonic power).

23
Q

Advantage of unipolarity

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A

Less likely for conflict of ideologies(policing the world)

24
Q

Advantage of unipolarity

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A

Less likely for conflict of ideologies(policing the world)

25
Disadvantage of unipolarity
May abuse it’s power due to no threats, weakens abilities of states
26
Describe bipolarity
Two peoples of power. Two states compete against each other for dominance. Two states are considered great/super power - balance of power
27
What is Thucydides trap and how does it link to polarity
‘It was the rise of Athens and the fear that this instilled in Sparta that made war inevitable - Thucydides. 2 conflicting powers will most probably lead to war.
28
In what was it a good thing that America is the global hegemonic superpower. Why should we favour unipolarity?
Reduces conflict as there is less competition, benefits it’s allies such as most Western European countries and countries with same ideologies
29
Describe hegemonic stability theory
- A hegemony that is perceived to be benign can act as a global police man and promote global stability - Pax Americana - USA global policeman as they hold peace throughout the world through strong economic presence(free market capitalism) - smaller power ‘bandwogoned’ behind the US in order to secure their own protection, share ideals, and avoid America wrath
30
Describe hegemonic stability theory
- A hegemony that is perceived to be benign can act as a global police man and promote global stability - Pax Americana - USA global policeman as they hold peace throughout the world through strong economic presence(free market capitalism) - smaller power ‘bandwogoned’ behind the US in order to secure their own protection, share ideals, and avoid America wrath
31
Describe a democratic state
- Characterised by free, fair and regular elections through which governments are accountable to the public - it values liberal rights and freedoms and places high emphasis on the empowerment of individuals - it derives it’s legitimacy from the popular consent of the public
32
Describe a democratic state
- Characterised by free, fair and regular elections through which governments are accountable to the public - it values liberal rights and freedoms and places high emphasis on the empowerment of individuals - it derives it’s legitimacy from the popular consent of the public
33
Describe authoritarian state
- a state in which power is concentrated solely in the hands of a single, usually unelected, person or party - the government and the the judiciary rule - all opposition is repressed
34
Describe a semi-democratic state
- a state that superficially possesses the features of a democracy, but has underlying authoritarian features/ tendencies - government won’t willingly relinquish power - the rule of law is limited since the government is not full committed to democratic principles of justice, fairness and tolerance
35
Describe a semi-democratic state
- a state that superficially possesses the features of a democracy, but has underlying authoritarian features/ tendencies - government won’t willingly relinquish power - the rule of law is limited since the government is not full committed to democratic principles of justice, fairness and tolerance
36
Describe a non-democratic state
- an autocratic or authoritarian state, in which power is concentrated either in the hand of an individual or a select few - they vary in deposits tendencies, with total irritation states the most ruthless in crushing internal dissent - different types of non-democratic states(think of it as a spectrum) but they often overlap
37
Describe a non-democratic state
- an autocratic or authoritarian state, in which power is concentrated either in the hand of an individual or a select few - they vary in deposits tendencies, with total irritation states the most ruthless in crushing internal dissent - different types of non-democratic states(think of it as a spectrum) but they often overlap
38
Describe a non-democratic state
- an autocratic or authoritarian state, in which power is concentrated either in the hand of an individual or a select few - they vary in deposits tendencies, with total irritation states the most ruthless in crushing internal dissent - different types of non-democratic states(think of it as a spectrum) but they often overlap
39
Define authoritarian
Dominated by a state
40
Define autocratic
Domination by individual
41
Define totalitarian
Absolute control over all aspects of the state and the society
42
Define rogue state
A state that acts in defence of international norms and threatens regional/global stability E.g. north korea
43
Define rogue state
A state that acts in defence of international norms and threatens regional/global stability E.g. North Korea
44
Describe and define failed state
A state whose government is no longer able to provide order and security within its boarders. - law and order have collapsed - the economy no longer functions - the state struggles

Global Politics (2 decks)

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