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Flashcards in Power and Politics Deck (20)
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1
Q

two axis approach to politics

A

liberal to conservative

libertarian to collectivist

2
Q

define libertarian

A

the state should not interfere with individual autonomy unless someone else is coming to harm (free markets, capitalism)

3
Q

define collectivist

A

people are yielded equal opportunities + wealth is redistributed partially by progressive taxation/wholly by state action on salaries or company profits (Marx, Lenin)

4
Q

list approaches to biomedical ethics

A

conventional
utilitarianism
distributive justice

5
Q

what four things underlie the conventional approach to biomedical ethics?

A

autonomy
non-maleficence
beneficence
justice

6
Q

utilitarianism is a branch of?

A

consequentialism

7
Q

utilitarianism argues that?

A

the ethical validity of an action is based on the outcome of the action

8
Q

utilitarianism focus on maximising?

A

human welfare and wellbeing

9
Q

utilitarianism states that the ethically right choice in a given situation is?

A

the one that produces the most happiness and the least unhappiness for the largest amount of people

10
Q

issues with utilitarianism

A

using this logic, cannot justify more economically costly areas of healthcare

11
Q

distributive justice

A

active seeking and promoting equality

wealth redistribution + unconditional basic income

12
Q

Nuffield ladder of bioethics

A

do nothing/monitor the current situation > provide info > enable choice > guide choice through changing default policy > guide choice through incentives > guide choice through disincentives > restrict choice > eliminate choice

13
Q

define stakeholder

A

an organisation / individual with an interest

14
Q

define partner

A

subgroup of stakeholders who are central to the success of an aim

15
Q

define coalition

A

groups of stakeholders working together for a shared goal

16
Q

which is faster: incremental or transformative change?

A

transformative

17
Q

incremental change is as slow as?

A

the slowest decision maker

18
Q

define power

A

the ability to exercise one’s will over others

19
Q

define authority

A

ability to influence people + outcomes

20
Q

is the medical profession based more on authority or power?

A

authority