POWERPLANT 1

Question 1

A ________________ is a type of heat engine that derives its name from the back-and-forth, or reciprocating movement of its pistons.

Answer 1

reciprocating engine

Question 2

The ________________ is also known as an internal-combustion engine. This name is used because the fuel mixture is burned within the engine.

Answer 2

reciprocating engine

Question 3

The two primary reciprocating engine designs are the ___________ and _______________.

Answer 3

spark ignition and the compression ignition

Question 4

what is the ratio of fuel air mixture?

Answer 4

weight of fuel to the weight of air in the mixture to be burned

Question 5

the ____________ also called a centrifugal compressor drew air through an inlet.

Answer 5

super charger

Question 6

Fuels for aviation also demanded
attention. When engine designers tried to
build motors with greater power, they ran
into the problem of ______

Answer 6

“knock.”

Question 7

_________ fuels avoided knock but
produced little power.

Answer 7

Poor-grade

Question 8

During _____________, the best piston engines
used a turbocharger.

Answer 8

World War II

Question 9

types of reciprocating engine

Answer 9

1. radial engine
2. in-line engine
3. v- type engine
4. opposed or flat type engine

Question 10

A _________ consists of a row, or
rows of cylinders arranged radially
about a central crankcase.

Answer 10

radial engine

Question 11

two types of radial engine

Answer 11

single row and double row

Question 12

__________ radial engine has an odd number of cylinders attached radially to a crankcase. A typical configuration consists of five to nine
cylinders evenly spaced on the same circular plane with all pistons connected to a single crankshaft.

Answer 12

Single-row

Question 13

____________ radial engines consisted of two single row engines in line with each other connected to a single crankshaft. This type of engine is sometimes referred to as a double row radial engine and typically has a total of 14 or 18 cylinders.

Answer 13

Multiple-row

Question 14

An ______________ engine generally has an even number of cylinders that are aligned in a single row parallel with the crankshaft. This engine can be either liq-uid-cooled or air cooled and the pistons can be located either upright above the crankshaft or inverted below the crankshaft.

Answer 14

in-line

Question 15

The cylinders of a __________ are arranged around a single crankshaft in two in-line banks that are 45, 60, or 90 degrees apart.

Answer 15

V-type engine

Question 16

Since __________ had two rows of cylinders, they were typically capable of producing more horsepower than an in-line engine

Answer 16

V-type engines

Question 17

Most ____________ had 8 or 12 cylinders and were either liquid-cooled or air cooled.

Answer 17

V-type engines

Question 18

_______________ are the most popular reciprocating engines used on light aircraft.

Answer 18

Opposed-type engines

Question 19

A typical _______________ can
produce as little as 36 horsepower to
as much as 400 horsepower.

Answer 19

opposed engine

Question 20

_____________ have high power-to-weight ratios because they have a comparatively small, lightweight crankcase.

Answer 20

Opposed-type engines

Question 21

Most efficient, dependable, and
economical type available for light
aircraft.

Answer 21

Opposed-type engines

Question 22

The Four Basic Power Delivering Parts

Answer 22

cylinder
pistol
connecting Rod
crankshaft

Question 23

The __________ provides a combustion
chamber where the burning and
expansion of gases takes place to
produce power.

Answer 23

cylinder

Question 24

A _____________ houses the piston and
connecting rod assembly as well as
the valves and spark plugs.

Answer 24

cylinder

Question 25

Transmits power through pistons, connecting rods and rotate the crankshaft

Answer 25

cylinder

Question 26

The _______ in a reciprocating engine is a cylindrical plunger that moves up and down, back and forth within a cylinder.

Answer 26

piston

Question 27

Piston speed is maximum during the _______ and _______ quarters of crankshaft rotation.

Answer 27

first and fourth

Question 28

The _____________ is the link which transmits the force exerted on a piston to a crankshaft.

Answer 28

connecting rod

Question 29

One end of a connecting rod connects to the crankshaft and is called the ____________

Answer 29

crankpin end

Question 30

The other end connects to the piston and is called the ______________.

Answer 30

piston end

Question 31

The ___________ is the backbone of a reciprocating engine.

Answer 31

crankshaft

Question 32

Its main purpose is to transform the reciprocating motion of the pistons and connecting rods into rotary motion to turn a propeller.

Answer 32

crankshaft

Question 33

Since __________ must withstand high stress, they are generally forged from a strong alloy such as chromiumnickel molybdenum steel.

Answer 33

crankshafts

Question 34

The vast majority of certified aircraft reciprocating engines operate on the four stroke cycle, sometimes called the _________ after its originator, a German physicist.

Answer 34

Otto cycle

Question 35

Two complete revolutions of the crankshaft (720°) are required for the four strokes; thus, each cylinder in an engine of this type fires once in every _________ of the crankshaft.

Answer 35

two revolutions

Question 36

4 Strokes:

Answer 36

* Intake * Compression * Power * Exhaust

Question 37

5 Events:

Answer 37

* Intake * Compression * Ignition * Power or Expansion * Exhaust or Scavenging

Question 38

“Fuel and air enters inside the combustion chamber.”

Answer 38

intake

Question 39

The intake valve is opened considerably before the piston reaches ____ on the exhaust stroke,

Answer 39

TDC

Question 40

The intake valve is timed to close about ____ to _____ past BDC on the compression stroke, depending upon the specific engine, to allow the momentum of the incoming gases to charge the cylinder more completely.

Answer 40

50° to 75°

Question 41

During the ____________, the crankshaft continues to rotate, the piston is forced upward in the cylinder, and both intake and exhaust valves are closed. The movement of the piston upward compresses the fuel-air mixture.

Answer 41

compression stroke

Question 42

Fuel and air compression”

Answer 42

compression stroke

Question 43

The charge is fired by means of an ____________ as the piston approaches TDC.

Answer 43

electric spark

Question 44

The time of ignition varies from ____to ____ before TDC, depending upon the requirements of the specific engine to ensure complete combustion of the charge by the time the piston is slightly past the TDC position.

Answer 44

20° to 35°

Question 45

“Fuel and air burned”

Answer 45

power

Question 46

The temperature of these burning gases in power stroke may be between _______and _____

Answer 46

3,000° and 4,000 °F.

Question 47

“Fuel and air or carbon deposits moves outside the cylinder”

Answer 47

exhaust stroke

Question 48

firing order of V type engine with four cylinders

Answer 48

1 3 4 2

Question 49

firing order of v type engine with six cylinders

Answer 49

1 6 5 4 3 2

Question 50

firing order of v type engine with 8 cylinders

Answer 50

1 3 7 2 6 5 4 8

Question 51

firing order of in line engine with three cylinders

Answer 51

1 2 3

Question 52

firing order of in line engine with four cylinders

Answer 52

1 3 4 2

Question 53

firing order of in line engine with six cylinders

Answer 53

1 5 3 6 2 4

Question 54

______________ engines require only one upstroke and one down stroke of the piston to complete the required series of events in the cylinder.

Answer 54

two-stroke cycle

Question 55

The intake and exhaust functions are accomplished during the same stroke.

Answer 55

two stroke cycle

Question 56

Most _______ engines are of the crankcase compression type.

Answer 56

two-stroke

Question 57

The earliest two-strokes were of the ________ type.

Answer 57

uniflow

Question 58

The _______ cycle has a three-sided rotor that turns inside an elliptical housing, completing three of the four cycles for each revolution.

Answer 58

rotary

Question 59

The ______ cycle depends on high compression pressures to provide for the ignition of the fuel/air charge in the cylinder.

Answer 59

diesel

Question 60

there are ___ magnetos, left and right

Answer 60

two

Question 61

Types of Magnetos:

Answer 61

Slick Magneto Bendix Dual Magneto Bendix Single Magneto.

Question 62

It is the job of the __________ to measure the amount of incoming intake air and meter out the proper fuel/air ratio to the cylinder intakes.

Answer 62

carburetor

Question 63

___________________ help provide electrical power in an aircraft.

Answer 63

Aircraft generators

Question 64

Most ______________ starters are the direct cranking electric type.

Answer 64

reciprocating engine

Question 65

Aircraft reciprocating engine pressure lubrication systems can be divided into two basic classifications:

Answer 65

wet sump and dry sump.

Question 66

_____________ stores oil in a reservoir inside the engine. After the oil is circulated through the engine, it is returned to this crankcase-based reservoir.

Answer 66

wet sump system

Question 67

A ____________ pumps the oil from the engine’s crankcase to an external tank that stores the oil.

Answer 67

dry sump engine

Question 68

The _______________ uses a scavenge pump, some external tubing, and an external tank to store the oil.

Answer 68

dry sump system

Question 69

___________ radial engine, cylinder No. 1 is the top cylinder.

Answer 69

Single-row

Question 70

__________ radial engine, all odd-numbered cylinders are in the front, and all even numbered cylinders are in the rear.

Answer 70

Double-row

Question 71

Cylinder Numbering (Opposed Engine) ___________ starts from rear

Answer 71

Continental

Question 72

Cylinder Numbering (Opposed Engine) ___________ starts from front.

Answer 72

Lycoming

Question 73

The Sequence in which the power event occurs in the different cylinders. Designed to provide for balance and to eliminate vibration.

Answer 73

Firing Order

Question 74

The __________ acts as a lid on the cylinder barrel to provide an enclosed chamber for combustion.

Answer 74

cylinder head

Question 75

__________ contain intake and exhaust valve ports, spark plugs, valve actuating mechanisms, and serve to conduct heat away from the cylinder barrels.

Answer 75

Cylinder heads

Question 76

The ___________ in a reciprocating engine is a cylindrical plunger that moves up and down, back, and forth within a cylinder.

Answer 76

piston

Question 77

2 Types of Piston Rings

Answer 77

Compression rings and oil rings

Question 78

_______________prevent gas from escaping past the piston during engine operation and are placed in the ring grooves immediately below the piston head.

Answer 78

Compression rings

Question 79

_________ control the amount of oil that is applied to the cylinder walls as well as prevent oil from entering the combustion chamber.

Answer 79

Oil rings

Question 80

A _________ joins the piston to the connecting rod.

Answer 80

piston pin

Question 81

__________ are sometimes called wrist pins

Answer 81

Piston pins

Question 82

Engine __________ regulate the flow of gases into and out of a cylinder by opening and closing at predetermined times in the combustion process.

Answer 82

valves

Question 83

The ___________ controls the amount of fuel/air mixture that enters a cylinder through the intake port,

Answer 83

intake valve

Question 84

The ____________ allows the exhaust gases to exit the cylinder through the exhaust port.

Answer 84

exhaust valve

Question 85

– a device for actuating the valve lifting mechanism.

Answer 85

Camshaft

Question 86

A circular piece of steel with a series of raised cam lobes on its outer edge.

Answer 86

Cam ring

Question 87

– a mechanism to transmit the force of the cam to the push rod

Answer 87

Valve lifter or tappet

Question 88

– a steel or aluminum alloy rod or tube situated between the valve lifter and the rocker arm to transmit the motion of the valve lifter

Answer 88

Push Rod

Question 89

– a pivoted arm mounted on the bearings of the cylinder head to open and close the valves.

Answer 89

Rocker Arm

Question 90

4 Parts of a Crankshaft

Answer 90

Main Bearing Journal/Main Journal Crankpin Crank cheek or crank arm Counterweights and dampers

Question 91

Represent the centerline of a crankshaft and support the crankshaft as it rotates in the main bearings. Center of rotation of the crankshaft.

Answer 91

Main Bearing Journal/Main Journal

Question 92

Or connecting-rod bearing journals or throws, serve as attachment points for the connecting rods.

Answer 92

Crankpin

Question 93

Its function is to relieve the whip and vibration caused by rotation of the crankshaft.

Answer 93

Counterweights and dampers

Question 94

2 Types of Overhaul

Answer 94

top overhaul and major overhaul

Question 95

__________________ consists of the complete reconditioning of the power plant.

Answer 95

Major overhaul

Question 96

This means an overhaul of those parts on top of the crankcase, without completely dismantling the engine.

Answer 96

top overhaul

Question 97

At _____________, an engine should be completely dismantled, thoroughly cleaned, and inspected.

Answer 97

regular intervals

Question 98

A ____________________ can perform or supervise a major overhaul of an engine if it is not equipped with an internal supercharger, or has a propeller reduction system other than spur-type gears.

Answer 98

certified power plant-rated technician

Question 99

The primary function is to provide space for the mounting of accessories necessary for operation and control of the engine.

Answer 99

Accessory Section

Question 100

Aircraft carburetors are separated into two categories:

Answer 100

float type carburetors and pressure-type carburetors

Question 101

complete with idling, accelerating, mixture control, idle cutoff, and power enrichment systems, are the most common of the two carburetor types.

Answer 101

Float-type carburetors

Question 102

The _______________ delivers fuel under pressure by a fuel pump.

Answer 102

pressure-type carburetor

Question 103

The basic difference between a float-type and a pressure-type carburetor is the _________________.

Answer 103

delivery of fuel

Question 104

Carburetors are normally calibrated at sea-level air pressure where the correct fuel-air mixture ratio is established with the mixture control set in the ____________ position.

Answer 104

FULL RICH