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AT354 Hawker Ground > Powerplant > Flashcards

Powerplant Flashcards

some stuff in here you don't need to know

1
Q

What engines is the Hawker 900XP equipped with?

A

2x Garrett/Allied Signal/Honeywell TFE 731-50R’s

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2
Q

General overview of the TFE 731-50R’s:

A

Dual spool, axial flow, turbofan engines

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3
Q

How much thrust does the TFE 731-50R produce, and to what altitude?

A

Each engine produces 4,600 lbs of thrust, flat rated up to an altitude specified in the AFM

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4
Q

What is the bypass ratio at low altitudes? High altitudes?

A

80% bypass, 20% core at low altitude

20% bypass, 80% core at high altitude

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5
Q

What is the purpose of the fan, and what drives it?

A

Moves large volumes of air into the bypass duct and engine core, driven by the low pressure spool (N1)

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6
Q

What is the Low Pressure Spool (N1)?

A

Consists of a four-stage, low pressure axial flow compressor and three-stage low pressure turbine mounted on a common shaft

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7
Q

What is a stage?

A

A paired rotor and stator

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8
Q

What is one of the functions of the low pressure spool (N1)?

A

Increases pressure through the compressor stages without significantly increasing the velocity of the air

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9
Q

What is the High Pressure Spool (N2)?

A

Single-stage centrifugal compressor driven by a single-stage turbine on a concentric shaft

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10
Q

What drives the accessory gearbox, and how?

A

The High Pressure Spool (N2) through a tower shaft

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11
Q

What is a spool, and how many on the TFE 731-50R?

A

A compressor with a power turbine - 2 on the TFE 731-50R

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12
Q

Describe the combustion can:

A

Contains the igniters (at the 6 and 7 o’clock positions), with fuel atomizers

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13
Q

What does the turbine section consist of?

A

Contains four turbine wheels (1 high pressure, 3 low pressure) and four stator assemblies, as well as a mixer nozzle that mixes core and bypass air before the air is discharged by a convergent-divergent nozzle

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14
Q

How is Interstage Turbine Temperature (ITT) measured?

A

Thermocouples in the gas path between high-pressure turbine and first stage of low pressure turbine, sending signals to cockpit indicator and fuel computer. Each engine has own indicator on center instrument panel display

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15
Q

What is driven by the accessory drive?

A

Starter-generators*, hydraulic pump, alternator, fuel pump, fuel control unit, oil pump

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16
Q

What does the engine oil system contain?

A

Oil tank and sight gauge, oil pump, oil filter and bypass valve, air/oil cooler and bypass valve, fuel-to-oil cooler, oil-to-fuel cooler, breather pressurizing valve, & pressure and temperature transmitters and indicators

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17
Q

What drives the oil pump?

A

Accessory drive

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18
Q

What collects oil and returns oil to the reservoice?

A

Scavenge pump

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19
Q

What is the function of the bypass oil filter? Is there an annunciator?

A

Prevents contaminants from going to engine components - condition indicated in rear equipment bay… if there is a clog causing a drop in oil pressure, bypass can open, routing oil around the filter to the engine components. There is no oil filter annunciator

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20
Q

How is oil and fuel temperature transferred between each other?

A

Fuel heater provides fuel-to-oil heat transfer, air/oil cooler after fuel heater cools the oil

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21
Q

When does the OIL 1/2 LO PRESS annunciator illuminate?

A

If oil pressure drops below 49 psi on an engine

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22
Q

Can the ignition system be continuously operated? If so, how?

A

Yes - place the switch to ON

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23
Q

What does the AUTO switch position do in the ignition system?

A

Energizes igniters if there is an uncommanded N2 drop of 500 RPM

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24
Q

What does the fuel control system consist of?

A

Fuel pump assembly, hydromechanical fuel control unit, digital electronic engine control (DEEC), fuel flow divider assembly, fuel atomizers

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25
Q

What provides high pressure fuel to the fuel control unit, and what powers it?

A

Engine-driven fuel pump on the accessory gearbox

26
Q

What is the function of the bypassable fuel filter? Is there an annunciator?

A

Prevents downline contamination of fuel - yes, there is an annunciator illuminated if the bypass is open (will illuminate around 6-8 psi, bypass will open around 9-12 psi)

27
Q

What is the DEEC and its function?

A

Digital Electronic Engine Control, aka fuel computer. Provides governing, limiting, and scheduling of fuel during acceleration and deceleration

28
Q

What is the position of the ENG CMPTR switches in normal operation?

A

AUTO position

29
Q

How is the DEEC powered?

A

28 volt DC power from the PE bus

30
Q

What inputs does the DEEC monitor?

A

Engine inlet pressure, engine inlet temperature, ITT, N2 speed, N1 speed, thrust lever angle

31
Q

What are the protections offered by the DEEC?

A

Commands engine shutdown if N1 exceeds 107%, or N2 exceeds 107.7% (ultimate overspeed protection)

32
Q

What happens if the DEEC malfunctions?

A

Fuel Control Unit automatically switches to manual mode

33
Q

What does a red ENG 1/2 CMPTER annunciator indicate?

A

Total failure of engine computer, requires memory items

34
Q

What does an amber ENG 1/2 CMPTER annunciator indicate?

A

Internal fault; ultimate overspeed protection still available; no further crew action require

35
Q

What does an amber ENG 1/2 CMPTER MM annunciator indicate?

A

Internal fault, reversion to Manual Mode made. Crew action: place ENG CMPTER switch to OVSP PROT, resulting in ultimate overspeed protection being available again

36
Q

What does a white ENG DEEC MINOR annunciator indicate?

A

Minor fault, complete engine control maintained; no further crew action required

37
Q

How do the thrust levers control power output?

A

Connected to the FCU via cables and pulleys, movement drives position of FCU, causing the DEECs to send signals to the fuel controllers to increase or decrease fuel flow

38
Q

With the computer switches in the OFF or OVSP PROT positions, what do the thrust levers do?

A

Directly control engine power through fuel control governor

39
Q

What controls the fuel shutoff valve and locks the throttles?

A

HP Cocks

40
Q

What do the HP Cocks do when closed?

A

Mechanically locks thrust levers in the full idle position

41
Q

What is the function of the engine synchronizer?

A

Compares N1 or N2 of master engine (left) to provide a trim signal to the DEEC

42
Q

What are some requirements of the engine synchronizer?

A

Requires both computers to be in AUTO position, inoperative with APR armed

43
Q

What is the Automatic Performance Reserve (APR)?

A

May allow an automatic increase in engine thrust in the event of an engine failure

44
Q

What triggers APR activation in AUTO mode?

A

An uncommanded split in N2 occurs of 15% or more

45
Q

What does the override mode on the APR do?

A

Manually increase thrust on both engines or to activate system if not armed

46
Q

What are some limitations of the APR system?

A

No increase of thrust if ambient conditions are such that the engines are N1 RPM limited (basically will not exceed engine limitations)

47
Q

What is the function of the thrust reversers?

A

Can be used to aid in deceleration or to control taxi speed

48
Q

What does an amber REVERSER annunciator indicate in flight? On the ground?

A

In flight: thrust reversers are unlocked

On the ground: rudder bias system is not inhibited

49
Q

What is the maximum takeoff thrust with APR operating (in % RPM)? Maximum ITT? Time limit?

A

N1 100%, N2 101%; 1022°C Max ITT; 5 minute time limit

50
Q

What are the Hawker start procedures and callouts?

A
  1. Start (engine start button activated)
  2. N2 (Connected to starter-generator via tower shaft… at 12% N2, & some N1 rotation, no call but HP Cock UP)
  3. Ignition
  4. Fuel Flow
  5. ITT
  6. N1
  7. Oil (at 49 psi)
51
Q

How is maintenance scheduled?

A

At 6000 hours: Compressor Zone Inspection

At 3000 hours: Major Periodic Inspection

52
Q

The powerplant classification on Hawker 900XP series aircraft is:

A

Two-spool turbofan

53
Q

When the aircraft is static on a standard day at sea level, each engine develops:

A

4,660 pounds of thrust

54
Q

The primary overspeed rpm-limiting device on the 731 series engine is the:

A

Mechanical governor in FCU

55
Q

The maximum HP rotor (N2) overspeed is:

A

102.5% for 10 seconds

56
Q

The maximum oil pressure for power at or above idle rpm without a time limit is:

A

80 psi

57
Q

The maximum interturbine temperature for engine starting or relight is:

A

994°C

58
Q

The maximum transient oil pressure permissible is:

A

100 psi

59
Q

If the MWS reverser annunciator illuminates during the deploy cycle, it indicates:

A

Rudder bias not inhibited

60
Q

To facilitate an accurate setting of climb power:

A

CLIMB in green displayed on the MFD engine display

61
Q

The APR system is available:

A

To any engine with an operative computer

AT354 Hawker Ground (10 decks)

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