powerplant

Question 1

what powers majority of the aircraft

Answer 1

turbine engines

Question 2

who developed the first “jet engine”

Answer 2

Hero, Egyptian scientist and mathematician from Alexandria

Question 3

when was the first “jet engine” developed

Answer 3

150 BC

Question 4

what was the name of the basic engine made by hero

Answer 4

aeolipile

Question 5

what consisted of the aeolipile

Answer 5

boiler, two hollow bent tubes mounted to a sphere, and the sphere

Question 6

what was first known as the first “steam engine”

Answer 6

heron’s aeolipile

Question 7

when was newton’s three laws of motion announced

Answer 7

1687

Question 8

what is the first law of motion

Answer 8

an object at rest will stay at rest and an object at motion will stay in motion unless acted upon an external force

Question 9

what is the second law of motion

Answer 9

force is equal to mass times acceleration

Question 10

what is the third law of motion

Answer 10

for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 11

what did newton invent but didn’t work

Answer 11

steam wagon

Question 12

how did the newton propelled the wagon?

Answer 12

generating steam in a boiler on the wagon

Question 13

who made and when was the first patent gas turbine engine made?

Answer 13

1791 John Barber

Question 14

when did the design production for the gas turbine engine made a full swing in america

Answer 14

early 1900s

Question 15

pioneer in the development of a turbo supercharger that was used in WWI

Answer 15

Sanford A. Moss

Question 16

who was credited to have the first flying test and when

Answer 16

Frank Whittle 1941

Question 17

what was the first flying test aircraft

Answer 17

Gloster E28/29

Question 18

discovered the principal that defines the action of air through a turbine engine and more

Answer 18

Bernoulli

Question 19

Bernoulli’s theory

Answer 19

1. Fluid is incompressible and not viscous
2. There is no energy loss from the air and the wall of the pipe/orifice
3. There is no heat energy transferred across the boundaries of the pipe to the fluid as either a heat gain or loss
4. There are no pumps in the section of pipe under consideration

Question 20

parts of gas turbine engine

Answer 20

1. an air inlet
2. compressor section
3. combustion section
4. turbine section
5. exhaust section
6. accessory section
7. systems necessary for starting, lubrication, fuel supply, and auxilary purposes such as anti-icing, cooling, and pressurization

Question 21

three types of compressors

Answer 21

centrifugal flow, axial flow, and centrifugal-axial flow

Question 22

compression of inlet air is achieved by accelerating air outward perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the machine

Answer 22

centrifugal flow

Question 23

compresses air by a series of rotating and stationary airfoils moving the air parallel to the longitudinal axis

Answer 23

axial-flow engine

Question 24

uses both axial and centrifugal flow to achieve the desired compression

Answer 24

centrifugal-axial flow

Question 25

four types of engine

Answer 25

turbojet, turbofan, turboprop, and turboshaft

Question 26

used to describe any gas turbine engine used in aircraft

Answer 26

turbojet

Question 27

first developed in Germany and England prior to WWII and is the simplest of all jet engines

Answer 27

turbojet engine

Question 28

has problems with noise and fuel consumption in the speed range that airlines fly. limited on range and endurance and mostly used in military aviation

Answer 28

turbojet

Question 29

four sections of turbojet engine

Answer 29

compressor, combustion chamber, turbine section, and exhaust

Question 30

passes inlet air at a high rate of speed to the combustion chamber

Answer 30

compressor section

Question 31

contains the fuel inlet and igniter for combustion

Answer 31

combustion chamber

Question 32

expanding air drives this, which is connected by a shaft to the compressor, sustaining engine operation

Answer 32

turbine

Question 33

the accelerated exhaust gases from the engine provide

Answer 33

thrust

Question 34

basic application of compressing air

Answer 34

igniting the fuel-air mixture, producing power to self-sustain the engine operation, and exhaust for propulsion

Question 35

advantages of turbojet engine

Answer 35

1. relatively simple design 2. capable of very high speeds 3. takes up little space

Question 36

disadvantages of turbojet engine

Answer 36

1. high fuel consumption 2. loud 3. poor performance at slow speeds 4. limited in range and endurance

Question 37

when and who designed the first turboprop engine

Answer 37

between 1939 and 1942 by Gyorgy Jendrassik

Question 38

when did the first turboprop engine first flew and who made it

Answer 38

September 20, 1945 by Rolls Royce

Question 39

turbine engine that drives an aircraft propeller

Answer 39

turboprop

Question 40

efficient at lower flight speeds, burning less fuel and requiring significantly less runway for takeoff and landing

Answer 40

turboprop equipped aircraft

Question 41

airlines that operate regional aircraft to provide passenger air service to communities without sufficient demand to attract mainline service

Answer 41

air transport regional

Question 42

advantages of turboprop

Answer 42

1. Very fuel efficient 2. Most efficient at mid-range speed between 250-400 knots (Mach 0.2-0.4 or 200-400+kph) 3. Most efficient at mid-range altitudes of 18,000-30,000 feet

Question 43

disadvantages of turboprop engine

Answer 43

1. Limited forward airspeed 2. Gearing systems are heavy and can break down

Question 44

engine in a for of gas turbine that is optimized to produce shaft power rather than jet thrust

Answer 44

turboshaft engine

Question 45

made to transfer horsepower to a shaft that turns a helicopter transmission

Answer 45

turboshaft

Question 46

advantages of turboshaft engine

Answer 46

1. Much higher power-to-weight ratio than piston engines 2. Typically smaller than piston engines

Question 47

disadvantages of turboshaft engine

Answer 47

1. loud 2. gear systems connected to the shaft can be complex and break down

Question 48

primary difference between helicopter and airplane

Answer 48

the way that the mechanics are designed to generate lift.

Question 49

use their rapidly spinning rotors to create the momentum required to lift the aircraft.

Answer 49

helicopters

Question 50

cold section of gas turbine engine consists of

Answer 50

air inlet duct and compressor

Question 51

part of the aircraft that brings air into the propulsion system.

Answer 51

inlet

Question 52

affects the performance of the propulsion system.

Answer 52

inlet design

Question 53

draws air into the engine, pressurizes it, and feeds it to the combustion chamber at speeds of hundreds of miles per hour.

Answer 53

compressor

Question 54

hot section of the gas turbine engine consists of

Answer 54

combustor, turbine, and exhaust

Question 55

fuel is combined with high pressure air and burned here

Answer 55

combustor

Question 56

other word for combustor

Answer 56

burn

Question 57

used to turn the power turbine and produce thrust when passed through a nozzle.

Answer 57

resulting high temperature exhaust gas

Question 58

transforms a portion of the kinetic (velocity) energy of the exhaust gases into mechanical energy to drive the gas generator compressor and accessories.

Answer 58

turbine

Question 59

located directly behind the turbine section and ends when the gases are ejected at the rear in the form of a high-velocity exhaust gases.

Answer 59

exhaust section