Powerpoint

Question 1

Feedback

Answer 1

Relaying of data relating to a condition to appropriate organ or system

Question 2

Negative feedback

Answer 2

To restore homeostasis. The reverse of the original signal

Question 3

Positive feedback

Answer 3

Stimuli is enhanced or continued

Question 4

Beneficial positive feedback

Answer 4

Labor
Blood clotting
Atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 5

Systems involved in feedback

Answer 5

Nervous and endocrine

Question 6

What does the nervous system do in feedback?

Answer 6

Transmit and receive impulses

Question 7

What does the endocrine system do in feedback?

Answer 7

Secrets hormones

Question 8

What are the four fluid compartments?

Answer 8

Intercellular fluid (icf) 
Extracellular fluid (ecf)
   -interstitial 
    - intravascular 
         *transcellular

Question 9

Where is icf found?

Answer 9

Inside the cell

Question 10

How much is found of icf?

Answer 10

60-65%

Question 11

What does icf function as?

Answer 11

Stabilizing agents for parts of cell

Assists with transport of nutrients in and out of plasma membrane

Question 12

Where is ecf located?

Answer 12

Outside the cell

Question 13

How much ecf is found?

Answer 13

35-40%

Question 14

What are the types of ecf?

Answer 14

Interstitial (if) fluid- tissue
Intravascular (iv) l- plasma
Transcellular fluid

Question 15

Ecf is the what fluid?

Answer 15

Most important regulated

Question 16

What are the controlling organs for ecf?

Answer 16

Brain, kidneys and pit gland

Question 17

What is the primary mechanism regulating ecf?

Answer 17

Kidneys, adrenal cortex, hupothalAmus,

Question 18

What is the hypothalamus?

Answer 18

The thirst center

Question 19

What is adh?

Answer 19

Anitdiuredic hormone,

Question 20

What does adh do?

Answer 20

Released in response to increased bld vol/bp or an increase in sodium in ivf
Regulated amount of h2o kidneys absorb
Released when urine decreases or h2o increSes in kidney tubules

Question 21

What is the raa system?

Answer 21

The renin angiotensin aldosterone and it controls fluid volume

Question 22

Atrial natriuretic peptide or hormone (anp/anh)

Answer 22

Promoted digress (⬆️urine output)

Question 23

Normal intake is what

Answer 23

2500 ml per day

Question 24

Normal intake equals what?

Answer 24

Normal outtake

Question 25

Output is what

Answer 25

Urine, feces, perspiration, breathing

Question 26

Over hydration

Answer 26

Excess of water in the body

Question 27

Edema

Answer 27

Excess accumulation of fld in tissues

Question 28

Third spacing

Answer 28

Edema, fluid accumulated resulting from trauma, infection etc

Question 29

Ascites

Answer 29

Peritoneal cavity

Question 30

Abasarca

Answer 30

Gen edema

Question 31

Dehydration is what type of what?

Answer 31

Often seen type of fluid imbalance

Question 32

What is dehydration

Answer 32

The deficiency of body h2o or excessive loss. | The output is greater than the intake

Question 33

What is dehydration associated with?

Answer 33

Higher sodium and other electrolytes

Question 34

Conditions of dehydration?

Answer 34

Vomiting, diarrhea, diuretic, abuse, decreased fluid intake, excessive sweating etc

Question 35

Early dehydration equals what?

Answer 35

Increased thirst and fluid intake

Question 36

Water is a primary what?

Answer 36

Solvent and compound

Question 37

What does water regulate?

Answer 37

Ph, fluid pressures, temp, inside and outside cells

Question 38

What does water assist with?

Answer 38

Chemical reactions

Question 39

What does water transport in solutions?

Answer 39

Nutrients and O2 to cells and waste from cell

Question 40

What are the three types of solutions?

Answer 40

Isotonic Hypertonic Hypotonic

Question 41

What is an isotonic solution?

Answer 41

Equal pressure in opposite sides of the membrane

Question 42

What is the normal saline solution?

Answer 42

0.9%

Question 43

What is a hypertonic solution?

Answer 43

Stronger solutions, compared to an opposing side of a membrane, causes blood cells to shrink (crenate) because osmosis will draw fluid out of the cell

Question 44

What is a hypotonic solution?

Answer 44

Weaker solution, causes blood cells to swell (hemolysis)

Question 45

What is an electrolyte?

Answer 45

Active chemical or elements

Question 46

What is active chemical concentration measured in?

Answer 46

mEqs

Question 47

How can electrolytes be tested?

Answer 47

In blood by lab testing

Question 48

What is an ion?

Answer 48

An atom that has gain/lost one or more electrons (bonding)

Question 49

What is a valance?

Answer 49

(+ or -)

Question 50

What is a cation?

Answer 50

Na+, k+, ca++, mg++, fe++, h+

Question 51

What is an anion?

Answer 51

Cl-, hco3-, so4--, hpo4--

Question 52

What are cations attracted to?

Answer 52

Anions

Question 53

What is ionization?

Answer 53

Dissociation of compounds into their perspective ions

Question 54

Free standing ions can what?

Answer 54

Combine with other substances to form acids bases or salts

Question 55

Organs involved in homeostasis are?

Answer 55

Kidneys, adrenals, parathyroid sand thyroid glands

Question 56

What does the body require and for what?

Answer 56

All electrolytes for proper functioning

Question 57

What are the Organs involved in homeostatic actions to maintain electrolytes balance

Answer 57

Kidneys, adrenals, parathyroid and thyroid glands

Question 58

What is permeability?

Answer 58

Ability to allow molecules to pass thru membrane

Question 59

What is selective permeability?

Answer 59

A cell membrane that allows only certain munchies to pass thru

Question 60

What size in the membrane affects permeability?

Answer 60

Pore size

Question 61

Blank pressure affects permeability?

Answer 61

Osmotic

Question 62

Blank pressure affects permeability?

Answer 62

Hydrostatic

Question 63

The blank membrane is what?

Answer 63

Capillary membrane- freely permeable

Question 64

Homeostasis

Answer 64

Dynamic process to maintain a balance by adjusting to internal and external stimuli