Powerscore Definitions Flashcards
Logical Opposite
Any statement that contradicts the statement in question. Anything different from the statement.
Polar Opposite
A statement that contradicts the statement in question as completely as possible.
Must be true logical opposite ?
Not necessarily true
Not necessarily true logical opposite?
Must be true
Cannot be true logical opposite?
Could be true
Could be true logical opposite?
Cannot be true
Global questions definition
Broad questions that do not add any new conditions
Local questions definition
Questions that impose a new condition in addition to the initial rules
Linkage Inferences definition
Find a variable that appears in at least two rules and then combine them
Rule Combinations Inferences definition
Look for how two rules interact with each other
Restrictions Inferences Definition
Look for areas in the game where only a few options exist
Dead rule definition
One that no longer needs to be actively considered when solving questions or if it is fully encompassed within the diagram
Active Rules definition
Rules that must still be considered when solving the questions
To introduce a sufficient condition:
If
When
Whenever
Every
All
Any
People who
In order to
To introduce a necessary condition:
Then
Only
Only if
Must
Required/preconditioned
Unless
Except
Until
Without
Sufficient condition definition
An event whose occurrences indicates that a necessary condition must occur
Necessary condition definition
If it occurs then it is possible that the sufficient condition will occur, but not certain
Overlap principle definition
When members of two separate variable sets are both assigned into a fixed number of spaces, there will be an overlap between the groups if the sum of the two groups is greater than the total number of spaces
Defined grouping game
The exact number of variables to be selected is fixed in the scenario or rules
Undefined grouping game
The number of variables to be selected in the game is not fixed, is only limited by the total number of variables
Partially defined grouping game
There is a minimum and/or maximum number of variables to be selected, but the exact number of variables selected in a game cannot be determined
Defined-Moving grouping games
There is an exact number of variables to be selected, but there are still sub-groups within that set that are undefined
Defined-fixed grouping games
There is no movement within the group or any existing sub-group
Double-Not Arrow
Used to represent that two variables can never be selected together
Double arrow
Represents two variables that must always be together
Two scenarios possible under the double arrow
- A and B are both selected
- Neither A nor B are selected
Double arrow phrase indicators
- If and only if
- Vice versa
- By repeating and reversing the terms
Taking the contrapostitive
Two-Value Systems: restriction inferences
Occurs in a defined, balanced games that feature two groups and the rules that create powerful inferences
Hurdle the Uncertainty
Situations can occur during a game where even though you cannot determine the exact variables being selected, you can “leap” that uncertainty to determine that other variables must be selected
Approach for Grouping/Linear Combination Games
- Focus on the grouping aspect of each game and question first
- Focus on ordering rules after as much variables have been as isolated as possible
Pure Sequencing Game Definition
Are games in which all of the rules are sequential in nature. The primary task is tracking the relative positions of the variables.
Pure Sequencing Guidelines (1-5)
- Use lines to represent relative relationships
- Unless ties are ruled out by the game then variables can be equal
- Link variables together that build the most complete chain sequence
- Always check which variables could be in the first and last positions
- Use multi-branch verticals to represent variables whose relationship is uncertain
Pure Sequencing Guidelines (6-8)
- Watch out for rules that create two separate, mutually exclusive possibilities
- Track the appearance of outside restrictions or occupancies by circling the affected variable
- Physical proximity within the diagram does not indicate an actual relationship
Conditional Sequencing
Certain sequential relationships are triggered by other events
Standard Conditional Sequencing Example
(D-F) ——> (X-Y)
Contrapositive: (Y-X) ——> (F-D)
Mutually Exclusive Outcome Example
Either R is taller than S, or else R is taller than T, but not both
R-S or R-T
How to Attack Pattern Games
- The setup will not have a lot of information
- Focus on fully understanding the rules
- Attack any list question first
- Create one or two hypotheticals to better understand the nature of the rules
- Seek out the local questions with the greatest amount of information and use those questions to make more hypotheticals
How to Identify Pattern Games
- The game is linear
- Rules don’t name specific variables
- Rules often involve numbers
- Setup has no placed or fixed variables
- There are very few global questions