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Virology Test 2 > poxviridae 2 > Flashcards

poxviridae 2 Flashcards

1
Q

genus: parapoxviruses

A

includes pseudcowpox

contagious Ecthyma/ Orf

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2
Q

psuedocowpox

A

causes mild sores on test and udders

called milkers nodule when humans infected

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3
Q

pseudo cowpox etiology and epidemiology

A

from genus parapoxvirus

found in most countries

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4
Q

transmission of psuedocowpox

A

infected cattle, contaminated milkers hands, teat cups, insects, semen of bulls

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5
Q

pseudocowpox pathogenesis and clinical signs

A

lesions have hyperplasia of squamous epithelium
signs-infections mild, 5-10% morbidity always
acute= erythema->papules->vesicle-> rupture-> thick scab (0.5-25cm) leaves horseshoe rings of small scabs

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6
Q

pseudocowpox chronic lesion

A

erythema starts, yellow grey scabs

skin is corrugated, no pain, lesions may persist for months

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7
Q

pseudocowpox diagnosis and Ddx

A

horseshoe shaped ring like lesion
use vesicular fluid to diagnose
DDx= cowpox, bovine HPV, vasicular stomatitis, udder impetigo, teat chaps, frost bite

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8
Q

pseudocowpox treatment

A

removal of scabs, burn scabs, application of ointment or astringent

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9
Q

pseudocowpox prevention

A

disinfection, isolation if necessary, reduce teat trauma

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10
Q

psuedocowpox in humans

A

milkers nodule, can be multiple vesicles to a single nodule

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11
Q

contagious ecthyma (CE)

A

AKA Orf or scabby mouth
under parapoxvirus
host=sheep and goats (lambs and kids)
worldwide distribution

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12
Q

CE transmission

A

scabs that fall off contain virus, highly stable in env
virus infects healthy through damaged skin
oral lesions can be transferred to kids and lambs from teats

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13
Q

CE pathogenesis

A

damage of skin essential
delayed type hypersensitivity 8 month immunity
lesions can evolve from macule->papule>vesicle>pustule>ulcers>scab formation

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14
Q

CE clinical signs

A

lesions develop in mucocutaneous junction
spread to muzzles and nostrils
animal displays anorexia and weight loss due to oral lesions
feet lesions can cause lameness
scrotum lesions can cause infertility
secondary infection can occur or malignant version in sheep

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15
Q

CE vaccination

A

prepared from scabs
should not be administered unless disease present on farm
inspect lamb 1 wk after vaccination
1-2 year immunity,
vaccinate pregnant ewes 7-8 weeks before lambing

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16
Q

Orf in Humans

A

those who handle sheep and goats
macropapular lesion finger, arm , hands, face, penis
4-9 weeks, healing without scarring
secondary bacterial infection common

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17
Q

genus: capripoxvirus

A

sheep pox, goat pox, lump skin disease (cattle)

18
Q

sheeppox and goatpox

A

endemic to Africa, Asia and Europe

distinguished by serological techniques and closely related to lumpy skin disease

19
Q

sheeppox and goatpox transmission

A

highly contagious, virus enters respiratory tract and transmission common by aerosol, contaminated iatrogenic materials, mechanical transmission by arthropods

20
Q

sheeppox pathogenesis

A

sheeppox is systemic, incubation followed by leukocyte associated viremia
necrotizing vasculitis occurs (hypersens III) results in ischemic necrosis

21
Q

sheep pox forms

A

malignant and benign

22
Q

sheeppox malignant form

A

initial signs-depression and prostration, fever, lacrimation, edema of eyelids
later signs- 1-2days lesions develop on the skin and on buccal, respiratory, digestive
secondary pneumonia common
star shaped scars from lesions

23
Q

sheeppox benign

A

more common in adults and resistant breeds, only skin lesions occur, mild systemic reaction

24
Q

sheeppox prevention and control

A

notifiable disease in most countries (prohibit importation of animals)
vaccination-a large variety of commercial vaccines are now available in killed and live attenuated form (>1 yr protection)

25
Q

goatpox

A

in africa, asia, europe
reportable
similar to sheeppox
milder in adults, severe in kids alimentary mucosae
flat hemorrhagic for, some european goats and this is high case fatality

26
Q

lumpy skin disease

A 
capripoxvirus
enzootic to africa and middle east
transmitted through arthropod
host-cattle
-fever multiple nodular lesions morbidity 80% in epizootics
-live attenuated vaccine
27
Q

genus-suipoxvirus

A

swinepox

28
Q

swinepox

A 
worldwide
benign generally 
high fatality in congenital infections
transmission-pig louse H. suis can carry virus for weeks to months
transplacental infection can occur
29
Q

swinepox clinical signs

A

transient fever
erythematous macule-papule-vesicle-pustule-ulcers-scab formation
exudative epidermitis (greasy pig disease)
control-eradication of lice from piggery
no vaccine

30
Q

fowlpox (not chicken pox)

A

genus-avipoxvirus
first grown in embryonated eggs
highly infectious in poultry and turkeys
transmission-resistant to desiccation , can survive scabs for a long time
routes of transmission- mouth comb wattles or skin, mosquitos, aerosol root

31
Q

fowlpox 3 forms

A

cutaneous (dry), diphtheritic (wet), ocular

32
Q

cutaneous fowlpox

A 
most common
low mortality
arthropods transmit 
small papules, nodules become yellowish
recovery in four weeks
33
Q

diphtheritic fowlpox

A

droplet infection
involves infection of mucous membranes
lesions coalesce, result in necrotic pseudomembrane, may cause death by asphyxiation
prognosis pure

34
Q

ocular fowlpox

A

conjunctivitis, cheesy exudate under eyelids

35
Q

avipox has these in histology

A

bollinger bodies-eosinophilc granular intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, inside are borrel bodies obtained by styptic digestion

36
Q

fowlpox control

A

vaccination used where endemic disease, applied to thigh or in drinking water, one dose then second 8-12 weeks later
recombinant fowlpox vectored vaccines have been developed
*control mosquito and other biting insects

37
Q

ulcerative dermatitis of sheep

A

infectious disease of sheep, similar to ecthyma
transmission through damaged skin
clinical forms-raw crater lesions bleed easily, can be lip /leg lesion or venereal form

38
Q

ulcerative dermatitis

lip and leg ulceration

A

formation of ulcers on mouth and nose
face lesions occur on the upper lip
foot lesions are seen anywhere between the coronet and carpus of tarsal, face lesions on upper lip

39
Q

ulcerative dermatitis venereal form

A

venereally transmitted ulceration or prepuce of vuvla, ram may become unfit for natural breeding
less severe in ewes

40
Q

diagnostics for poxvirus

A

skin scrapings, EM to determine genus
histo-type B=basophilic protein aggregates, Gaurnieri inclusion bodies
type a or ATI inclusion, strongly eosinophiic
Bollinger and Borrel bodies in avipoxvirus
-pock lesions in Chorioallantoic membrane
-ELISA and PCR also used

Virology Test 2 (7 decks)

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