PPT 1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Gestation
Period of time required for full development of a fetus in utero
Pre-embryonic stage
0-2 weeks
Embryonic stage
3-8 weeks
Fetal stage
9 weeks until birth
When are all organ systems structured?
Week 9
Ectopic Pregnancy
Occurs when a fertilized egg implants and grows outside the main cavity of the uterus
Indicated by pelvic pain laterally off-midline & bloody discharge
Endoderm
Epithelial lining of digestive and respiratory tracts
Lining of bladder, urethra, and reproductive systems
Liver and pancreas
Gastrulation
In the third week of embryonic development, specialized cells (epiblast and hypoblast) undergo a highly differentiated process during which the two cell layers become three germ cell layers
Mesoderm
Notochord
Musculoskeletal system
Muscular layer of stomach, intestine
Circulatory system
Ectoderm
Cornea and ens
Epidermis and skin
Nervous system
The nervous system is formed from which germ layer?
Ectoderm
3 ways to tell vertebrae apart
Orientation of facets
Spinous Processes
Vertebral Body
Cardinal planes
Perfect hinge
What does rostral mean?
Towards nose
Scaption
20-30 degree forward
What makes up the axial skeleton?
Skulls
Sternum
Ribs
Vertebrae
Everything else is appendicular!
The axial skeleton is formed from which germ layer?
Mesoderm
Primary and secondary cruves
Primary: thoracic, sacral
Secondary: cervical, lumbar
What causes spinal curves to form?
Standing & walking - muscles attach and pull
Scoliosis
Side-to-side spinal curvature
Named by the direction of the convexity of the curve in the mediolateral direction and the spinal region of the apex of the curve
3 types of scoliosis
Idiopathic adolescent
Neuromusclar (spina bifida, CP, MD)
Congenital
What is the vertebral arch?
Everything except the body
