PQS - Bacillus anthracis Flashcards
(118 cards)
1
Q
Animals showing clinical signs of anthrax have to be killed, treatment is not allowed
A
F
diseased animals must be treated immediately, with antibiotics or hyper immune serum
2
Q
The agent of anthrax is spreading in the herd very fast from animal to animal
A
F
Not contagious
3
Q
Anthrax is frequently a peracute disease in cattle
A
T
peracute or acute
4
Q
Anthrax is caused by Clostridium anthracis
A
F
Bacillus anthracis
5
Q
Enlargement of the spleen is a frequent postmortem lesion of anthrax
A
T
6
Q
Anthrax can occur only in ruminants
A
F
Ruminant, horse, dog, cat, human, swine, birds
7
Q
Anthrax can be diagnosed by staining blood smear
A
T
8
Q
Anthrax is zoonosis
A
T
9
Q
Incomplete blood clotting is a typical postmortem finding in the case of anthrax
A
T
10
Q
Animals are infected with the agent of anthrax mainly per os
A
T
11
Q
There are no vaccines for the prevention of Anthrax
A
F
Live vaccine
12
Q
Animals are infected with the agent of anthrax mainly per os
A
T
13
Q
Anthrax can cause clinical signs in pigs
A
T
14
Q
Horses are resistant to Anthrax
A
F
15
Q
Generally live vaccines are used for the prevention of anthrax
A
T
16
Q
There is a metachromatic staining in the case of Bacillus Anthracis
A
T
17
Q
Capsule and oedema factor are virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis
A
T
18
Q
Carbon dioxide is needed to the spore production of Bacillus Anthracis
A
F
It is needed for capsule production
19
Q
Capsule is a virulence factor of the agent of anthrax
A
T
20
Q
CO2 is needed for the spore formation of the agent of anthrax
A
F
oxygen and min. 12 °C is needed
21
Q
Pigs are more susceptible to anthrax than sheep
A
F
pigs are less susceptible
22
Q
Oedema factor is a virulence factor of the agent of anthrax.
A
T
23
Q
Human anthrax cannot be treated with antibiotics
A
F
24
Q
Inactivated vaccines are used for the prevention of Anthrax
A
F ( live vaccine)
25
Only herbivorous animals can show clinical signs of Anthrax
F
26
The spore of Bacillus anthracis can survive several decades in the soil
T
27
Bacillus Anthracis cannot produce spores in the infected animals
T
28
Dogs are more susceptible to Bacillus Anthracis than sheep
F
29
Europe is already free from anthrax
F
**Worldwide occurrence**
30
Anthrax cannot be seen in Europe anymore
F
31
Capsule is a virulence factor of B. anthracis
T
32
Cattle are infected with B. anthracis mainly from the soil
T
33
Pigs are more susceptible to anthracis than sheep
F
34
Anthrax is a per-acute or acute diseases in cattle
T
35
Colic is a typical clinical sign of anthrax in horses
T
**in horses**
36
Anthrax can be diagnosed with microscopic examination of blood
T
37
Inactivated vaccines are used for the prevention of anthrax
F (live vaccine)
38
Bacillus anthracis main virulence factor is in the capsule
T
39
The oedema factor is an important virulence factor in bacillus anthracis
T
40
Bacillus anthracis spores: after 1 hour of boiling they are still alive.
T
**High resistance**
41
Bacillus anthracis makes spores only without oxygen
F
42
Anthrax important symptom is high fever
T
43
If the animals have Anthrax and they have a fever, you have to vaccinate them immediately
F
44
For anthrax we use inactive vaccine
F (live vaccine)
45
Humans infected with Anthrax, primarily per os
F
**aerosol or wound infection**
46
Bacillus anthracis, herbivores are especially susceptible
T
47
Bacillus anthracis is not in pig
F ( pigs are less susceptible)
48
Anthrax spreads rapidly in a herd
F
49
Bacillus anthracis is in the soil.
T
50
In anthrax, tracheitis common in carnivores
F
**Pharyngitis is common**
51
Anthrax causes necrotic foci in liver
F
52
Anthrax diagnosis with blood/staining
T
53
Anthrax cannot occur in dogs and cats
F ( ruminants, horse, dog, cat, human, swine)
54
The agent of anthrax can infect only herbivorous animals
F
55
The agent of anthrax is not spreading from animal to animal.
T
56
There is a septicaemia in cattle in the case of anthrax
T
57
Anthrax is caused by Bacillus bovine
F (Bacillus anthracis)
58
The capsule of the agent of anthrax is polypeptide
T
59
Anaerobic conditions are needed to the spore formation of the agent of anthrax
F
**Oxygen is needed !!**
60
Pigs are the most susceptible animals to the agent of anthrax
F ( less susceptible)
61
Animals showing clinical signs of anthrax are not allowed to be treated with antibiotics
F
62
Only capsulated strains of Bacillus anthracis can cause anthrax
T
63
Oedema factor and lethal factor are important virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis
T
64
The clinical signs of anthrax in pigs are more severe than in cattle
F
65
Dogs and cats are resistant against the agent of anthrax
F
66
Only capsulated strain of B. anthracis is virulent
T
67
Toxin is a virulence factor of B. anthracis.
T
68
Lethal factor is a virulence factor of B. anthracis
T
69
Cell wall antigen is a virulence factor of B. anthracis
F (Only capsulated strain)
70
Oxygen is needed to the spore production of B. anthracis
T
71
Spore is a virulence factor of B. anthracis
F
72
B. anthracis can cause blackleg
F
**Blackleg is caused by C. chauvoei**
73
Anthrax is generally seen as a chronic disease in cattle
F
74
In case of anthrax, febrile animals have to be separated and vaccinated.
F
75
Animals with anthrax can be treated with penicillin
T ( also tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones)
76
Anthrax spreads rapidly in a herd from animal to animal
F
77
B. anthracis can only be diagnosed by bacterial culture
F
78
B. anthracis can only be diagnosed by Ascoli test
F
79
Animals suspected of being infected with anthrax should be vaccinated
F
**Vaccinate animals lacking fever**
80
Animals infected with anthrax should be treated with antibiotics.
T
81
Virulence factors of anthrax: capsule, toxin, protective antigen
T
* capsule
* toxin
* oedema factor
* lethal factor
* protective antigen
82
Virulence factors of anthrax: capsule, toxin, cilia
F
**Not cilia**
83
Virulence factors of anthrax: capsule, toxin, oedema factor
T
* capsule
* toxin
* oedema factor
* lethal factor
* protective antigen
84
Virulence factors of anthrax: capsule, toxin, cell wall antigen
F
**Not the cell wall antigen**
85
Anthrax is an epidemic disease that rapidly develops
F
86
Anthrax is a quickly spreading, contagious infectious disease
F
87
For lab examination of Anthrax you always have to send a spleen sample
F
88
Animals can only be infected by anthrax on the pasture
F
89
Sheep, cattle, and goats are the most sensitive animals to anthrax infection.
T
90
Flagella is a virulence factor of B. anthracis
F
91
Anthrax spore is a virulence factor.
F
92
The source of anthrax infection on animals is generally the soil.
T
93
Anthrax appears generally in the form of a local infection in pigs
T
94
Fever is a typical sign of acute anthrax
T
95
Anthrax can be prevented by using a live vaccine.
T
96
Europe is free from Anthrax
F
97
Anthrax is caused by Clostridium chauvoei
F (Bacillus anthracis)
98
Anthrax is not spreading from animal to animal
T
99
Horses are resistant to anthrax
F
100
Anthrax is an epidemic disease that rapidly develops
F
101
Ruminants are the most sensitive to anthrax.
T
102
Animals suffering from anthrax should be treated with antibiotics and hyperimmune sera, they should not be slaughtered
T
103
Causative agent of anthrax is spore-forming bacterium in air
T
104
Anthrax spreads in a herd by direct contact
F
105
In order to diagnose anthrax all carcasses have to be dissected
F
106
Anthrax is an acute disease in cattle with high fever
T
107
Swine is highly susceptible in anthrax
F (less)
108
Splenic fever causes suffocation.
T
109
Splenic fever in cattle is a per-acute/acute disease
T
110
Splenic fever is similar in every species
F
111
Swine anthrax is generally seen in the form of local lesions
T
112
Carnivorous animals are resistant to Bacillus anthracis.
F
113
Incomplete clotting of the blood is a post mortem lesion of anthrax
T
114
Fibrinous pneumonia is a common post mortem lesion of anthrax
F
115
Animals showing clinical signs of anthrax have to be treated with antibiotics immediately
T
116
Horses are more susceptible to Bacillus anthracis than pig
T
117
Only vaccinated animals are allowed to graze on pastures infected with Bacillus anthracis.
F
118
Gastric juice can kill Bacillus anthracis in the meat, so per os infection does not occur in humans.
F
