Practical 1 LAB - Microscope and Cells

Question 1

The amount an image is enlarged

Answer 1

Magnification

Question 2

The extent to which image detail is preserved

Answer 2

Resolution

Question 3

The ability of an image to stand out against its background

Answer 3

Contrast

Question 4

Distance between objective & slide on stage, As you increase the magnification you decrease the working distance

Answer 4

Working Distance

Question 5

Increase the magnification you decrease the field of view

Answer 5

Field of view

Question 6

selectively permeable barrier of cell

Answer 6

Plasma/Cell membrane

Question 7

Plasma/Cell membrane

Answer 7

selectively permeable barrier of cell

Question 8

houses genetic info, controls cell structure/functions

Answer 8

Nucleus

Question 9

Nucleus

Answer 9

houses genetic info, controls cell structure/functions

Question 10

produces ribosomes

Answer 10

Nucleoulus

Question 11

nucleolus

Answer 11

produces ribosomes

Question 12

site of protein synthesis

Answer 12

Ribosome

Question 13

ribosome

Answer 13

protein synthesis site

Question 14

network of tubules that synthesize lipids (fatty acids and steroids), NO RIBOSOMES

Answer 14

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 15

network of tubules that synthesize lipids - fatty acids and steroids

Question 16

packages, sorts, and transports proteins from ER

Answer 16

golgi apparatus

Question 17

golgi apparatus

Answer 17

packages, sorts, and transports proteins from ER

Question 18

peroxisome

Answer 18

small sacs that detoxify alcohol and hydrogen peroxide

Question 19

small sacs that detoxify alcohol and hydrogen peroxide

Answer 19

peroxisome

Question 20

lysosome

Answer 20

contain digestive enzymes that break down molecules

Question 21

contain digestive enzymes that break down molecules

Answer 21

lysosome

Question 22

mitochondrion

Answer 22

generate ATP/energy

Question 23

generates ATP/energy

Answer 23

mitochondrion

Question 24

centrioles

Answer 24

organizing center for growth of mitotic spindles and microtubules, needed for cell division

Question 25

organizing center for growth of mitotic spindles and microtubules, needed for cell division

Answer 25

centrioles

Question 26

cytosol

Answer 26

fluid portion of cytoplasm that surrounds organelles

Question 27

fluid portion of cytoplasm that surrounds organelles

Answer 27

cytosol

Question 28

cytoskeleton

Answer 28

network of protein filaments that extend through cytosol

Question 29

network of protein filaments that extend through cytosol

Answer 29

cytoskeleton

Question 30

x ray

Answer 30

- projected through the body onto a detector - Images form based on which rays pass through versus those that are absorbed or scattered in the patient

Question 31

- projected through the body onto a detector - Images form based on which rays pass through versus those that are absorbed or scattered in the patient

Answer 31

x ray

Question 32

ultrasound

Answer 32

- High-frequency sound waves are used to visualize soft tissue structures in the body in real time.

Question 33

- High-frequency sound waves are used to visualize soft tissue structures in the body in real time.

Answer 33

ultrasound

Question 34

computed tomography scan (CT or CAT Scan)

Answer 34

- Noninvasive procedure that uses X-rays and computer technology - Shows detailed images of any part of the body Ex. Bones, muscles, fat, and organs

Question 35

- Noninvasive procedure that uses X-rays and computer technology - Shows detailed images of any part of the body Ex. Bones, muscles, fat, and organs

Answer 35

computed tomography scan CAT/CT scan

Question 36

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 36

- Uses a magnetic field and radio wave energy to make pictures of organs & structures

Question 37

- Uses a magnetic field and radio wave energy to make pictures of organs & structures

Answer 37

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 38

- Measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow - Relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled

Answer 38

functional MRI

Question 39

functional MRI

Answer 39

- Measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow - Relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled

Question 40

diffusion tensor imaging

Answer 40

- MRI-based neuroimaging technique which makes it possible to estimate the location and orientation of the brain's white matter tracts

Question 41

name stages of interphase

Answer 41

1. G1(GAP1): Cell grows to an appropriate size 2. S(Synthesis): DNA is replicated 3. G2(GAP2) Checkpoint. Makes sure cell is ready to divide

Question 42

name stages of mitosis

Answer 42

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 43

what happens during prophase?

Answer 43

- Nuclear envelope & nucleolus are no longer visible - Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - Spindle fibers form, made of microtubules

Question 44

which stage of mitosis... - Nuclear envelope & nucleolus are no longer visible - Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - Spindle fibers form, made of microtubules

Answer 44

prophase

Question 45

what happens during metaphase

Answer 45

- Chromosomes line up across equator of cell (metaphase plate) - Spindle fibers connect chromosomes to both ends of cell

Question 46

what stage of mitosis... - Chromosomes line up across equator of cell (metaphase plate) - Spindle fibers connect chromosomes to both ends of cell

Answer 46

metaphase

Question 47

what happens during anaphase

Answer 47

- Sister chromatids pulled apart, dragged to opposite ends of cell

Question 48

what stage of mitosis.. - Sister chromatids pulled apart, dragged to opposite ends of cell

Answer 48

anaphase

Question 49

what happens during telophase

Answer 49

- 2 polar sets of DNA, Looks like large cell with 2 Nuclei - Nuclear envelope reforms around each set of DNA

Question 50

what stage of mitosis? - 2 polar sets of DNA, Looks like large cell with 2 Nuclei - Nuclear envelope reforms around each set of DNA

Answer 50

telophase

Question 51

what happens during cytokinesis?

Answer 51

- Cleavage furrow: microfilaments pull inwards on cell membrane - Separates into two cells

Question 52

name layers of epidermis outer to inner

Answer 52

Stratum corneum – Outer most Stratum lucidum – Thin Stratum granulosum – Darkly stained Stratum spinosum – Multilayered Stratum basale: Mitotically Active cells