Practical 3 - Station 1: Perineum

Question 1

What are the structures of the male perineum?

Answer 1

External genitalia

• Scrotum
• Urethra
• Testis
• Penis

Perineal muscles

Anal canal

Question 2

What are the structures of the female perineum?

Answer 2

External genitalia

• Labia
• Urethra

Perineal muscles

Anal canal

Question 3

What are the two triangles of the perineum?

Answer 3

Urogenital

Anal

Question 4

What is the name of the thin sheet of deep fascia that stretches between the right and left of the pubic arch below the pubic symphysis?

Answer 4

Perineal membrane

Question 5

What is fixed to the perineal membrane?

Answer 5

External genitalia

Question 6

Identify

Answer 6

Deep transverse perineal muscle

Question 7

Identify

Answer 7

Bulbospongiosus

Question 8

Identify

Answer 8

Ischiocavernosus

Question 9

Identify

Answer 9

Superficial transverse perineal muscle

Question 10

Identify

Answer 10

Bulbospongiosus

Question 11

What is the nerve supply of this?

Answer 11

External anal sphincter

• Pudendal nerve (inferior anal nerve)

Question 12

What is the main action of the external anal sphincter?

Answer 12

Relaxes from a tonic contraction

Question 13

What is the nerve supply of this?

Answer 13

Pudendal nerve (brnch. perineal nerve)

Question 14

What is the action of the bulbospongiosus in women?

Answer 14

Compresses vestibular bulb

Constricts vaginal orifice

Question 15

What is the action of the bulbospongiosus in men?

Answer 15

Compresses penis bulb

Contributes to erection, orgasm contractions and ejaculation

Question 16

What is the nerve supply of this?

Answer 16

Ischiocavernosus

Pudendal nerve (brnch. perineal nerve)

Question 17

What is the function of the ischiocavernosus in females?

Answer 17

Tense vagina during orgasm

Question 18

What is the function of the ischiocavernosus in males?

Answer 18

Stabilise erection by compressing corpus cavernosum

Question 19

What is the nerve supply of this?

Answer 19

Superficial transverse perineal muscle

Pudendal nerve (brnch. perineal nerve)

Question 20

What is the function of the superficial transverse perineal muscle?

Answer 20

Fixation and stabilisation of perineal body

Question 21

What is the nerve supply of this?

Answer 21

Deep transverse perineal muscle

Pudendal nerve

Question 22

What is the function of the deep transverse perineal muscle?

Answer 22

Fixation and stabilisation of perineal body

Expulsion of semen and urine

Question 23

What is the nerve supply of the external urethral sphincter?

Answer 23

Pudendal nerve

Question 24

What 4 muscles converge towards the perineal body?

Answer 24

Levator ani

Bulbospongiosus

Superficial transverse perineal

External anal sphincter

Question 25

What are the boundaries of the superficial perineal pouch and what is it?

Answer 25

A potential space between the deep and superficial perineal fascia

Question 26

What are the boundaries of the deep perineal space and what important structure is found here?

Answer 26

Deep perineal fascia (below) Superficial urogenital diaphragm (above) Contains the external urethral sphincter

Question 27

What muscle is surrounded by the deep perineal space?

Answer 27

Deep transverse perineal muscle

Question 28

summary of pelvic spaces

Question 29

What are the 4 parts of the male urethra?

Answer 29

Pre prostatic Prostatic Membranous Spongy

Question 30

What is the widest part of the male urethra and why?

Answer 30

Prostatic - opening for ejaculatory duct - can be compressed

Question 31

What is the narrowest part of the male urethra?

Answer 31

Membranous - Contains external urethral sphincter

Question 32

What is alcock's canal?

Answer 32

Canal in the pelvis where the internal pudendal vein and artery pass as well as the pudendal nerve

Question 33

What is the major content of the ischioanal fossa?

Answer 33

Adipose lobules

Question 34

Why is the ischioanal fossa a common site of abscess formation?

Answer 34

E.coli from anal tears

Question 35

What can happen when ischioanal abscesses become large and burst?

Answer 35

They can form fistulae