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Bio lab > practical lab 3 > Flashcards

practical lab 3 Flashcards

1
Q

endoderm

A

inner most layer, lines the primitive gut, and gives rise to the lining of the digestive tract and its out-pocketing such as liver and lungs and vertebraes

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2
Q

which layer forms most of the muscles and organs between the gut and the outer covering of the animals

A

mesoderm

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3
Q

body plan of flatworms (Platyhelminthes)

A

acoelomate body
No cavity between the digestive tract and the other body
Smiplest body form

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4
Q

body plan of round worms

A

pseudocoelomate body plan

it has a fluid filled cavity called as the pseudocoelom. located between the digestive tract and the outer body.

layer of mesoderm under the outer body wall.

tube within a tube body plan

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5
Q

body organizational level seen in the annelids

A

coelomate body plan

have a body cavity known as the coelom , that is completely lined by the mesoderm

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6
Q

round worms

A

Phylum nematoda
example - ascaris

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7
Q

Differtiating feature in males for ascaris

A

At the posterior end males have COPULATORY SPICULE i.e. hook

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8
Q

How are eggs produced in ascaris

A

meiosis within the ovaries

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9
Q

what is the function of copulatory spicule

A

Holding the female’s genital pore open

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10
Q

Function of cloaca in ascaris

A
  1. found at the prosterior end of the intestine and is connected to the anus
  2. collecting area for fecal matter from the intestine and sperms from the seminal vesicle
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11
Q

Type of sperm in ascaris

A

amoeboid and not flagellated

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12
Q

Segmented worms

A

Phylum annelida

earthworms and clam worms

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13
Q

metamerism

A

body segmentation on the phylum annelida

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14
Q

clitellum? and its function

A

saddle like swelling on the dorsal surface of the earth worm

  1. produces a mucus sheath for mating
  2. cocoon formation within which the fertilized eggs are deposited
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15
Q

circulatory system in earthworms/phylum annelida

A

closed circulatory system

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16
Q

Eating pattern in earthworms

A

They are foraging herbivorous annelidas

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17
Q

Steps for food ingestion in earthworms

A

pharynx -> esophagus -> stored in the crop -> gizzard -> large intestine for digestion and absorption

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18
Q

What is the function of typhlosole (in earthworms)

A

increases the surface area for absorption

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19
Q

Excretory organs in earthworms

A

Nephridia

20
Q

how is internal transportation done in phylum annelids

A

It is performed by coelomic fluid

21
Q

How does reproduction occur in earthworms

A

mating by attachment of CLITELLA

22
Q

seminal receptacles

A

bulb like organ which receives sperm from another worm and the sperm received is stored here.

23
Q

What are parapodia? (usually in clam worms)

A

They are fleshy paddle like appendages that may be used for either crawling or swimming

They have a large surface area for gaseous exchange as they are rich with blood vessels

24
Q

Reproductive organs in clam worms

A

Nereis

25
Q

Feeding habits of the clam worm

A

carnivorous in nature

26
Q

phylum arthropoda

A

crayfishes and grasshoppers

27
Q

What are the reasons for the tremendous biological success of the phylum arthropoda?

A
  1. external exo skeleton
  2. joined appendages
28
Q

Where are crayfishes usually found

A

found in aquatic environments with adequate amounts of Ca salts

29
Q

What protects crayfishes from predators?

A

chintinous exo skeleton

30
Q

Differing feature in males and females (externally) in crayfishes.

A

both male and female have the same number of appendages

males have modified first 2 fair of appendages known as swimmeretes

31
Q

what is the function of swimmertes in crayfishes?

A

found in males

they are elongated and can come together to form a trough like channel to transfer the sperm

32
Q

Division of the body of the crayfish

A

the cephalothorax and the abdomen

33
Q

what is the function of the digestive glads in the crayfishes?

A

they are located at the posterior part of the cephalothorax and these glands secrete enzymes and also store food.

34
Q

ingestion/digestion of food in crayfishes

A

mouth -> short esophagus-> large stomach which contain the gastric mill which are used to grind food -> intestine -> ends at anus

35
Q

the osmoregulatory and excretory organ in crayfishes.

A

green glands (they are actually pinkish in color)

36
Q

respiratory system in crayfishes

A

gills, they are highly vasucalireized for gaseous exchange.

37
Q

ostia

A

small holes in the heart of the crayfishes from which the blood renters the heart

38
Q

The division of the body of a grasshopper

A
  1. head
  2. thorax
  3. abdomen
39
Q

how can you tell apart the 2 sexes of a grasshopper

A

the female has ovipositor - > modified terminal segments in the females to lay and position eggs

40
Q

What are the terminal segments in a grasshopper

A

the terminal segments bear the reproductive genital

41
Q

ingestion and digestion in a grasshopper

A

pharynx -> esophagus -> crop (where the food is stored) -> stomach -> attached to gastric caecae -> intestine -> rectum -> anus

42
Q

what is the function of the gastric caecae

A

it is six doubled finger shaped digestive gland which produce enzymes which are secreted into the stomach which aid in digestion

43
Q

what are the malphigian tubules

A

the perform the function of excretion and osmoregulation

they are rich with blood

wastes would enter the tube and are removed via the HINDGUT

44
Q

what are the testes composed of in case of grasshoppers

A

they are composed of follicles

45
Q

what are the ovaries composed of in the case of grasshoppers

A

they are composed of several tapering egg tubes

Bio lab (3 decks)

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