Practice Q's - VTP

Question 1

Several new switches have been added to the existing network as VTP clients. All of the new switches have been configured with the same VTP domain, password, and version. However, VLANs are not passing from the VTP server (existing network) to the VTP clients. What must be done to fix this?

A. Remove the VTP domain name from all switches with “null” and then replace it with the new domain name.

B. Configure a different native VLAN on all new switches that are configured as VTP clients.

C. Provision one of the new switches to be the VTP server and duplicate information from the existing network.

D. Ensure that all switch interconnects are configured as trunks to allow VTP information to be transferred.

Answer 1

Answer: D

Explanation

VTP updates can only be forwarded on trunk links.

Question 2

After implementing VTP, the extended VLANs are not being propagated to other VTP switches. What should be configured for extended VLANs?

A. VTP does not support extended VLANs and should be manually added to all switches.

B. Enable VTP version 3, which supports extended VLAN propagation.

C. VTP authentication is required when using extended VLANs because of their ability to cause network instability.

D. Ensure that all switches run the same Cisco IOS version. Extended VLANs will not propagate to different IOS versions when extended VLANs are in use.

Answer 2

Answer: B

Explanation

VTP version 1 and version 2 support VLANs 1 to 1000 only. Extended-range VLANs are supported only in VTP version 3. If converting from VTP version 3 to VTP version 2, VLANs in the range 1006 to 4094 are removed from VTP control.

Question 3

Which technique automatically limits VLAN traffic to only the switches that require it?

A. access lists

B. DTP in nonegotiate

C. VTP pruning

D. PBR

Answer 3

Answer: C

Explanation

VTP Pruning makes more efficient use of trunk bandwidth by forwarding broadcast and unknown unicast frames on a VLAN only if the switch on the receiving end of the trunk has ports in that VLAN. In the below example, Server switch doesn’t send broadcast frame to Sw2 because Sw2 doesn’t have ports in VLAN 10.

Question 4

Refer to the exhibit.

Switch A, B, and C are trunked together and have been properly configured for VTP. Switch C receives VLAN information from the VTP server Switch A, but Switch B does not receive any VLAN information. What is the most probable cause of this behavior?

A. Switch B is configured in transparent mode.

B. Switch B is configured with an access port to Switch A, while Switch C is configured with a trunk port to Switch B.

C. The VTP revision number of the Switch B is higher than that of Switch A.

D. The trunk between Switch A and Switch B is misconfigured.

Answer 4

Answer: A

Explanation

Switch C can receive VLAN information from Switch A so Switch B can forward it to Switch C without updating its VLAN database -> Switch B is in VTP transparent mode.

Question 5

A network is running VTPv2. After verifying all VTP settings, the network engineer notices that the new switch is not receiving the list of VLANs from the server. Which action resolves this problem?

A. Reload the new switch.

B. Restart the VTP process on the new switch.

C. Reload the VTP server.

D. Verify connected trunk ports.

Answer 5

Answer: D

Explanation

VTP updates can only be forwarded on trunk links.

Question 6

After configuring new data VLANs 1020 through 1030 on the VTP server, a network engineer notices that none of the VTP clients are receiving the updates. What is the problem?

A. The VTP server must be reloaded.

B. The VTP version number must be set to version 3.

C. After each update to the VTP server, it takes up to 4 hours propagate.

D. VTP must be stopped and restarted on the server.

E. Another switch in the domain has a higher revision number than the server.

Answer 6

Answer: B

Explanation

VTP version 1 and version 2 support VLANs 1 to 1000 only. Extended-range VLANs are supported only in VTP version 3. If converting from VTP version 3 to VTP version 2, VLANs in the range 1006 to 4094 are removed from VTP control.

Question 7

A network engineer is extending a LAN segment between two geographically separated data centers. Which enhancement to a spanning-tree design prevents unnecessary traffic from crossing the extended LAN segment?

A. Modify the spanning-tree priorities to dictate the traffic flow.

B. Create a Layer 3 transit VLAN to segment the traffic between the sites.

C. Use VTP pruning on the trunk interfaces.

D. Configure manual trunk pruning between the two locations.

Answer 7

Answer: C

Explanation

VTP Pruning makes more efficient use of trunk bandwidth by forwarding broadcast and unknown unicast frames on a VLAN only if the switch on the receiving end of the trunk has ports in that VLAN

Question 8

When you design a switched network using VTPv2, how many VLANs can be used to carry user traffic?

A. 1000

B. 1001

C. 1024

D. 2048

E. 4095

F. 4096

Answer 8

Answer: B

Explanation

VTP version 1 and version 2 support VLANs 1 to 1000 only. Extended-range VLANs are supported only in VTP version 3. If converting from VTP version 3 to VTP version 2, VLANs in the range 1006 to 4094 are removed from VTP control.

Question 9

A new network that consists of several switches has been connected together via trunking interfaces. If all switches currently have the default VTP domain name “null”, which statement describes what happens when a domain name is configured on one of the switches?

A. The switch with the non-default domain name restores back to “null” upon reboot.

B. Switches with higher revision numbers does not accept the new domain name.

C. VTP summary advertisements are sent out of all ports with the new domain name.

D. All other switches with the default domain name become VTP clients.

Answer 9

Answer: C

Explanation

If a VTP client or server with a null domain receives a VTP message with the domain populated, it will assume the domain of the received message and add applicable VLANs to its database.

Question 10

Which VTP mode is needed to configure an extended VLAN, when a switch is configured to use VTP versions 1 or 2?

A. transparent

B. client

C. server

D. Extended VLANs are only supported in version 3 and not in versions 1 or 2.

Answer 10

Answer: D

Explanation

VTP version 1 and version 2 support VLANs 1 to 1000 only. Extended-range VLANs are supported only in VTP version 3. If converting from VTP version 3 to VTP version 2, VLANs in the range 1006 to 4094 are removed from VTP control.

Question 11

When a Cisco Catalyst switch that is configured in VTP server mode is first booted, which two VLAN ranges are loaded on the switch?

A. All VLANs are in the VLAN database

B. VLANs greater than 1005 in the startup-config file

C. The first 1005 VLANs in the VLAN database file

D. The first 1005 VLANs in the startup-config file

E. VLANs greater than 1005 in the VLAN database file

Answer 11

Answer: B C

Explanation

During switch boot up, the switch compares the content in the vlan.dat file and the configuration in startup-config to determine if it should use the configuration in vlan.dat or startup-config.

When you save VTP mode, domain name, and VLAN configurations in the switch startup configuration file and reboot the switch, the VTP and VLAN configurations are selected by these conditions:

If both the VLAN database and the configuration file show the VTP mode as transparent and the VTP domain names match, the VLAN database is ignored. The VTP and VLAN configurations in the startup configuration file are used. The VLAN database revision number remains unchanged in the VLAN database.

If the startup VTP mode is server mode, or the startup VTP mode or domain names do not match the VLAN database, VTP mode and VLAN configuration for the first 1005 VLANs are selected by VLAN database information, such as the vlan.dat file. VLANs greater than 1005 are configured from the switch configuration file (startup-config file).

Question 12

Which two options are advantages of deploying VTPv3? (Choose two)

A. It stores the VTP domain password securely as a SHA-1 hash

B. It adds an FCS field at the end of each VTP frame for consistency checking

C. It supports the propagation of private VLANs

D. It supports the use of AES to encrypt VTP messaging

E. It can be configured to allow only one VTP server to make changes to the VTP domain

Answer 12

Answer: C E

Question 13

To provide security, a service provider various private VLANs in its backbone network infrastructure to prevent certain VLANs communicating to each other. Which version of VTP supports the use of private VLANs?

A. version 1

B. version 3

C. VTP does not support private VLANs

D. version 2

Answer 13

Answer: B

Question 14

What action should a network administrator take to enable VTP pruning on an entire management domain?

A. Enable VTP pruning on any switch in the management domain.

B. Enable VTP pruning on any client switch in the management domain.

C. Enable VTP pruning on a VTP server in the management domain.

D. Enable VTP pruning on every switch in the management domain.

E. Disable VTP pruning on a VTP server in the management domain

Answer 14

Answer: C

Explanation

VTP pruning should only be enabled on VTP servers, all the clients in the VTP domain will automatically enable VTP pruning -> C is correct.

Question 15

Refer to the exhibit.

If switch SW6 is operating VTP Server and the other devices have the same configuration as SW4, which statement about the VLANs network is true?

SW4# show run | include vtp
vtp mode client
vtp domain cisco
vtp domain ciscotest
vtp pruning
vtp version 3

A. Traffic on VLANs 1 through 9 is flooded to all switches in the network

B. VLANs 1 through 101 are operational on all switch trunks

C. VLANs 1 through 9 are pruned on the link between SW1 and SW4

D. VLANs 1 through 101 are pruned on the link between SW1 and SW2

Answer 15

Answer: A

Question 16

Which statement about the VTPv2 is true?

A. It supports the use of multiple instances

B. It propagates VLANs 1-1005 only

C. It can be enabled on a per-port basis

D. It performs consistency checks only when a new VLAN information is obtained from a VTP message or when information is read from NVRAM

E. It can be enabled on a per-interface basis

Answer 16

Answer: B

Explanation

In addition to propagating VTP information, version 3 can propagate Multiple Spanning Tree (MST) protocol database information. A separate instance of the VTP protocol runs for each application that uses VTP -> Only VTPv3 supports multiple VTP instances -> Answer A is not correct.

VTP version 1 and version 2 support only normal-range VLANs (VLAN IDs 1 to 1005). VTP version 3 supports the entire VLAN range (VLANs 1 to 4094). Extended range VLANs (VLANs 1006 to 4094) are supported only in VTP version 3. You cannot convert from VTP version 3 to VTP version 2 if extended VLANs are configured in the domain.

Only VTPv3 allows to turn on/off per-port basis -> Answers C, E are not correct.

Consistency Checks: In VTP version 2, VLAN consistency checks (such as VLAN names and values) are performed only when you enter new information through the CLI or SNMP. Consistency checks are not performed when new information is obtained from a VTP message or when information is read from NVRAM. Therefore answer D is not correct.

Question 17

Which two statements about extended-range VLANs are true? (Choose two)

A. Created in VTP server mode in VTP version 3.

B. Created when switch is in VTP server mode.

C. They support pruning.

D. VTP version 3 stores extended-range VLAN in VLAN database.

E. VTP version 1 and 2 stores extended-range VLAN in VLAN database.

Answer 17

Answer: A D

Explanation

In VTP versions 1 and 2, the switch must be in VTP transparent mode when you create extended-range VLANs. VTP version 3 also supports creating extended-range VLANs in client or server mode -> Answer A is correct.

Extended-range VLANs range from 1006-4094, inclusive. However, if using VTPv1 or VTPv2, these additional VLANs cannot be configured in VLAN database mode, nor stored in the vlan.dat file, nor advertised through VTP (so answer E is not correct).

In fact, to configure them, the switch must be in VTP transparent mode. VTPv3 removes these limitations: Both normal- and extended-range VLANs can be advertised by VTPv3. Also, with VTPv3, information about all VLANs is again stored in the vlan.dat file in Flash -> Therefore VTPv3 stores the extended-range VLAN in VLAN database (vlan.dat file).

Question 18

Which two of the following procedures can be performed on a VTP server to reset the VTP configuration revision number to 0? (Choose two. Each correct answer is a complete solution.)

A. Disable VTP pruning, then enable VTP pruning.

B. Change the VTP mode to client, and then back to server mode.

C. Change the VTP mode to transparent, then back to server mode.

D. Change the VTP domain name to a non-existent domain name, and then back to the correct domain name.

Answer 18

Answer: C,D

Explanation:
To reset the configuration revision number to 0, you should change the VLAN Trunking Protocol(VTP) domain to a non-existent domain name, and then back to the correct domain name. To change the domain name, issue the vtp domain command.

Alternatively, you can change the VTP mode to transparent mode, then back to client or server mode. To change the VTP mode, issue the vtp mode command from global configuration mode.

To verify that the configuration revision number has been reset to 0, you should issue the show vtp status command.

Before adding a new switch to a VTP domain, you should reset the configuration revision number to 0. If the configuration revision number is higher than that of the other switches in the domain, then the switch can propagate incorrect configuration information to the other switches. This can
cause virtual local area networks (VLANs) to be modified or deleted on every switch in the VTP domain.

The VTP configuration revision number will not be reset to 0 if you disable and then re-enable VTP pruning. VTP pruning can eliminate the flooding of broadcast traffic to switches that have no ports assigned to the virtual local area network (VLAN).

The VTP configuration revision number will not be reset to 0 if you change the VTP mode to client and then back to server. Both server-mode and client-mode switches propagate VTP information.

Therefore, client-mode switches can cause incorrect information to be propagated if the configuration revision number is higher than other switches in the domain. Transparent-mode switches will not propagate its own VTP configuration, but will forward VTP information received from other switches.

Question 19

Which IOS command configures the switch for the VTP mode that will propagate its VLAN database changes to others in the domain?

A. vtp mode client

B. vtp mode server

C. vtp v1-mode

D. vtp transparent mode

Answer 19

Answer: B

Explanation:
To configure a switch to operate as a VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) server, enter the vtp mode server command at the global configuration prompt.

• switch(config)# vtp mode server

There are three modes in VTP: server, client, and transparent. The main differentiator among the three modes is whether a switch can create, modify, or delete VLANs. A Catalyst switch can create, modify, and delete VLANs in server or transparent mode, but not in client mode. However, VLANs created on a switch in transparent mode apply only to that switch, and information about
these VLANs is not propagated throughout the VTP domain.

The VTP server mode sends or forwards VTP advertisements, synchronizes VLAN configuration information with other switches, and saves the VLAN in NVRAM.

The VTP transparent mode forwards VTP advertisements and saves the VLAN configuration in NVRAM. It does not synchronize VLAN configuration information. A switch in transparent mode can create, delete, and modify VLANs, but changes are not transmitted to other switches in the domain. Changes only affect the local switch.

The VTP client mode sends or forwards VTP advertisements and synchronizes VLAN configuration information with other switches. It does not save VLAN information in NVRAM. In client mode, VTP clients only can receive VLAN information from VTP servers.

For added security, you can specify the VTP domain to which the client belongs and a password used to connect to the domain when configuring a switch for VTP client mode. The password is the same for all devices in the VTP domain. The commands to configure a VTP password are as follows:

• switch(config)# vtp domain domain-name
• switch(config)# vtp password password

The vtp v1-mode command reverts the VTP version to version 1 (the default version). Use the vtp v2-mode command to set the VTP mode to version 2.

Question 20

The following commands have been issued on a Catalyst switch:

• switchport trunk allowed vlan all
• switchport trunk allowed vlan remove 1,101-4094
• switchport trunk allowed vlan except 3001-4094
• switchport trunk allowed vlan 1
• switchport trunk allowed vlan add 101-200

Which of the following VLANs is allowed on the trunk?

A. VLAN 1 and VLANs 101 through 200

B. VLANs 101 through 200

C. VLANs 1 through 3000

D. VLANs 1 through 4094

Answer 20

Answer: A

Explanation:
Virtual local area network (VLAN) 1 and VLANs 101 through 200 are allowed on the trunk. The switchport trunk allowed vlan command configures a trunk to carry one or more VLANs. The syntax for the switchport trunk allowed vlan command is switchport trunk allowed vlan {vlan-list | all | {add | except | remove} vlan-list}. VLANs specified in the vlan-list parameter should be separated by commas. However, if a contiguous group of VLANs is specified, the starting and
ending VLAN numbers can be separated by a hyphen.

If no keywords are specified with the switchport trunk allowed vlan command, then only the VLANs contained within the vlan-list parameter will be allowed on the trunk. The all keyword specifies that all VLANs from 1 through 4094 should be allowed on the trunk. The add keyword specifies the VLANs that should be added to the list of VLANs that are already allowed by the trunk.

The except keyword specifies that all VLANs from 1 through 4094 are allowed except the listed VLANs. The remove keyword specifies the VLANs that should be removed from the list of VLANs that are already allowed by the trunk.

In this scenario, the first command issued is switchport trunk allowed vlan all, which allows VLANs 1 through 4094. The second command issued is switchport trunk allowed vlan remove 1,101-4094, which removes VLAN 1 and VLANs 101-4094. Therefore, VLANs 2 through 100 are allowed. The third command issued is switchport trunk allowed vlan except 3001-4094, which specifies that all VLANs should be allowed except VLANs 3001 through 4094.

Therefore, VLANs 1 through 3000 are allowed. The fourth command issued is switchport trunk allowed vlan 1, which specifies that only VLAN 1 should be allowed. The fifth command issued is switchport trunk allowed vlan add 101-200, which adds VLANs 101 through 200 to the list of allowed VLANs.
Therefore, VLAN 1 and VLANs 101 through 200 are allowed on the trunk.

Question 21

You must add a new switch to the existing network using VTP to maintain the VLAN databases.

Which mode should be configured on this switch so that VLANs can be separately maintained on this switch?

A. None

B. Client

C. Server

D. Transparent

Answer 21

Answer: D Explanation:

Adding a switch configured in VTP transparent mode allows the administrator to maintain the switch VLAN configuration information and not advertise its database to other switches in the network.

A VTP transparent mode switch will receive and forward VTP advertisements. The VTP transparent mode switch will not use the contents of the advertisement to synchronize with its own VLAN database.

VTP advertisements are flooded throughout the management domain every five minutes or whenever there is a change. These advertisements originate from a switch that is in server mode and are propagated by switches that are in either client or transparent mode. Before a client or another server accepts or incorporates the information sent in the advertisement, it checks the domain name and password (if defined) against its own configuration. Next, the revision number is checked to see if it is higher than the last value stored in the receiving switch. If the revision number is higher, the receiving switch will overwrite its VLAN database with the information in the advertisement.

The VTP server mode sends or forwards VTP advertisements, synchronizes VLAN configuration information with other switches, and saves the VLAN in NVRAM.

The VTP client mode sends or forwards VTP advertisements and synchronizes VLAN configuration information with other switches. It does not save VLAN information in NVRAM. In client mode, VTP clients only can receive VLAN information from VTP servers.

Question 22

In which VTP modes can you propagate VTP advertisements and create or delete local VLANs? (Choose two.)

A. User

B. Server

C. Client

D. Private

E. Transparent

Answer 22

Answer: B,E

Explanation:

You can propagate VTP advertisements and create or delete local VLANs on a switch when it is in server mode or transparent mode.

There are three modes in VTP: server, client, and transparent. The main differentiator among the three modes is whether a switch can create or delete VLANs. You can create local VLANs in server and transparent VTP modes. However, VLANs created on a switch in transparent mode apply only to that switch, and information about these VLANs is not promulgated throughout the VTP domain.

VTP server mode sends or forwards VTP advertisements, synchronizes VLAN configuration information with other switches, and saves the VLAN in NVRAM.

VTP transparent mode forwards VTP advertisements and saves the VLAN configuration in NVRAM. It does not synchronize VLAN configuration information. A switch in transparent mode can create, delete, and modify VLANs, but changes are not transmitted to other switches in the domain. Changes only affect the local switch.

VTP client mode sends or forwards VTP advertisements and synchronizes VLAN configuration information with other switches. It does not save VLAN information in NVRAM. In client mode, VTP clients only can receive VLAN information from VTP servers. A Catalyst switch can create, modify, and delete VLANs in server or transparent modes, but not in client mode.

VTP user mode and private mode do not exist.

Question 23

Which parameters in VTP advertisements are checked before being accepted and processed? (Choose three.)

A. VLAN ID

B. Password

C. VTP mode

D. Switch name

E. Revision number

F. Management domain name

Answer 23

Answer: B,E,F

Explanation:

The management domain name, password, and revision number are all checked before the VTP frame is processed.

VTP advertisements are flooded throughout the management domain every five minutes or whenever there is a change. These advertisements are originated from a switch that is in server mode and are propagated by switches that are in either client or transparent mode. Before a client or another server accepts or incorporates the information sent in the advertisement, it checks the management domain name and password (if defined) against its own configuration. The revision number is then checked. If the revision number is higher than the last value stored in the receiving switch, the receiving switch will overwrite its VLAN database with the information in the advertisement.

A VTP switch in transparent mode will receive and forward VTP advertisements. It will not use the contents of the advertisement to synchronize with its own VLAN database.

To set the VTP mode of a switch execute the following command at the global prompt. All switches are set to server mode by default; therefore, the command is only necessary to set a switch to client or transparent mode. The command syntax is:

switch(config)# vtp mode {transparent | client}

Question 24

Which IOS command configures a switch for VTP client mode?

A. vtp mode client

B. no vtp v2-mode

C. no vtp mode

D. vtp terminal

Answer 24

Answer: A

Explanation:

To configure a switch to operate as a VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) client, simply enter the vtp mode client command at the global configuration prompt:

switch(config)# vtp mode client

When a switch is in VTP client mode, you cannot change its VLAN configuration. The switch will receive VTP updates from a VTP server in the VTP domain and then modify its configuration accordingly.

For added security, you can specify the VTP domain to which the client belongs and a password used to connect to the domain when configuring a switch for VTP client mode. The password is the same for all devices in the VTP domain. The commands to configure a VTP password are as follows:

switch(config)# vtp domain domain-name switch(config)# vtp password password

The no vtp v2-mode command reverts the VTP version to version 1 (the default version). Use the vtp v2-mode command to set the VTP mode to version 2.

The no vtp mode command reverts the VTP mode back to its default state, which is server mode. To set the VTP mode of a VTP client back to server mode, you can use either the no vtp mode command or the vtp server command.

vtp terminal is not a valid command.

Question 25

Which IOS command enables the VTP feature that eliminates unnecessary trunk traffic being flooded to switches that do not have memberships in particular VLANs?

A. vtp mode client

B. no vtp mode

C. vtp v1-mode

D. vtp pruning

Answer 25

Answer: D Explanation:

To enable pruning on a switch operating in VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) server mode, enter the vtp pruning command at the global configuration prompt.

switch(config)# vtp pruning

VTP pruning enhances network bandwidth usage by restricting unnecessary flooded traffic on trunk links. If a trunk link does not have devices in the VLAN attached, flooded traffic on that VLAN is blocked. VTP pruning can reduce broadcasts, multicasts, unknown traffic, and flooded unicast packets.

Enabling VTP pruning on a switch in VTP server mode enables pruning for the entire domain. Multicast and unicast traffic are not blocked for the VLANs that are not being pruned.

There are three modes in VTP: server, client, and transparent. The main differentiator among the three modes is whether a switch can create, modify, or delete VLANs. A Catalyst switch can create, modify, and delete VLANs in server or transparent mode, but not in client mode. However, VLANs created on a switch in transparent mode apply only to that switch, and information about these VLANs is not propagated throughout the VTP domain.

The VTP server mode sends or forwards VTP advertisements, synchronizes VLAN configuration information with other switches, and saves the VLAN in NVRAM.

The VTP transparent mode forwards VTP advertisements and saves the VLAN configuration in NVRAM. It does not synchronize VLAN configuration information. A switch in transparent mode can create, delete, and modify VLANs, but changes are not transmitted to other switches in the domain. They only affect the local switch.

The VTP client mode sends or forwards VTP advertisements and synchronizes VLAN configuration information with other switches. It does not save VLAN information in NVRAM. In client mode, VTP clients only can receive VLAN information from VTP servers.

The command vtp mode client sets the switch to client mode. It does not eliminate unnecessary trunk traffic.

The no vtp mode command reverts the VTP mode back to its default state, which is server mode. To set the VTP mode of a VTP client back to server mode, you can use either the no vtp mode command or the vtp server command.

The vtp v1-mode command reverts the VTP version to version 1 (the default version). Use the vtp v2-mode command to set the VTP mode to version 2.

Question 26

A new switch that contains a configuration consisting of only VLAN 5 was just added to the network. Now users assigned to VLANs 9 and 10 are complaining of communication problems.

Using the show vlan command, you discover that only VLAN 5 and the default VLANs exist on all your switches.

What could have caused this problem?

A. The new switch had the default password set.

B. The domain name on the new switch did not match the rest of the network.

C. The new switch was configured in server mode and the revision number was lower than the current number in the network.

D. The new switch was configured in server mode and the revision number was higher than the current number in the network.

E. The new switch was configured in transparent mode and the revision number was higher than the current number in the network.

Answer 26

Answer: D

Explanation:

Adding a switch that is configured in VTP server mode and has a revision number higher than the current number in the network could cause the communication problem in the scenario. If the new switch was configured in server mode and the revision number was higher than the revision number on existing switches, it could cause the rest of the switches to update with the information contained in that new advertisement.

VTP advertisements are flooded throughout the management domain every five minutes or whenever a change occurs in the network. These advertisements are originated from a switch that is in server mode, and are propagated by switches that are in either client or transparent mode.

Before a client or another server accepts or incorporates the information sent in the advertisement, it checks the domain name and password (if defined) against its own configuration. Next, the revision number is checked to see if it is higher than the last value stored in the receiving switch. If the revision number is higher, the receiving switch will overwrite its VLAN database with the information in the advertisement.

A VTP switch in transparent mode will receive and forward VTP advertisements. It will not use the contents of the advertisement to synchronize with its own VLAN database.

The password, domain name, and VTP mode will not cause the switch to overwrite the other switches. This is a revision number issue.

Question 27

You made changes to a VLAN, but the changes were not propagated to the other switches in the VTP domain. You enter a show vtp command at the switch where the changes were made, which displays the following output:

What should you do to solve this problem?

A. Disable VTP pruning.

B. Change the VTP operating mode to server.

C. Upgrade the VTP version to version 2.

D. Upgrade the VTP version to version 3.

Answer 27

Answer: B

Explanation:

The output of the show vtp command shows that the VTP operating mode is transparent mode. This means that you can make VLAN changes on the switch, but they will only affect that switch. Changes will not be propagated to other switches in the Layer 2 network. You will need to change the operating mode to server if you want to VLAN changes to be propagated to other switches.

To change the VTP operating mode to server, you would enter the vtp server global command as shown:

switch1#(config) vtp server

You should not disable VTP pruning. This will have no effect on the propagation. You must change the mode of the switch.

You should not upgrade the VTP version to version 2 or version 3. This will have no effect on the propagation. You must change the mode of the switch.

Question 28

You want to create a VTP domain named myvtpdomain and define this switch as one that can be configured with VLANs and advertises VLAN changes to other switches.

What commands should you use? (Choose two.)

A. switch(config)# vtp mode server

B. switch(config)# vtp domain myvtpdomain

C. switch(config)# vtp domain server

D. switch(config)# vtp server myvtpdomain

Answer 28

Answer: A,B

Explanation:

To create a VTP domain and configure the switch so it can configure and advertise VLANs (server mode), use the global configuration commands vtp mode server and vtp domain myvtpdomain.

The VTP domain is created with the command switch(config)# vtp domain {domainname}. The mode of the switch is defined with the command switch(config)# vtp mode {mode}. The possible modes are server, client, and transparent. Server means that the switch can be used to create, delete, and modify VLANs; and send and receive advertisements about VLAN changes.

Client means that the switch cannot be used to create or change VLANs, but only send and receive advertisements, adjusting its own database to match advertisements that it hears. Transparent means that the switch can be used to create, delete, and modify VLANs; but does not advertise those changes to other switches. Any advertisements that a transparent switch receives are forwarded on to other switches, but not applied by the switch.

The commands vtp domain server and vtp server myvtpdomain are not valid due to incorrect syntax.

Question 29

Which parameters are found in VTP advertisements? (Choose three.)

A. Password

B. VTP mode

C. IP address

D. Switch name

E. Revision number

F. Management domain name

Answer 29

Answer: A,E,F

Explanation:

The management domain name, password, and revision number are all checked before the VTP frame is processed. To propagate VTP information between switches, both switches must have a trunk port configured and must have a matching native VLAN, which is VLAN 1 by default.

VTP advertisements are flooded throughout the management domain every five minutes or whenever there is a change. These advertisements are originated from a switch that is in server mode and are propagated by switches that are in either client or transparent mode. Before a client or another server accepts or incorporates the information sent in the advertisement, it checks the management domain name and password (if defined) against its own configuration. The revision number is checked. If the revision number is higher than the last value store in the receiving switch, the receiving switch will overwrite its VLAN database with the information in the advertisement.

A VTP switch in transparent mode will receive and forward VTP advertisements. It will not use the contents of the advertisement to synchronize with its own VLAN database.

The VTP mode, IP address, and switch name are not found in VTP advertisements.

Question 30

In which VTP modes can you create and delete local VLANs? (Choose two.)

A. User

B. Host

C. Client

D. Server

E. Transparent

Answer 30

Answer: D,E Explanation:

There are three modes in VTP: server, client, and transparent. The main differentiator among the three modes is whether a switch can create or delete VLANs. You can create local VLANs in server and transparent VTP modes. However, VLANs created on a switch in transparent mode apply only to that switch, and information about these VLANs is not propagated throughout the VTP domain.

VTP server mode sends or forwards VTP advertisements, synchronizes VLAN configuration information with other switches, and saves the VLAN in NVRAM. To propagate VLAN information, the switch must be configured with a VTP domain name.

VTP transparent mode forwards VTP advertisements and saves the VLAN configuration in NVRAM. It does not synchronize VLAN configuration information. A switch in transparent mode can create, delete, and modify VLANs, but changes are not transmitted to other switches in the domain. Changes only affect the local switch.

VTP client mode sends or forwards VTP advertisements and synchronizes VLAN configuration information with other switches. It does not save VLAN information in NVRAM. In client mode, VTP clients only can receive VLAN information from VTP servers. A Catalyst switch can create, modify, and delete VLANs in server or transparent modes, but not in client mode.

VTP user and host modes do not exist.

Question 31

Which VTP mode and version should be configured on a switch so that its VLAN database can be separately maintained while it forwards all VTP advertisements it receives?

A. Server mode and version 1

B. Client mode and version 1

C. Server mode and version 2

D. Client mode and version 2

E. Transparent mode and version 2

F. Transparent mode and version 1

Answer 31

Answer: E

Explanation:

A switch configured in VTP transparent mode allows the administrator to maintain the switch VLAN configuration information and not advertise its database to other switches in the network. A switch configured in VTP transparent mode using version 1 will only forward VTP advertisements it receives if the version used to send the update is also version 1. Using version 2 it will forward advertisements it receives without checking the version number.

There are two versions of VTP: version 1 and version 2. VTP version 1 is the default. The two versions are not interoperable. To support version 2, all of the switches in a network need to be configured to run in VTP version 2.

To enable, or revert back to, VTP version 1 at the configuration prompt, use the following command:

• switch(config)# no vtp v2-mode

VTP version 2 offers some features that are not available in version 1.

Question 32

Inter-VLAN routing has been operating successfully for several months. Users who connect to a newly installed switch report that they are unable to communicate with the rest of the company’s networks. You decide to ensure that the switch is properly connected to the VTP domain before taking any other troubleshooting steps.

What command would be best used to verify this?

A. switch# show vlan

B. switch# show ip route

C. switch# show interfaces trunk

D. switch# show vtp status

E. switch #show interface

Answer 32

Answer: D

Explanation:

The command show vtp status would be the best command to verify the switch’s connection to the company’s VTP domain. This command displays the version of VTP, the VTP domain the switch is a member of, the VTP mode of the switch, and other configuration settings relating to VTP.

The command show vlan will display the VLANs that exist and the ports that are members of the VLANs, but will not identify whether switch is a member of the VTP domain. If the VLANs that are displayed with this command are the same as those in the VTP domain, it does not necessarily mean the switch is a member of the domain. This data needs to be verified with the show vtp status command.

The command show ip route is used to verify the routing table, but it does not provide any VTP information. This command is used to verify routes to other networks discovered or configured on the switch. It will display the routing protocol used to discover each route, and the next hop used to forward traffic to the destination network.

The command show interfaces trunk is used to verify which VLANs are being forwarded to another device, but does not indicate whether the switch is a member of the VTP domain.

The command show interfaces would not allow you to verify the switch’s connection to the company’s VTP domain. This command would allow you to determine the following features of the switch: