Practice Questions

Question 1

What is the treatment for low grade intestinal lymphoma in cats?

Answer 1

Combination of chlorambucil and prednisolone

Question 2

What is the CHOP therapy protocol for dogs and cats?

Answer 2

Cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and prednisolone - used for high grade intestinal lymphoma in dogs and in cats

Question 3

What classes of bacteria are typically found in cats bite abscesses?

Answer 3

Anaerobes

Question 4

What is toxoplasmosis gondii a public health concern?

Answer 4

Infants may be infected in utero and later

Question 5

What occurs in a Polydactyly cat?

Answer 5

The cat has an opposable thumb - normally cats don’t

Question 6

What drug causes fatal pulmonary oedema within cats?

Answer 6

Cisplatin

Question 7

How does Tritrichomonas foetus appear and how would you treat it?

Answer 7

Flagellated parasite - normally treated with Ronidazole

Question 8

What can yohimbine be used to reverse?

Answer 8

Alpha 2 agonists such as xylazine

Question 9

What can naloxone be used to reverse?

Answer 9

mu agonists

Question 10

What drug should be used for the treatment of ear mites in cats?

Answer 10

Milbemycin

Question 11

Name the disease that is shown below:

Answer 11

Toxoplasmosis

Question 12

For feline odontoclastic reabsorption what should be done once you see them?

Answer 12

Dental radiographs - lesions can be internal and external so dental radiographs should be taken to examine the extent of lesions

Question 13

For skin fragility syndrome in cats:

1. Describe the physiology
2. State how you would make a diagnosis

Answer 13

1. Poorly regulated diabetes mellitus due to hyperA. Hyper A → insulin resistance
2. Diagnosis is supported by abdominal ultrasound - hypertrophied/enlarged adrenal glands

Question 14

What is the treatment of choice for chylous pleural effusion that isn’t responding to medical management?

Answer 14

Ligation of the thoracic duct and a pericardectomy

Question 15

What treatment should be prescribed to a cat that has suffered pyrethrin toxicity?

Answer 15

Methacarbamol

Question 16

What disease is most likely to cause chemosis in a cat?

Answer 16

Chlamydophila felis

Question 17

What are the two main structures responsible for stabilising the tarsus?

Answer 17

The medial and lateral collateral ligaments (if it luxated one way then the opposite ligament has been affected)

Question 18

For Cytauxzoon felis:

1. State how it can be prevented
2. How do cats typically present
3. How do they appear
4. What is the treatment recommendation?

Answer 18

1. Dilgent tick prevention + restrict access of cat to the outdoors
2. Cats present w/ pyrexia, icterus/pallor, anaemia + thrombocytopenia
3. Signet ring shape
4. Hard to treat - atovaquone (antimalarial drug) and azithromycin

Question 19

What drug should be used to reverse medetomidine?

Answer 19

Atipamazole

Question 20

What is the treatment of choice for hairballs in a cat?

Answer 20

Laxatone

Question 21

What is the best treatment for Mycoplasma in cats?

Answer 21

• Doxycycline - treatment of choice (can cause oesophageal strictures - remember to give water following administration of the drug)

Question 22

For ringworm infection in cats:

1. Name the cause and how you would diagnose it?
2. How would you treat it?

Answer 22

1. Fungi flurosceses blue under woods lamp
2. Topical therapy (Lyme-sulfur dip and anti fungal shampoo - Miconazole) combined with oral antifungals (itraconazole and fluconazole)

Question 23

What is the most common cause of oral ulceration in cats?

Answer 23

Feline Calicivirus

Question 24

What should be done to stage mammary carcinomas in a cat?

Answer 24

Thoracic radiographs

Question 25

What is an SSRI that could be prescribed for cats?

Answer 25

Fluoxetine (Prozac) - antidepressant and SSRI treats anxiety related disorders

Question 26

How does the prognosis for mammary gland tumours vary for dogs and cats?

Answer 26

* Mammary tumours in cats carry a very poor prognosis - they almost always have metastasised * Dogs - 50/50

Question 27

What are three side effects of clomiprimine?

Answer 27

Vomiting, constipation, and anorexia

Question 28

Describe three tests that would be diagnostic for cryptococcus in a cat:

Answer 28

* High latex agglutination titres on serum and CSF taps * Numerous small yeasts with large capsules on a CSF tap

Question 29

How long is the inter-oestrous period in a cat?

Answer 29

Usually about 7-21 days

Question 30

Describe the pathophysiology of a Black widow spider bite:

Answer 30

Make a toxin that binds to Ca channels → increased membrane permeability and enhances depolarisation → ascending motor paralysis + destruction of nerve endings occur

Question 31

Why is Ketoconazole not indicated in cats?

Answer 31

Ketoconazole is known to make cats vomit

Question 32

Name the yeast that is shown below:

Answer 32

Microsporum Canis (known to be a cause of ringworm)

Question 33

What is the best diagnostic test for confirming an FIP infection in a cat?

Answer 33

Immunofluorescence staining for coronavirus

Question 34

What is the most common cause of cat scratch disease in humans?

Answer 34

Bartonella henselae

Question 35

Name a drug that can be used to induce emesis in cats:

Answer 35

Xylazine

Question 36

What treatment should be recommended for megacolon in cats?

Answer 36

Cisapride and psyllium

Question 37

What treatments should be given to manage a asthmatic cat acutely?

Answer 37

Parenteral terbutaline with supplemental

Question 38

What is the holding layer of the abdominal cavity?

Answer 38

External Rectus Sheath

Question 39

What is the holding layer of the GI tract?

Answer 39

The submucosa is the holding layer

Question 40

What breeds of cat are predisposed to having a type B blood type?

Answer 40

* Cornish Rex, British Short hair and Devon Rex → all are predisposed to having type B (type B has V.high anti A - important to consider these breeds in blood transfusion reactions)

Question 41

What is the prognosis for small ventricular septal defects in cats?

Answer 41

Typically a very good prognosis - no treatment is required

Question 42

What is the most common cause of post-anaesthetic cortical blindness in cats?

Answer 42

Hypoxia

Question 43

What drug is typically given as a premedication to reduce salivary secretions for ease of intubation in cats?

Answer 43

Atropine - anticholinergic → decreased salivary secretions

Question 44

What stain should be used to differentiate between Nocardia and Actinomyces?

Answer 44

Acid fast stain

Question 45

What is the causative agent for Lyme's disease?

Answer 45

Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 46

What is the cause of Heinz body anaemia in cats?

Answer 46

Acetominophen toxicity

Question 47

What is the vector for tularaemia?

Answer 47

Ticks

Question 48

What are the differences between Heartworm infection of cats compared to dogs?

Answer 48

Cats are more likely to have migration to ectopic regions (the heart and the pulmonary arteries)

Question 49

What virus is lingual ulceration associated with in cats?

Answer 49

Calicivirus Infection

Question 50

What is Symblepharon and what is it typically associated with?

Answer 50

Adhesion of part of the conjunctiva onto the cornea/limbus in cats with herpesvirus induced epithelial erosions

Question 51

What can be supplemented to reduce the rate of replication of Herpesvirus in cats?

Answer 51

Lysine

Question 52

What type of diet would be recommended for diabetes mellitus in a cat?

Answer 52

Should recommend a low carbohydrate diet

Question 53

What diet would you recommend for management of diabetes in a dog?

Answer 53

High fibre diets are useful for regulation of diabetes in the dog

Question 54

What are the two types of Demodex mites that are found in cats. Briefly compare them:

Answer 54

* Demodex gatoi and Demodex cati are the two mites found in cats * Demodex gatoi is short and stubby, whereas Demodex cati is long and slender * Demodex gatoi is contagious to other cats and is pruritic

Question 55

For Gnathostoma: 1. Describe the appearance 2. What is the intermediate host? 3. Where does the parasite live? 4. How do humans get it? 5. How is it prevented?

Answer 55

1. 3cm worm with a spiny head 2. Small Copepod host 3. Adult worm lives in the mucosa of stomach + causes gastritis 4. Caused by ingestion of fish or other animals in humans 5. Control is by preventing cats from hunting in areas. Treatment is by albendazole

Question 56

Name a drug that is poorly absorbed by the GI tract in cats:

Answer 56

Neomycin

Question 57

What is the gold standard treatment for hyperthyroidism?

Answer 57

I-31 therapy (radioactive iodine administration)

Question 58

What is a physiologic leukogram in cats?

Answer 58

* Epinephrine mediated response in cats - excited upon entering a vet clinic * Mild neutrophilia combined with normal to increased lymphocytes and no monocytosis

Question 59

When are Howell jolly bodies seen in cats?

Answer 59

* Small spherical remnants left behind when nucleus is expelled during maturation * Low numbers in horses/cats * Increased in animals receiving glucocorticoids/chemotherapy

Question 60

What is the cause of Heinz body anaemia in cats?

Answer 60

Acetaminophen/onion/garlic

Question 61

What condition is caused by Mycoplasma haemphilus in cats and how should it be treated?

Answer 61

* Blood born infection → anaemia in cats * Treated with AB's e.g. Doxycycline + enrofloxacin

Question 62

What is the treatment for acetaminophen (paracetamol) in cats?

Answer 62

* N-Acetylcysteine, SAMe, Vitamin C and supportive care

Question 63

What are the clinical signs typically seen with Cryptoccosus in cats and where do they typically acquire the infection from?

Answer 63

* Develop a swelling over the bridge of the nose and lesions in the retinas * Cryptococcus is found in pigeon droppings

Question 64

What is the most common cause of cataracts in cats?

Answer 64

Anterior uveitis