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1
Q

A BOD:COD ratio <0.3 suggests

A

Poor biodegradability

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2
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of diastereomers?

A

They have different physical properties

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3
Q

In a galvanic cell, the anode is where

A

Oxidation occur, and electrons are released

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4
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of ductile material?

A

They can undergo significant plastic deformation before failure

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5
Q

Bioremediation refers to

A

Removal of toxic compounds using microbes

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6
Q

Which of the following is not typically removed by coagulation and flocculation?

A

Dissolved gases like H2S

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7
Q

Which of the following molecules is an electron carrier in cellular respiration

A

NADH

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8
Q

Which of the following compounds would show optical activity?

A

Chiral molecule

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9
Q

Which of the following materials shows the highest Young’s modulus

A

Silicon carbide

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10
Q

How many stereoisomers exist for glucose

A

16

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11
Q

Which of the following is the main environmental issue associated with the mining of coal?

A

Release of sulfur dioxide and particulate matter

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12
Q

Which of the following is meso compound?

A

2-3 butanediol

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13
Q

Which of the following statements best explains why viscosity of liquids decreases with increasing temperature

A

The molecules move faster, reducing intermolecular interactions

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14
Q

Which of the following will form a precipitate when mixed with AgNO3 solution

A

KCL

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15
Q

Which statement best describes the environmental role of VOCs in the presence of sunlight?

A

They initiate photochemical reactions forming tropospheric ozone

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16
Q

What is the coordination number for a body centered cubic (BCC) lattice

A

8

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17
Q

What happens if the alum dose in coagulation is excessively high?

A

Water pH drops and residual aluminum increases

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18
Q

Which of the following amino acids contains a sulfur atom in its side chain?

A

Cysteine

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19
Q

In cubic unit cells, the number of atoms shared by adjacent unit cells at a corner is

A

8

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20
Q

A container with an ideal gas is compressed isothermally. Which statement is true?

A

Work is done on the gas

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21
Q

Which is equivalent to 1 meq of Ca2+

A

0.5mmol

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22
Q

Bacteria that thrive in high salt concentrations are

A

halophiles

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23
Q

Cold-loving bacteria

A

psychrophiles

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24
Q

The standard BOD test duration is

A

5days

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25
A polymer that softens upon heating and hardens upon cooling, and can be reshaped multiple times
Thermoplastics
26
What causes **strain hardening** in metals?
Accumulation of **dislocations** that hinder movement
27
Galvanization involves coating with
Zinc
28
What is the main function of the Cas9 protein in CRISPR technology
Cuts DNA at specific sites
29
In a titration, the point at which the indicator changes color is the
endpoint
30
Which of the following is a common matrix material in metal matrix composites (MMCs)
Aluminum
31
Tollen's reagent gives silver mirror with
Aldehydes
32
For a pure substance undergoing phase change at equlibrium, which of the following is true?
The chemical potential at each phase is equal
33
The term net-zero emission refers to
Balancing emitted GHGs with an equivalent amount removed or offset
34
What does the GHS pictogram with a human silhoutte and starburst represent
Health hazard
35
The point on stress-strain curve where plastic deformation begins is called
Yield point
36
Function of a **grit chamber**
Settle out heavy **inorganic** particle
37
A process has delta H = 0 and delta S < 0, at what temperature is spontaneous?
never
38
The Clasius statement (heat engine) of the second law implies
Heat cannot go cold to hot without work
39
During the stationary phase, the net cell growth is
zero
40
For an irreversible adiabatic process, what happens to entropy of the universe
increase
41
What is the product of the reaction of an **alcohol** with **concentrated sulfuric acid** at high temperature
alkene
42
Correct IUPAC name for CH3CH2CHO
Propanal
43
Which reaction type is **Grignard reaction**
addition
44
Technique most suitable for **quantifying mRNA levels** in a sample
Northern blot
45
Technique most suitable for **quantifying DNA levels** in a sample
Southern blot
46
The equivalence point of titration of **weak base with strong acid**
pH < 7
47
If a process emits **0.5 tons of CH4**, how many tons of CO2- equivalent does this represent?
12.5 (from 25(0.5))
48
If Pt ideal is greater than Pt actual
Negative deviation
49
Enzyme used to cut DNA at specific sequences
restriction endonuclease
50
**Methane (CH4)** is a potent greenhouse gas because it
Absorbs infrared radiation very effectively
51
The theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) is always
Greater than COD and BOD
52
Which of the following statements is true about CRISPR-Cas9 technology?
It uses **RNA** to guide the **Cas9 protein** to a specific **DNA sequence**
53
The slope of the **Gibbs free energy** with respect to **temperature** at constant pressure is:
entropy
54
A system contains ice, water, and vapor (triple point) at equilibrium. What happens when pressure is increased slightly?
Ice melts
55
Which of the following best explains why alloys are often harder than pure metals?
Impurities disrupt the crystal lattice, hindering dislocation movement
56
The term **"breakpoint chlorination"** refers to
The dose at which free chlorine residual begins to appear
57
In risk assessment, the risk is defined as
Probability x consequence
58
Which colligative property is most sensitive for measuring **high molecular mass compounds** (like proteins)
Osmotic pressure
59
The number of (pi) bonds in naphthalene is
5
60
For a BCC structure, the number of atoms per unit cell is
2
61
What is the stereochemical relationship between (R,R)-2,3-butanediol and (S,S)-2,3-butanediol
Enantiomers
62
This salth will make the solution basic when dissolved in water
CH3COONa
63
This salth will make the solution neutral when dissolved in water
NaNO3 and KBr
64
This salth will make the solution acidic when dissolved in water
NH4Cl
65
Which of the following statement is true regarding **ceramics**?
They are brittle and have ionic/covalent bonding
66
The enzyme lipase catalyzes
Fat hydrolysis
67
Which washing solution is least appropriate for **BaSO4 precipitate**?
Hot dilute H2SO4
68
What causes a slow rise in pH during the titration of a weak base with a strong acid
Buffer region formation due to conjugate acid
69
Which of the following can cause **coprecipitation**
Too rapid mixing of reagents
70
The compressibility factor Z for a gas equals 1 at
Boyle's temperature
71
Which of the following chemicals is used in the **lime-soda softening** process to remove permanent **hardness**?
Calcium hydroxide and sodium carbonate
72
Which **industrial process** is a major contributor to NOx emissions?
High-temperature combustion
73
Which of the following is an example of a **market-based** mechanism for climate mitigation?
Emissions trading systems (cap-and-trade)
74
Which reaction mechanism is involved in the formation of an **alkyl halide** from an alkane?
Free radical substitution
75
What property is being tested in **Rockwell** or **brinell test**
hardness
76
Stir casting is a fabrication method primarily used for
Metal matrix composites
77
Which of the following is a scope 2 emission source under the GHG Protocol?
Purchased electricity
78
The global warming potential (GWP) of methane over 100 years is approximately
25
79
The **maximum contaminant level** for nitrate in drinking water is primarily to prevent
Blue baby syndrome
80
The **slope of the solid-liquid boundary** in the phase diagram of the **water** is
Negative
81
A tensile test on a specimen shows necking at a stress of 500MPa. What mechanical property corresponds to this stress?
Ultimate tensile strenght
82
Which element was used in the first **fermionic condensate** demonstrated experimentally?
potassium
83
A back titration is used when
Analyte reacts slowly
84
If a metal breaks without noticeable deformation it is said to be
brittle
85
Which bond is the longest?
C-C
86
Which of the following functional groups is present in the compound CH3CH2COOH
Carboxyl
87
Base-catalyzed hydrolysis of ester is also known as
Saponification
88
What is the vant hoff factor for MgCl2 if it dissociates completely
3
89
Simple cubic structure packing efficiency
0.52
90
Which atmospheric layer contains the majority of environmental ozone?
Stratosphere

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