Pre civil war study for test

Question 1

Abolition

Answer 1

The call to out law slavery

Question 2

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Answer 2

a novel written by Harriet Beecher stow that exposed the harsh truth about slavery
Story was about Eliza and Gregor who were slaves and escaped from their owner to Canada but Uncle Tom stayed behind and was whipped to death by his final slave owner
North= increased their protests
South= framed Stowe as a liar/ denied the book

Question 3

Underground Railroad

Answer 3

a network of white aboltionist and free blacks that risked their lives to help free slaves from the south
They would provide clothes and disguise for the runaway slaves

Question 4

gag rule

Answer 4

passed by southerners that silenced northern abolitionists protests to end slavery

Question 5

Antebellum

Answer 5

pre civil war

Question 6

Frederick Douglas

Answer 6

former slave who wrote his own anti slavery newspaper to expose the truth about slavery
- was the most photographed man

Question 7

personal liberty laws

Answer 7

ensures that fugitives have a jury trial and forbade the imprisonment of fugitives

Question 8

Fugitive slave laws

Answer 8

stated that fugitives did not have the right to a jury trial or to even testify on their behalf and that they were to be returned to their slave owners

Question 9

Kansas Nebraska act

Answer 9

proposed by Stephen A. Douglas/ wanted to use popular sovierngty to decide wether Kansas would be a free or a slave state because he already assumed that Nebraska would be a free state
- act repealed the Missouri compromise line because both Kansas and Nebraska were above the line thus making them both legally free states

Question 10

Bleeding Kansas

Answer 10

pro slavery and anti slavery groups in Kansas fought against each other to be the majority in order to vote whether Kansas would be a free or a slave state

Question 11

Popular soviergnty

Answer 11

The power of residents in an area to vote for or against slavery

Question 12

Comprmise of 1850

Answer 12

Proposed by Douglas/ admitted California as a free state and made the fugitive slave laws stricter inoder to maintain the balance of free vs slave states in congress

Question 13

Harriet Tubman

Answer 13

was a succeful conductor of the Underground Railroad who visited the south 19 times to free over 300 slaves

Question 14

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Answer 14

white aboltionist who wrote uncle tom’s cabin to expose the truth about slavery

Question 15

Nativism

Answer 15

The favoring of native born Americans over immigrants

Question 16

Nat Turner/ his rebellion

Answer 16

an enslaved black man who was a gifted preacher that led a bloody rebellion against plantations which regulated in the death of 60 white people mostly children and woman
- his actions caused the white to fight back and led to the death of around 200 black people
- Nat turner was caught and hanged for his crimes

Question 17

William Lloyd garrison

Answer 17

White aboltionist editor who wrote the Liberator with the message to free slaves

Question 18

The liberator

Answer 18

An anti slavery news paper written by William Lloyd garrison with the message to free slaves

Question 19

Emancipation

Answer 19

The freeing of enslaved people without any payment to slave owners

Question 20

Dred Scott

Answer 20

Was a slave who sued for his freedom after living in free states for years

Question 21

Dred Scott v. Standford

Answer 21

a court case presented to the Supreme Court that questioned slavery
- Dred Scott is a slave that sued for his freedom after the death of his owner because he argued that since he had been living in free states for years his should be a free man
- the court ruled that Scott was still a slave because slaves didnt have the rights of citizens and that the 5th amendment protected the property of slaveholders no matter what state they moved to, and that the Missouri comprise was unconstitutional because congress couldnt forbid slavery

Question 22

Sacking of Lawrence

Answer 22

Anti slavery settlers founded the town of Lawrence
Pro slavery grand jury deemed that settlers in Lawrence were traitors and were to be arrested
- pro slavery group burnt down anti slavery headquarters, looted homes, stores, and destroyed newspaper printing presses in Lawrence

Question 23

Know nothing party

Answer 23

A party formed as an alternative to the Whig party and its members (mainly middle class Protestants) belived in nativism and despised new immigrants and Catholics because they belived that they conspired with the pope to overthrow the democracy
- used secret handshakes/ responded with “i know nothing” when asked questions
- split over the issue of slavery
- northern nothings edged twoard the Republican Party
- southern nothing looked for alternatives to the democrats

Question 24

Republican Party

Answer 24

a party that was created by a group of northern Whigs, anti slavery democrats, and free soilers
- party opposed the Kansas Nebraska act/ wanted to halt the externsion of slavery in territories
- main competition was the know nothing party because they targeted the same group of voters
- they had party organizations mainly in the north but lacked a national organization

Question 25

Free soil party

Answer 25

A party that’s consisted mainly of northerners who opposed the extension of slavery into territories because slavery would negativly impact white wage labor workers because they couldn’t compete with slave labor
- the party is for keeping free soil not freeing men
- saw fugitive slave law and repeal of Missouri compromise as a conspiracy to spread slavery in the u.s

Question 26

Election of 1856

Answer 26

Republicans chose john C, Fremont as canidate
Northern know nothings endorsed Fremont
- southern know nothings chose Millard Fillmore
Democrats nominated James Buchanan because he didnt have a stand on the issue of slavery since he spend some time in Europe during the Kansas Nebraska act
- if frémont won the south would succeed from the union
- Buchanan= 47% of popular vote (won)
- frémont= 33% of popular vote
- FIlmore= 22% of popular vote
- in the end James Buchanan won as president

Question 27

Franklin pierce

Answer 27

Was a canadate that was nominated by the Democratic Party and Defeated general Winfield Scott in the election of 1852 thus becoming president

Question 28

Roger B. Taney

Answer 28

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court that ruled that slaves didn’t have the right of citizens and that Scott had no claims of freedom since he was still property protected by the 5th amendment

Question 29

Confederacy

Answer 29

An alliance of people or groups

Question 30

Constitutional union party

Answer 30

Consisted of former know nothings andWhigs that formed a party to ignore the issue of slavery and instead focused on restoring the federal government based on what the constitution said it’s powers were and weren’t
- heavily belived in the Consitution and followed its way

Question 31

Lecompton Consitution

Answer 31

Pro slavery group in leCompton, Kansas wrote a constitution to join the union but the free soilers rejected it because it protected the rights of slaveholders
-president Buchanan endorsed the lecompton pro slavery constitution because he thought the free soilers were overreacting because there were only 200 slaves
- angered Douglas and he persuaded for another vote because of his belief in popular sovereignty
North= a hero
South= traitor

Question 32

Lincoln- Douglas debates

Answer 32

Lincoln challenged Douglas to 7 debates held all around Illinois on the issue of slavery
- in Douglas speeches he was dramatic and had self confidence
- in Lincoln’s speeches he was direct and plain

Question 33

Wilmot proviso

Answer 33

a statement that slavery cannot exist in land gained after the Mexican American war

Question 34

John Brown

Answer 34

a white aboltionist that belived that the only way to end slavery was to fight and use violence
-was very religious

Question 35

Harpers ferry

Answer 35

John brown planned a slave uprising and led 21 men to harpers ferry to seize federal wepons and give them to slaves in order to start a slave rebellion
- no slave joined the rebellion and brown’s men were killed by troops and brown was tried and hanged for treason
- the north admired him as a hero
- mobs in the south assaluted antislavery whites and was convinces the north was plotting slave uprisings

Question 36

Freeport doctrine

Answer 36

Douglas’s response to Lincoln’s question if residents to vote for or against slavery on territoires that haven’t yet become states
- he stated that people should elect representatives that make laws to support their beliefs and think of them on their behalf

Question 37

Jefferson Davis

Answer 37

Senator of Mississippi that was elected as president and noted that compromise was over and that war was inevitable

Question 38

Secession

Answer 38

the withdrawal of a state from the union

Question 39

Election of 1860

Answer 39

Democratic Party v/s Consitutional union party v/s republicans party
Northern democrats= backed Douglas
Southern democrats= backed John C. Breckinridge
Republican Party= nominated Abraham Lincoln because he was a moderate unlike William H Seward who was a successful presidential candate since he wanted to stop slavery from spreading and not entirely stoping it
Consitutional union party= chose john bell
Lincoln won less than 1/2% of popular votes and received very few if any votes from southern states

Question 40

William H. Seward

Answer 40

a senator that had all the credentials of becoming the nomination of the Republican Party but was rejected/ was against slavery

Question 41

Abraham Lincoln

Answer 41

president elected in 1860 that was apart of the Republican Party who opposed the Kansas Nebraska act and wanted to halt the extension of slavery into territories because he belived that slavery was immoral

Question 42

James Buchanan

Answer 42

President elected in 1856 that was nominated by the democrats because he had no stance on the issue of slavery because he spent time in Europe during the Kansas Nebraska act

Question 43

Whigs party

Answer 43

Formed in 1834 by Henry clay because the party opposed Andrew Jackson’s views and belived in the American system and national bank to fund for interal improvements
- Whig party fell due to the north and southern Whigs taking opposing side during the Kansas Nebraska act in 1854
- issue of slavery dissolved the group in 1854

Question 44

What were the results of the election of 1860?

Answer 44

After Abraham Lincoln was elected and before he even took his oath, South Carolina seceded from the union
- 7 states had seceded from the union and Lincoln did not recognize the south as a separate nation so other forigen countries would not make that mistake

Question 45

1858 Illinois senate election

Answer 45

Democratic Douglas v/s Republican Lincoln
Douglas= bellied in popular sovereignty, and that slavery was immoral, and that slavery would eventually end on its own
Lincoln= believed slavery was immoral, and wanted to halt the extension of slavery into teritoires, and laws were needed in order to end slavery