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Pre-eclampsia & gestational hypertension Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

Is pre-eclampsia common?

A

It is indeed

Occurs in 10% of pregnancies world-wide

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2
Q

In what trimester do most eclamptic seizures occcur

A

3rd trimester

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3
Q

What is the only curative treatment for pre-eclampsia

A

Delivery of the baby

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4
Q

What is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality & morbidity

A

Pre-elampsia

(who would’ve thought)

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5
Q

Is their a familial risk for pre-eclampsia

A

Yes

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6
Q

Is pre-eclampsia associated with increased fetal movements

A

Nope

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7
Q

Is smoking a risk factor for pre-eclampsia

A

Oh contraire

It actually reduces the risk lolz

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8
Q

What does pre-eclampsia increases your risk of getting in the future

A

Chronic hypertension

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9
Q

Does IVF increases your risk of getting pre-eclampsia

A

Yes it does

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10
Q

What should be used as prophylaxis for pre-eclampsia

A

Low-dose aspirin

Magnesium sulphate

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11
Q

If a pregnant patient suddenly becomes hypertensice but their urine dipstick is normal, what is the diagnosis

A

Gestational hypertension

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12
Q

What is the 1st line treatment for hypertension in pregnancy (gestational hypertension)

A

Labetolol

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

What are the clinical features of pre-eclampsia in the…

a) face & eyes
b) limbs
c) chest
d) abdomen
e) general

A

a)

Facial swelling

Scotomata (blind spot)

Photophobia

b)

Oedema

Clonus

c)

SOB

Retrosernal pain

Crackles

d)

Splenomegaly

Tendereness

RUQ pain

Ascites

e)

Bruising

Seizures

Headache

Altered mental state

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15
Q

Those with pre-eclamspia sometimes complain of getting ‘blind spots’, what is the term for this?

A

Scotomata

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16
Q

What advice should you give to a patient with pre-eclampsia if they are wanting to have another baby

A

Get them to lose weight

Take low-dose aspirin for 12 weeks prior to delivery

Don’t take statins

Don’t take antihypertensives

Don’t take Vit. C supplements

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17
Q

For sufferes of pre-eclampsia wanting to have another baby, what should you tell them not to take

A

Statins

Anti-hypertensives

Vit.C supplements

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18
Q

What is the difference between essential and gestational hypertension in women who are pregnant

A

Essenetial -> occurs before 20 weeks

Gestational -> occurs after 20 weeks

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19
Q

What is essential hypertension also known as

A

Chronic hypertension

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20
Q

What is the mmHg levels for:

a) mild hypertension
b) moderate hypertension
c) severe hypertension

Study These Flashcards
A

a) (140-149)/(90-99)mmHg
b) (150-159)/(100-109)mmHg
c) >160/>110mmHg

21
Q

What is gestational hypertension

Study These Flashcards
A

Hypertension that is induced by pregnancy, and must occur after 20 weeks of pregnancy and must go away after

22
Q

What MUST happen for gestational hypertension to be diagnosed

Study These Flashcards
A

It goes away after

23
Q

If pregnany ladies get hypertensive, should they be admitted to hospital

Study These Flashcards
A

Only if it’s severe

24
Q

For mild hypertension, how often do you:

a) measure BP
b) measure proteinuria via dipstick

Study These Flashcards
A

a) once weekly
b) each visit

25
For moderate hypertension, how often do you: a) measure BP b) measure proteinuria via dipstick
a) twice weekly b) each visit
26
For severe hypertension, how often do you: a) measure BP b) measure proteinuria via dipstick
a) 4 times daily b) daily
27
What is the definition of pre-eclampsia
Pregnancy induced hypertension and proteinuria (after 20 weeks)
28
What is the defintiino of eclampsia
Prgency induced seizures due to hypertension
29
30
In what trimester does pre-eclampsia occur (not when most seizures occur)
2nd trimester (because it has to occur after 20 weeks you blithering idiot)
31
What are the 2 ways in which hypertension isdiagnosed in pre-eclampsia
2x episodes of mild hypertension (measured 4 hours apart) 1x episode of severe hypertension
32
What are the 3 ways in which proteinuria can be diagnosed in pre-eclampsia and what is the result for each of the tests
Urine dispstick protein: \>1 Spot urinary protein/creatinine ratio: \>30mg/mmol 24hr urine protein collectoin: \>300mg/day
33
Apart from via hypertension and proteinuria, in what other ways can pre-eclampsia be diagnosed
Renal insuffiency IUGR
34
What investigations can be done for pre-eclampsia
BP measuring Urine dipstick Urine protein/crearine ratio (P:Cr) 24hr urine collection Renal & liver function tests Hb Platelets Cardtiotocography
35
Cardiotocograophy is an investigation that can be used for pre-eclampsia, what 2 things are measured
Fetal HR Uterine contractions
36
What are the risk factors for pre-eclampsia
Very young/old for maternal age 1st pregnancy Family history Obesity Multiple pregnancies Diabetes IVF SLE
37
Why is there a famlial risk in pre-eclampsia
As an imbalance of vasoconstrictors and vasodilators can be genetic
38
What are some of the complications to the mother for pre-eclampsia
Eclampsia Severe hypertension Stroke DIC HELLP syndrome
39
What are the complicatoins to the baby in pre-eclampsia
IUGR Prematurity Intra-uterine death
40
Why can complications of pre-eclampsia affect the baby
As it can cause impaired placenta perfusion
41
What are the treatments for pre-eclampsia
Delivery (C-section or induction) Labetolol Methyldopa Nifedipine Magnsium suplhate Steroids (for baby)
42
43
How many weeks before delivery would sufferes of pre-eclmapisa wanting to have another baby take low-dose aspirin
12 weeks prior to delivery
44
What drugs should be stopped if suffers of pre-eclampsia are being treated
ACEis ARBs Anti-diuretics
45
What is HELLP syndrome
A type of severe pre-eclampsia
46
Can a pregnant woman get HELLP syndrome withoug being hypertensive
Yes
47
What are the classic signs of HELLP syndrome
**H**emolysis (-\> anaemia) **E**levated **L**iver enzymes **L**ow **P**latelets (thrombocytopenia)
48
If a sufferer of pre-eclampsia gets a low Hb count, low liver enzymes and low platelet count- what is the diagnosis
Pre-eclampsia complicated by HELLP syndrome

Systems- Repro (14 decks)

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