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Flashcards in Pre-op Deck (27)
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0
Q

Neutrophils

A

2nd line of defense

Fight infection

1
Q

WBC

A

Total white blood count.
Fight infection.
-4,000-10,000 (4-10 on lab print out)
Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils

2
Q

Lymphocytes

A

1st line of defense.
Fight infection.
^neutrophils + low lymp = late stage if infection.

3
Q

Eosinophils

A

Relate to allergies

4
Q

RBC

A

Red blood cell
Contain hemoglobin for transport and exchange of oxygen
Male: 4.7-6.1
Female: 4.2-5.4

5
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Male: 14-18
Female: 12-16

6
Q

Hematocrit

A

Percentage of total blood volume made up by RBCs
Male: 42-52%
Female: 37-47%

7
Q

Platelets

A

Essential to blood clotting

150,000-400,000

8
Q

Sodium

A

Major determinant of extracellular osmolality
Normal: 136-145
Balance between dietary intake and renal excretion
Many other factors also regulate Na in body.
Helps determine how much fluid our body holds onto and how much is excreted

9
Q

Potassium

A

Major cation within cells
Normal: 3.5-5
Excreted by the kidneys
Minor changes have significant consequences…high risk for muscle spasms or heart arrhythmias
K and Na balance each other and control fluid balance in the kidneys

10
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

Normal: 23-30 mEq

Assists in evaluating pH status of pt and other electrolytes

11
Q

Chloride

A

Normal: 98-106 mEq
Gives indication of acid- base balance
Maintain electrical neutrality with Na

12
Q

Calcium

A

Normal: 7.6-10.4 mg/dl

Evaluates parathyroid function, calcium metabolism, monitor renal pts, other uses

13
Q

BUN

A

Blood, urea, nitrogen
Normal: 10-20
Monitors kidney function

14
Q

Creatine

A

Normal: .5-1.1

Monitors kidney function

15
Q

Urinalysis

A

UTI, renal function, diabetes

16
Q

Type & cross match

A

If any risk for blood loss

For matching blood types if extra blood is needed during a surgery with high risk of blood loss

17
Q

ABGs

A

Arterial blood gases

Arterial blood caries oxygen going away from the heart

18
Q

PTT

A

Prothrombin time

Clotting factor

19
Q

Albumin/protein

A

Important for osmotic pressure within the vascular space

Measures nutrition

20
Q

ALT

A

Alanine aminotransferase
Normal: 4-36
Monitors liver function
^ alt when in early stages of cirrhosis and liver damage etc

21
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Reduces anxiety
Induces sedation
Induces amnesia

22
Q

Narcotics

A

Relieves discomfort during preop procedures

23
Q

H2- receptors blockers or proton pump inhibitors

A

Increases gastric pH

Decreases gastric volume

24
Q

Antacids

A

Increases gastric pH

25
Q

Antiemetics

A

Increases gastric emptying

Decreases N/V

26
Q

Anticholinergics

A

Decreases oral and respiratory secretions.

Prevents bradycardia