Pre-Q Physics 2019 Flashcards by Nilay Rama

What are the 7 base units

Second, metre, mole, kilogram, ampere, kelvin, candela

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How to work out absolute error

Measured value - accepted value

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How to work out percentage error

(Error in measurement / accepted value) x 100

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What is accuracy of a measurement

How close measurement is to true value

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What is precision of a measurement

1) How close each answer is to eachother

2) To how many sig. fig. it measures.

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Weight formula

Mass x Gravity

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Density Formula

Mass / Volume

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What is a scalar

A measurement with only a magnitude (size)

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What is a vector

A measurement with magnitude and direction

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Average speed formula

Distance travelled / time taken

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Velocity formula

displacement / time taken

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acceleration formula

△velocity / △time

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What are the 5 suvat equations.

v = u + at
s = ut + 1/2at^2
v^2 = u^2 + 2as
s = 1/2(u+v) t
s = ut - 1/2at^2

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What does suvat stand for

s = displacement
u = initial velocity
v = final velocity
a = acceleration
t = time taken

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Newtons 1st law

A body’s motion will remain constant unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force.

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Newtons 2nd law

F = m x a

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Newtons 3rd law

Every force has an equal and opposite reaction

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What is hooke’s law

F = kx

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Circular motion formula - centripetal force

F = mv^2 / r

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Moment formula

Moment = force x perpendicular distance from pivot

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Momentum formula

Momentum = mass x velocity

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What is impulse

force x time - equal to change in momentum

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Force of impact formula

Force = change in momentum / time taken

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When two or more bodies act on eachother their _________ remains constant.

momentum - Pbefore = Pafter

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Work done formula

Work done (J) = Force x distance moved in direction of force

Power in terms of work done formula

Power (W) = work done / time taken

Kinetic energy formula

Ek = 1/2mv^2

Change in GPE formula

mass x gravity x change in height

efficiency formula

Efficiency = Useful energy output / Total energy input

Pressure in solids formula

Pressure = Force / Area

Pressure in liquids formula

Pressure = Depth of liquid (m) x Density x Gravity

temperature definition

(scalar) measure of average kinetic energy of particles

specific heat capacity definition

the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1kg substance by 1K

specific latent heat definition

the amount of energy per kilogram required to change the phase of the substance at constant temperature.

What is boyle's law

pressure of gas is inversely proportional to volume at constant temperature. P1V1=P2V2

What is charles' law

Volume is directly proportional to temperature at constant pressure. V1/T1=V2/T2

What is guy lussac's law

Pressure is directly proportional to temperature of gas at constant volume. P1/T1=P2/T2

What is combined gas law

P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2

What is conduction

The transfer of heat through physical contact

What is convection

The transfer of heat through fluids

What is Radiation

The transfer of internal energy in the form of electromagnetic waves.

The amount of thermal energy an object can absorb or emit via conduction depends on

- The amount of particles in an object (mass) | - The forces between the particles (material)

Specific heat capacity formula

Q=m x c x ΔΘ

Thermal expansion refers to ___________

The fractional change in the size of material in response to a change in temperature

What is a pulse

A single wave

What is amplitude

Maximum displacement from resting postion

What is Wavelength

Distance between two consecutive points in a phase

What is a period

Time of one full oscillation

What is frequency

Number of oscillations per unit of time

Speed of wave formula

v = λf

Wave behaviour in reflection

Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection

Wave behaviour when light enters more dense medium

Light refracts towards medium

Wave behaviour when light enters less dense medium

Light refracts away from medium

Snells law formula

n = sin i/sin r

refractive index in terms of speed of light formula

n = c/v

refractive index in terms of critical angle formula

n = 1/sin c

Which wave has longest wavelength

radio waves

Which wave has shortest wavelength

gamma rays

The gradient of a line in a speed/time graph represents -___________

acceleration

Higher density means ________ refractive index

higher

What are the 6 colours of visible light dispersed (in order)

``` red orange yellow green blue violet ```

Kirchoff's first law

Charge is conserved around a closed circuit | Total current input = total current output

Kirchoff's second law

Sum of EMF's around circuit = sum of potential difference

What does EMF stand for

Electromotive force (V)

Whats's ohm's law formula

V=IR

When an LDR is in the dark, its resistance is _____, and v.v

high

When thermistor is hot, resistance is _____, and v.v

low

How to calculate % uncertainty

(absolute uncertainty / total reading) x 100

to calculate reading with zero error:

take away positive zero error, | add negative zero error

How to estimate random error

(0.5 x range) - absolute uncertainty

In a magnetic field, lines go from _______ to ________

north to south

Vrms - how to calculate

Peak amplitude / √2

What is Lenz's law

Induced current flows to create internal magnetic field inside loop that opposes change in flux.

What is faraday's law

Size of induced voltage = rate of change of flux cutting through loop.

Formula for flux

V = (delta flux/delta time)

Formula for magnetic field strength

B = flux / area

When alpha decay occurs, the atom loses:

2 protons and 2 neutrons

When beta decay occurs, the atom loses:

Gains one neutron

Pre-Q Physics 2019 Flashcards

(78 cards)