pre quizzes

Question 1

Galileo used a simple tube with——— to observe and collect light from celestial objects.

Answer 1

lenses

Question 2

The amount of light that a telescope can collect increases with the square of its diameter. A telescope that is 8 meters in diameter can collect ——– times as much light as a 1 meter diameter telescope.

Answer 2

64

Question 3

To view the image formed by a telescope we use another lens called ———

Answer 3

eyepiece

Question 4

Telescopes that make use of mirrors to collect light are called ——–

Answer 4

reflectors

Question 5

The first successful telescope using mirrors was built by ————-

Answer 5

newton

Question 6

———- is a type of a telescope that makes use of lenses to collect light.

Answer 6

refractor

Question 7

According to Figure 5.8, hotter objects peak at ———-

Answer 7

shorter wavelengths

Question 8

One can use ——— to determine the speed with which objects are moving in space.

Answer 8

doppler effect

Question 9

When a train blowing its whistle is approaching a stationary observer, the frequency of the sound waves ——- and this is called a ——–

Answer 9

increases, blue shift

Question 10

An incandescent light bulb generates ———–

Answer 10

continuous spectrum

Question 11

The resolution of an image is typically measured in units of ——–

Answer 11

acreseconds

Question 12

Two or more telescopes that are linked together to observe a celestial object are called ———-

Answer 12

interferometers

Question 13

Earth’s atmosphere blocks out all the visible and radio wavelengths coming from space.

Answer 13

false. earth’s atmosphere is transparent to visible and radio wavelengths.

Question 14

The distortion of image caused by the turbulent air in the Earth’s atmosphere is called ——–

Answer 14

bad seeing

Question 15

99.8% of the mass in our Solar System comes from ——–

Answer 15

the sun

Question 15

A technique devised by astronomers to correct for the blurring effects of the Earth’s atmosphere is called ——

Answer 15

adaptive optics

Question 16

———- in the Earth’s atmosphere ends up blocking IR radiation from space.

Answer 16

water vapor

Question 17

———— wavelengths can only be observed from space.

Answer 17

UV, x-rays and gamma rays

Question 18

——– is the smallest planet in our Solar System according to Table: 7.2

Answer 18

mercury

Question 19

Planet Mercury is very similar to ——- in our Solar System in many ways.

Answer 19

the moon

Question 20

The interior of Mercury contains ———

Answer 20

a metallic core the size of the moon

Question 21

Mercury’s surface was mapped out in great detail by ———- spacecraft.

Answer 21

messenger

Question 22

Venus has a very thick atmosphere. The atmospheric pressure at its surface is nearly ——- times that at the Earth’s surface.

Answer 22

100

Question 22

The clouds of Venus are made up of ———-

Answer 22

sulfuric acid drops

Question 22

It takes -------- days for Venus to complete one full rotation on its axis.

Answer 22

243

Question 23

---------- is the major composition of Venus's atmosphere.

Answer 23

carbon dioxide

Question 24

The entire crust of the Earth is divided into a dozen tectonic plates. These plates move due to a process called --------- in the mantle.

Answer 24

convection

Question 25

Most of the Earth's atmosphere is concentrated in the ---------

Answer 25

troposphere

Question 26

The Earth has a ---------- core.

Answer 26

liquid, outer

Question 27

Mars experiences seasons very much like Earth's due to ---------

Answer 27

similar axial tilt

Question 28

Looking at Table 10.1 in Chapter 10, Mars's --------- is almost identical to that of Earth's.

Answer 28

rotation period

Question 29

------------ is the largest volcanic mountain on Mars.

Answer 29

olympus mons

Question 30

Valles Marineris is a ---------- on Mars.

Answer 30

giant tectonic crack

Question 31

Jupiter is mostly made up of ------------

Answer 31

hydrogen

Question 32

The atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn are identical containing three cloud decks. The top most cloud deck is made up of -----------

Answer 32

ammonia ice

Question 33

---------- is the galilean moon with a huge ocean of sub-surface liquid water.

Answer 33

europa

Question 34

Most part of Jupiter's interior is ----------

Answer 34

its mantle of metallic hyodrogen

Question 35

Both Jupiter and Saturn show a banded structure. The lighter bands are zones of --------

Answer 35

upwelling air capped by ammonia ice clouds

Question 36

---------- is the third largest planet of our Solar System.

Answer 36

uranus

Question 37

Planet Uranus has the most extreme seasons in our Solar System as it has an axial tilt of ---------

Answer 37

98 degrees

Question 38

Uranus and Neptune lack ---------.

Answer 38

metallic hydrogen layer

Question 39

The cloud composition in Saturn's atmosphere is identical to that of ---------

Answer 39

jupiter

Question 40

The top most cloud deck in Uranus and Neptune are made up of --------

Answer 40

methane ice

Question 41

---------- is the only moon in our Solar System to host a thick atmosphere and lakes of hydrocarbons on its surface.

Answer 41

titan

Question 42

largest moon of neptune

Answer 42

triton

Question 43

How many planets have rings in our solar system?

Answer 43

4

Question 44

----------- is another moon which spews water rich geysers like Jupiter's moon: Europa.

Answer 44

enceladus

Question 45

Rings of Uranus and Neptune are very dark as they are thought to be made up of --------

Answer 45

carbon

Question 46

--------- mission was sent to study comet: Churyumov-Gerasimenko.

Answer 46

Rosetta

Question 47

The most ancient meteorites are about ---------- years old.

Answer 47

4.6 billion

Question 48

comet halley has an orbital period of ---------

Answer 48

76 years

Question 49

Bodies like Pluto, Eris and Makemake are thought to be residing ---------

Answer 49

the kuipler belt

Question 50

After the New Horizons Mission visited Pluto, the spacecraft ended up visiting another body called -------

Answer 50

arrokoth

Question 51

Comets like Hyakutake and Hale-Bopp have long orbital periods and are thought to be coming from --------

Answer 51

the oort cloud

Question 52

Comet --------- impacted Jupiter in 1994.

Answer 52

shoemaker levy-9

Question 53

The temperature of the Sun's Chromosphere is about --------

Answer 53

10,000 K

Question 54

Majority of Sun's Mass is ---------

Answer 54

Hydrogen

Question 55

The layer of the Sun that immediately surrounds the core is called ---------

Answer 55

Radiative Zone

Question 56

Sunspots ---------- the Photosphere.

Answer 56

are cooler than

Question 57

The upwelling and downwelling motions of gas seen on the Sun are called ------------

Answer 57

Granulations

Question 58

Our Sun generates energy through Nuclear Fusion Reactions in its core. The energy is released by fusing Hydrogen nuclei to form --------- nucleus.

Answer 58

Helium

Question 59

When fusion reactions happen in the Sun's core energy/photons and elementary particles called neutrinos are generated. Neutrinos are ghostly particles that weakly interact with matter. So, it would take --------- for these neutrinos to reach the Sun's surface.

Answer 59

2 seconds

Question 60

At the Sun's core, the temperature is about -----------

Answer 60

15 million K

Question 61

The number of Sunspots on the Sun's surface varies with time. On an average it follows a --------- cycle.

Answer 61

11 year

Question 62

Violent eruptions on the Sun's surface that last typically for 5 to 10 minutes that release tremendous amounts of energy are called ----------

Answer 62

Solar Flares