Pre-test

Question 1

What are the reagents used in an antibody screen?

Answer 1

screening cells, LISS, and check cells

Question 2

What type of patient specimen is used in an antibody screen?

Answer 2

patient serum or plasma

Question 3

What is the purpose of the DAT?

Answer 3

Useful in detecting HDN, HTR, and AIHA

Question 4

What are the components of a DAT?

Answer 4

AHG and patient cells

Question 5

If an Rh control tube is necessary in the Rh testing, and it is positive, the interpretation of the Rh type is _______.

Answer 5

invalid

Question 6

What are the two types of AHG that can be used in blood banking?

Answer 6

Broad spectrum/polyspecific and monospecific

Question 7

Describe broad spectrum/polyspecific.

Answer 7

contains both anti-complement (C3d) and anti-IgG

Question 8

Describe monospecific.

Answer 8

contains either anti-complement (C3d) or anti IgG

Question 9

What is the purpose of the IAT?

Answer 9

detects antibodies or complement attached to RBCs in vitro

Question 10

What are the components of the IAT?

Answer 10

patient serum and screening cells

Question 11

What are two blood bank procedures that incorporate the IAT?

Answer 11

compatibility testing for donor cells and antibody screen

Question 12

What are two tubes included in Du testing?

Answer 12

D test and Rh control

Question 13

What are the steps for Du testing?

Answer 13

1. incubate tubes at 37C for 15 min
2. Using saline, wash cells 3 times
3. Mix 2 drops AHG to each tube, centrifuge on high for 15 seconds
4. Add 1 drop check cells to non-reactive tubes

Question 14

In the fetal bleed screening test, the presence of agglutinated cells indicates that the maternal blood contains possibly a significant number of________.

Answer 14

Rh positive fetal cells

Question 15

What term is used to describe the agglutination that constitutes a positive fetal bleed screening test?

Answer 15

rosette

Question 16

What is the quantitative test performed when a fetal bleed screening test is positive?

Answer 16

Kleihauer-Betke test

Question 17

Who does the AABB require have the fetal bleed screening test performed?

Answer 17

Rh = mothers who deliver an Rh + baby

Question 18

What is another situation that may require a fetal bleed screening test?

Answer 18

abortion

Question 19

What are four conditions that the DAT can detect?

Answer 19

HDN, HTR, AIHA, and drug induced RBC sensitization

Question 20

What are the two components of an auto control?

Answer 20

patient red cells and patient serum

Question 21

What are the components of a crossmatch?

Answer 21

recipient plasma and donor RBCs

Question 22

Two cell populations in a patient specimen can produce what type of agglutination?

Answer 22

mixed-field agglutination

Question 23

What are the components of a forward ABO grouping?

Answer 23

anti-A and anti-B antisera and patient cells

Question 24

What are the components of a reverse ABO grouping?

Answer 24

patient serum and A1 and B cells

Question 25

What can be done to enhance an ABO reaction that is very weak upon immediate spin?

Answer 25

sit at RT for 30 min or incubate at 4C

Question 26

What blood bank procedure is used to resolve a positive DAT?

Answer 26

elution

Question 27

What blood bank procedure is used to resolve a positive antibody screen?

Answer 27

perform antibody panel to identify antibodies present

Question 28

Describe clinically significant antibodies.

Answer 28

IgG which react at 37C and in the AHG phase

Question 29

In a pregnant female, what antibody class is clinically significant?

Answer 29

Rh

Question 30

What is the Rh antibody class the most clinically significant in a pregnant female?

Answer 30

if a mother is Rh+ and baby is Rh= HDN could occur

Question 31

What are the two AABB requirements for routine crossmatching tests?

Answer 31

demonstrate ABO compatibility and clinically significant antibodies

Question 32

Why is the washing procedure before the addition of AHG so important?

Answer 32

to prevent neutralization of AHG by globulins present in blood

Question 33

FFP of the AB group is compatible with what blood group recipients?

Answer 33

all blood groups

Question 34

If check cells are added to a negative AHG tube, and after centrifugation agglutination is not seen, give two possible explanations.

Answer 34

inactive AHG or neutralized AHG

Question 35

What must be done if agglutination is not seen after addition of check cells to a negative AHG tube?

Answer 35

panel must be repeated