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AP Gov > Preassessment Packet > Flashcards

Preassessment Packet Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

What are the three sections of the Constitution?

A

The preamble, the articles, and the amendments

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2
Q

What is the preamble of the Constitution?

A

The preamble introduces the constitution and outlines the goals of the government

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3
Q

What does the first article of the Constitution state?

A

The first article outlines and establishes the Legislative Branch

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4
Q

What does the second article of the Constitution state?

A

The second article outlines and establishes the Executive Branch

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5
Q

What does the third article of the Constitution state?

A

The third article outlines and establishes the Judicial Branch

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6
Q

What does the fourth article of the Constitution state?

A

The fourth article describes federalism

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7
Q

What does the fifth article of the Constitution state?

A

The fifth article outlines the steps to amend the Constitution

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8
Q

What does the sixth article of the Constitution state?

A

The sixth article outlines the Supremacy Clause

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9
Q

What does the seventh article of the Constitution state?

A

The seventh article outlines the steps to ratification

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10
Q

What does the First Amendment cover?

A

Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition

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11
Q

What does the Second Amendment cover?

A

The right to bear arms

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12
Q

What does the Third Amendment cover?

A

No forced quartering of soldiers

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13
Q

What does the Fourth Amendment cover?

A

No unlawful searches and seizures

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14
Q

What does the Fifth Amendment cover?

A

Protection against self-incrimination, double jeopardy, and the right to due process of law

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15
Q

What does the Sixth Amendment cover?

A

The right to an attorney and a speedy and public trial

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16
Q

What does the Seventh Amendment cover?

A

The right to a jury trial for civil cases

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17
Q

What does the Eighth Amendment cover?

A

Protection from cruel and unusual punishments and excessive fines

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18
Q

What does the Ninth Amendment cover?

A

Rights exist beyond the ones stated in the constitution

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19
Q

What does the Tenth Amendment cover?

A

Reserved powers - all nonfederal powers go to the states

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20
Q

What are the Civil War amendments?

A

The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments

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21
Q

What does the Thirteenth Amendment cover?

A

The abolition of slavery

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22
Q

What does the Fourteenth Amendment cover?

A

Equal protection under the law and established citizenship

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23
Q

What does the Fifteenth Amendment cover?

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A

The right to vote for all male citizens

24
Q

What are the three branches of government?

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A

The legislative, executive, and judicial branches

25
What does the legislative branch do?
Make laws
26
What does the executive branch do?
Enforce laws
27
What does the judicial branch do?
Evaluate and judge laws
28
How many members are there in the House of Representatives?
435
29
How many members are there in the Senate?
100
30
Briefly describe how a bill becomes a law.
1. A bill is introduced to the HoR/Senate 2. The bill goes to the committee; they modify and vote on it 3. The bill is debated and voted on by the HoR/Senate 4. The bill is voted on by the other chamber 5. The president chooses to either sign or veto the bill
31
List the past six presidents and their political parties.
Joe Biden - Democrat Donald Trump - Republican Barack Obama - Democrat George W. Bush Jr - Republican Bill Clinton - Democrat George H. W. Bush Sr - Republican
32
How many years are there between presidential elections?
Four years
33
What is the total number of electoral votes available?
538
34
How many electoral votes are needed to win a presidential election?
270
35
Describe the Declaration of Independence.
* Officially separated the thirteen colonies from England * Talks about Natural Rights and the Social Contract
36
Describe the Articles of Confederation.
* First governing document of the United States * Gave almost all power to the states
37
Describe the US Constitution.
* Governing document of the United States
38
Describe Federalist Papers No. 10
* Argues that a large republic was the best way to control political parties (factions)
39
Describe Brutus 1
* Warned against one powerful government ruling over a large area like the US
40
Describe Federalist Papers No. 51
* Talked about checks and balances and the separation of powers
41
Describe Federalist Papers No. 70
* Talked about the importance of a single leader for the executive branch
42
Describe Federalist Papers No. 78
* Talked about the importance of an independent judiciary (judicial branch)
43
Describe the Letters from Birmingham Jail
* Written by Martin Luther King Jr. * Defends the strategies of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience * Claims people have a moral responsibility to break unjust laws
44
When was Marbury v. Madison and what did it do?
1803 * Established judicial review
45
When was McCulloch v. Maryland and what did it do?
1819 * Established supremacy of federal laws over state laws
46
When was Schenk v. United States and what did it do?
1919 * Limits free speech that presents "Clear and Present Danger" (You can't just yell "FIRE" in a crowded theater if there isn't a fire, etc.)
47
When was Brown v. Board of Education and what did it do?
1954 * Ended segregation in schools based on the 14th Amendment
48
When was Engel v. Vitale and what did it do?
1962 * Public schools cannot officially sponsor religious activities based on the 1st Amendment
49
When was Baker v. Carr and what did it do?
1962 * Outlines rules for re-districting (gerrymandering and similar issues, "one man, one vote”)
50
When was Gideon v. Wainwright and what did it do?
1963 * If you cannot afford a lawyer, one will be provided based on the sixth and fourteenth amendments
51
When was Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District and what did it do?
1969 * Students have freedom of speech at school if school operations are not disrupted (including symbolic speech like anti-war armbands)
52
When was New York Times Co. v. United States and what did it do?
1971 * Strengthened freedom of the press and limited prior restraint (government prevention of publication of certain information)
53
When was Wisconsin v. Yonder and what did it do?
1972 * The Amish cannot be forced to send kids to school after 8th grade, free exercise clause based on the 1st Amendment
54
When was Shaw v. Reno and what did it do?
1993 * Race cannot be the only factor in drawing voting districts
55
When was United States v. Lopez and what did it do?
1995 * Congress cannot use the Commerce Clause (congress's power to regulate commerce) to create gun laws
56
When was McDonald v. Chicago and what did it do?
2010 * The Second Amendment is an individual right - selective incorporation
57
When was Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission and what did it do?
2010 * Political spending by corporations is protected by free speech and cannot be limited

AP Gov (6 decks)

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