PREDEFINED AND USER-DEFINED FUNCTIONS

Question 1

these are like building blocks

Answer 1

functions

Question 2

they allow complicated programs to be divided into manageable piecesq

Answer 2

functions

Question 3

4 advantages of functions

Answer 3

• a programmer can focus on just that part of the program and construct it, debug it, and perfect it
• different people can work on different functions simultaneously
• can be reused (even in different programs)
• enhance program readability

Question 4

functions are also called as these

Answer 4

modules

Question 5

functions are like _________________

Answer 5

miniature programs

Question 6

these can be put together to form a larger program

Answer 6

functions

Question 7

in algebra, a function is defined as a rule or correspondence between values, called the function’s __________

Answer 7

arguments

Question 8

predefined functions are organized into separate ______________

Answer 8

libraries

Question 9

i/o functions are in the _________ header, whereas math functions are in the __________ header

Answer 9

iostream, cmath

Question 10

these functions have a return type

Answer 10

value-returning functions

Question 11

they return a value of a specific data type using the return statement

Answer 11

value-returning functions

Question 12

value-returning functions return a value of a specific data type using the _______ statement

Answer 12

return

Question 13

these functions do not have a return type; they do not use a return statement to return a value

Answer 13

void functions

Question 14

to use value-returning functions, you must ________________________________

Answer 14

include the appropriate header file in your program using the include statement

Question 15

to use value -returning functions, you must know the following items:

Answer 15

• name of the function
• number of parameters, if any
• data type of each parameter
• data type of the value returned (called the type of the function)

Question 16

TRUE OR FALSE: the value returned by a value-returning function is unique

Answer 16

true

Question 17

a value-returning function is used in an _________ or in an __________

Answer 17

assignment, output statement

Question 18

the first 4 properties of a value-returning function

Answer 18

heading

Question 19

what type of function is this:

Answer 19

int abs(int number);

Question 20

variable declared in the heading of a value-returning function

Answer 20

formal parameter

Question 21

identify the formal parameter in this example:
int abs(int num)

Answer 21

num

Question 22

variable or expression listed in a call to a value-returning function

Answer 22

actual parameter

Question 23

in value-returning functions, the function type can also be called as these

Answer 23

data type or return type

Question 24

syntax for a value-returning function

Answer 24

functionType functionName (formal parameters)
{
statements
}

Question 25

syntax for a formal parameter list

Answer 25

(dataType identifier, dataType identifier, ...)

Question 26

syntax for calling a value-returning function

Answer 26

functionName(actual parameters);

Question 27

syntax for actual parameter list

Answer 27

(expression or variable, expression or variable, ...);

Question 28

TRUE OR FALSE: a formal parameter list can be empty (no passing parameter)

Answer 28

true

Question 29

once a value-returning function computes the value, the function returns the value via the ______ statement

Answer 29

return

Question 30

return statement syntax

Answer 30

return expression;

Question 31

TRUE OR FALSE: in c++, return is not a reserved word

Answer 31

false

Question 32

when a return statement executes...

Answer 32

- function immediately terminates - control goes back to the caller

Question 33

what happens when a return statement executes in the function main

Answer 33

the program terminates

Question 34

function heading without the body of the function

Answer 34

function prototype

Question 35

syntax of a function prototype

Answer 35

functionType functionName (parameter list);

Question 36

TRUE OR FALSE: in a function prototype, it is necessary to specify the variable name in the parameter list

Answer 36

false

Question 37

TRUE OR FALSE: in a function prototype, the data type of each parameter must be specified

Answer 37

true

Question 38

execution always begins at......

Answer 38

the first statement in the function main

Question 39

when are other functions outside main executed

Answer 39

only when they are called

Question 40

these appear before any function definition because the compiler translates these first

Answer 40

function prototypes

Question 41

this results in transfer of control to the first statement in the body of the called function

Answer 41

a function call

Question 42

after the last statement of a function is executed, control is....

Answer 42

passed back to the point immediately following the function call

Question 43

after executing the function, the returned value.....

Answer 43

replaces the function call statement

Question 44

TRUE OR FALSE: user-defined void functions can only be placed before the function main

Answer 44

false

Question 45

these have similar structures with value-returning functions; both have a heading part and a statement part

Answer 45

void functions

Question 46

if a user-defined void function is placed after main, ...

Answer 46

the function prototype must be placed before the function main

Question 47

this does not have a return type

Answer 47

void function

Question 48

in void functions, this is typically used to exit the function early

Answer 48

return statement without any value

Question 49

in void functions, these are optional

Answer 49

formal parameters

Question 50

a call to a void function is a __________

Answer 50

stand-alone statement

Question 51

void function definition syntax

Answer 51

void functionName(formal parameters) { statements }

Question 52

void function call syntax

Answer 52

functionName(actual parameters);

Question 53

in void functions, it is a formal parameter that receives a copy of the content of the corresponding actual parameter

Answer 53

value parameter

Question 54

in void functions, it is a formal parameter that receives the location (memory address) of the corresponding actual parameter

Answer 54

reference parameter

Question 55

in void functions, this happens when a formal parameter is a value parameter

Answer 55

the value of the corresponding actual parameter is copied into it

Question 56

during program execution, this manipulates the data stored in its own memory space

Answer 56

value parameter

Question 57

in the case of a reference parameter, ...

Answer 57

the address of the actual parameter passes to the formal parameter

Question 58

this is the content of a formal parameter

Answer 58

address

Question 59

TRUE OR FALSE: during execution, changes made by the formal parameter permanently change the value of the actual parameter

Answer 59

true

Question 60

stream variables (such as ifstream) should be _______________ to a function

Answer 60

passed by reference

Question 61

TRUE OR FALSE: you cannot use reference parameters in a value-returning function

Answer 61

false

Question 62

by definition, a value-returning function returns _________ value

Answer 62

a single

Question 63

if a function needs to return more than one value, you should change it to a ________________ and use the appropriate reference parameters to return the values

Answer 63

void function

Question 64

this refers to where in the program an identifier is accessible

Answer 64

scope of an identifier

Question 65

these are identifiers declared within a function (or block)

Answer 65

local identifier

Question 66

these are identifiers declared outside of every function definition

Answer 66

global identifier

Question 67

TRUE OR FALSE: c++ allows nested functions

Answer 67

false

Question 68

in a c++ program, several functions can have the same name, this is called ____________________ or ____________________

Answer 68

function overloading, overloading a function name

Question 68

2 functions are said to have ______________________ if both functions have: - a different number of formal parameters, or - if the number of formal parameters is the same, then the data type of the formal parameters, in the order you list them, must differ in at least one position

Answer 68

different formal parameter list

Question 69

creating several functions with the same name

Answer 69

function overloading

Question 70

this consists of the function name and its formal parameter list

Answer 70

the signature of a function

Question 71

two functions have different signatures if ...?

Answer 71

either different names or different formal parameter lists