Prefixes, Organic and Bio Chemistry Flashcards
(43 cards)
1
Q
1
A
Meth
2
Q
2
A
Eth
3
Q
3
A
Prop
4
Q
4
A
But
5
Q
5
A
Pent
6
Q
6
A
Hex
7
Q
7
A
Hept
8
Q
8
A
Oct
9
Q
9
A
Non
10
Q
10
A
Dec
11
Q
Single bonds
“ane” ending
A
Alkanes
12
Q
Side chains
“yl” ending
A
Alkyls
13
Q
Same as alkyls but use “o” ending
chloro, bromo etc
A
Halogens
14
Q
In a ring or circle
A
Cyclo
15
Q
Double bonds
“ene” ending
A
Alkene
16
Q
Triple bond
“yne” ending
A
Alkynes
17
Q
Hydroxyl (OH) group attached to only one other carbon
Only OH
"anol" ending
H
|
R-C-OH
|
H
A
Alcohol
18
Q
Carboxyl (O) group that is attached to only one other carbon
O Attached to the end
“al” ending
O=C-C-C
A
Aldehyde
19
Q
Carboxyl (O) group attached to a carbon that is attached to only two other carbons
On middle carbon
"anone" ending
O
II
R-C-R
A
Ketone
20
Q
Carboxyl group and hydroxyl group attached to end carbon
Both O and OH at the end of the chain
“anoic” ending
A
Carboxylic acid
21
Q
Oxygen between two carbon groups
R-O-R1
A
Ether
22
Q
Nh2 group attached to a carbon THAT is attached end carbon
Only NH2
A
Amine
23
Q
NH2 and carboxyl attached to an end carbon
NH2 and O
A
Amide
24
Q
Monomer
A
Basic unit
25
Polymer
Made up of polymers
26
3 biochemicals
Fats
Carbs
Proteins
27
Carbs
Plants use them for structure
| Living things use as key source of energy
28
Monosaccharides
C6H12O6
| Simple sugars
29
Glucose
Mild sweet flavor, blood sugar
Found in every disaccharide and polysaccharide
Monosaccharide
30
Fructose
Sweetest sugar, found in fruits and honey
| Monosaccharide
31
Galactose
Hardly tastes sweet, rarely found naturally as a single sugar
Monosaccharide
32
Disaccharide
C12H22O11
| Double sugar
33
Hydrolysis
Breaking a disaccharide
| Produce glucose and maltose
34
Maltose
2 glucose units
| Made when starch breaks down
35
Condensation
Making a disaccharide chemical reaction linking 2 monosaccharides
36
Sucrose
Fructose and glucose
Tastes sweet
In fruits, vegetables, grains, table sugar, sugar beets
37
Lactose
Glucose and galactose main carb in milk and is known as milk sugar
38
Polysaccharide
3 or more simple sugar units
39
Glycogen
Animal starch in liver and muscles
40
Cellulose
Cell walls
41
Starches
Energy source
Reserve carb of plants
Made of amylose and amylopectin
42
Carb digestion
Breaks down into glucose body is able to absorb and use
43
Dehydration synthesis
Combine simple molecules to form a more complex one w the removal of water
