Pregnancy And Paediatrics Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the management for backache in pregnancy?
Advise light exercise (contraindicated in pre eclampsia)
What the management of constipation in pregnancy?
Increase fluid and fibre intake
Bulk forming agent - ispaghula husk
What is the treatment for headaches in pregnancy?
Tension headache:
Check BP and proteinuria to exclude pre-eclampsia
Rest and analgesia
What is the treatment for heartburn in pregnancy?
Bland foods
Smaller portions more freq
Avoid eating to close to bedtime
What is the management of hypotension in pregnancy?
Avoid standing up suddenly and hot baths
What is the treatment for insomnia in pregnancy?
Reassure
Avoid drugs
What are some signs in pregnancy that require reassurance?
Breast soreness Fatigue Sweating and feeling hot Itching - but exclude infections N/V - manage like heart burn Nose bleed and gum bleeds Peripheral parasthesia Carpal tunnel syndrome, lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
What is the management of varicose veins and ankle swelling in pregnancy?
Exclude DVT.
Elevate legs, support stockings and encourage walking
What are some common dermatology conditions seen in infants?
Jaundice- normal at birth Mongolian spots - usually fade away Erthyema toxicum - red+rasied - normal Mila - tiny white bumps - resolve by themselves New-born dry skin Cradle cap Baby acne - temporary not treatment required Heat rash - adjust temp e.g armpits Eczema - moisturisers
What are the cause of rashes in older children?
Measles Scarlet fever Rubella Erythema infectiosum Roseola infantum Chickenpox
What is functional constipation in infants/children?
Constipation with no obvious underlying cause/idiopathic
What is the management of functional constipation?
Advise - scheduled toileting, diet and lifestyle - fluid intake, high fibre
Prescribe - Movicol - don’t take of suddenly have to be weaned off
Refer if red flags present - including motor delay, abnormalities in lumbosacral and gluteal region, anus.
Follow up if not improved and check if laxative worked and advise on how to wean off period of months
What are the clinical features of perthes disease?
Uncommon condition affects children of 3-11 yrs old
Blood supply disruption which cause the bone to deteriorate
Pain, limping and limited movement of the hip joint
Thinner muscles on affected leg
Shortening or uneven leg length
What is the management of pethes disease?
Avoid high impact activities like running and jumping until hip joint heals
Most children recover from perthes disease but it can take 2 or more year to return to normal
What are other orthopaedic conditions affecting children?
Osgood-schlatter disease
SUFE
What is infantile colic?
Self-limiting condition - repeated episodes of excessive, inconsolable crying in an infant that otherwise appears healthy
3hrs a day, 3 days a week and at least 1 week in an infant up to 4 months of age with no evidence of faltering growth
What are the differential diagnosis of infantile colic?
Infant reflux
Dietary intolerance - cows milk allergy
Pyloric stenosis
What are the cause of toddler diarrhoea?
Infection
Dietary intolerance - keep food diary
IBD - blood/mucus in stool - older children
Coeliac disease - bloating, lack of weight gain due to absorption being affected
What are the clinical features of threadworm?
Transmitted by falcal oral route
Often affects children and household contacts
Intense perianal itching worse during the night
Can be asymptomatic an only become aware when thread-like worms are seen on Perianal skin or stools Or in females in genital area
What treatment of threadworms?
Adults and children over 2 yrs old - antihelmintic (mebendazole) with hygiene measures
Pregnant/breastfeeding and children under 2 only hygiene measures is recommend
