Prejudice and Discrimination Flashcards
(23 cards)
prejudice definition
unfavourable attitude towards a social group and its members
Dehumanisation
stripping people of their dignity and humanity
Genocide
the ultimate expression of prejudice by exterminating an entire group
can be practiced directly and indirectly (massive material disadvantage)
Three-component attitude model
an attitude consists of
1 cognitive -> beliefs about a group
2 affective -> strong (usually negative) feelings about a group and its possess
3 conative-> intention to behave in certain ways against a group
Sexism
prejudice and discrimination against people based on their gender
Role congruity theory (übereinstimmung)
mainly applied to the gender gap in leadership-because social stereotypes of women are inconsistent with peoples schemas of effective leadership, women are evaluated as poor leader
Gender
sex-stereotypical attitudes of a person
Glass-ceiling
an invisible barrier that persists women and minorities, from attaining top leadership positions
glass-cliff
a tendency for women rather than men to be appointed to precarious leadership positions associated with a high probability of failure and criticism
Face-ism
media depiction that gives greater prominence to the head and less prominence to the body for men and vice versa for women
Racism
prejudice and discrimination against people based on their ethnicity or race
Implicit-association test
- idea is that categories and their stereotypical attributes are implicit linked in memory
- > concealed prejudice can be detected
- reaction time test
Ageism
prejudice and discrimination against people based on their age
Tokenism
refers to a relatively small or trivial positive act, a token, towards members of a minority group in order to deflect accusations of prejudice and discrimination
Reverse discrimination
a more extreme form of tokenism
- The practice of publicy being prejudiced in favor of a minority group in order to deflect accusations of prejudice and discrimination against that group
Stereotype threat
-feeling that we will be judged and treated in terms of negative stereotypes of our groups and that we will inadvententely confirm these stereotypes through our behavior
Self-fulling prophecy
expectations and assumptions about a person that influence our interaction with that person and eventually change their behavior in line with our expectations
frustration-agression hypothesis
theory that all frustration leads to aggression and all aggression comes from frustration
- used to explain prejudice and intergroup aggression
scapegoat
individual or group that become target for anger and frustration caused by a different individual or some other sets or circumstances
Dogmatism
Einstellung, dass es feste unbezweifelbare Aussagen und Auffassungen gibst
Social dominance theory
explains the extent to which people accept or reject societal ideologies or myths that legitimize hierarchy and discrimination or that legitimizes equality and fairness
System justification theory
the theory argues that certain social conditions cause people to resist social change and instead justify and protect the existing social system, even if it maintains one’s own group’s position of disadvantage
Belief congruence theory (Ansichts Überinstimmung)
similar beliefs promote liking and social harmony among people while dissimilar beliefs produce dislike and prejudice
