PRELIM EXAM

Question 1

It is the study of how language serves and is shaped by the social nature of human beings. In its broadest conception, it analyzes the many diverse ways in which language and society entwine.

Answer 1

Socio linguistics

Question 2

It is the phenomenon of speaking and understanding two languages.

Answer 2

Bilingualism

Question 3

One of the four main components of language that governs the rules of combining words to form sentences, including sentence structure and word order.

Answer 3

syntax

Question 4

The assimilation of language which the community shifts to different languages in an extended period of time.

Answer 4

language shift

Question 5

It is the process by which a language’s structure and use change over time. These changes can affect the sound, meaning, and structure of a language.

Answer 5

language change

Question 6

This type of language changes in which the addition of new words or the borrowing of words from other languages occurs.

Answer 6

lexical change

Question 7

This type of language changes occurs when there is changes to the meaning of words, such as when a word’s connotation changes from positive to negative.

Answer 7

semantic change

Question 8

This refers to the changes in the sound of a language that affect the pronunciation of words. Specifically, this relates to any changes in the phonological or phonetic structure of the language.

Answer 8

lexical change (phonetic and phonological changes)

Question 9

This language change may happen when the minority group supports the minority language’s used in a number of domains.

Answer 9

attitude and values in language shift

Question 10

This happened when a group of speakers relocates to an area or nation, where the language is different from their own, they are more likely to adopt the new language.

Answer 10

social factor in language shift

Question 11

When someone alternates between languages or dialects within a single conversation or situation.

Answer 11

code switching

Question 12

It happens when a single word or a tag phrase switched from one language to another.

Answer 12

code switching

Question 13

It is the process by which a language loses its last native speaker and eventually becomes extinct. It is also called language extinction.

Answer 13

language death

Question 14

The process of making a language spoken again when it is endangered or extinct. It is a subfield of linguistics that aims to preserve linguistic diversity and cultural heritage.

Answer 14

language revival

Question 15

One person could actually adopt the enunciation or how another person spoke out his utterance towards the other, with this, change takes place.

Answer 15

lexical change (phonetic and phonological changes)

Question 16

What do you call when a person can communicate in more than one language actively (through speaking, writing, or signing).

Answer 16

multilingual

Question 17

Tagalog had its own writing system based on an ancient script called the that uses a syllabic alphabet.

Answer 17

baybayin

Question 18

It is also known as language extinction.

Answer 18

language death

Question 19

What is another term of the word code-switching?

Answer 19

code mixing

Question 20

How many are the major dialects in the Philippines?

Answer 20

Eight (8) major dialects spoken by majority of the Filipinos: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicolano, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinense.

Question 21

It is a part of the family of Visayan languages and contains many Spanish loanwords. It is also known as Ilonggo because many of its speakers originate in the province of Iloilo.

Answer 21

hiligaynon

Question 22

An Austronesian language belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian subfamily, with outside influences from Malay and Chinese, and later from both Spanish and American English through four centuries of colonial rule.

Answer 22

filipino language

Question 23

The father of Filipino grammar and Tagalog language writer. He published the first grammar book of the national language Balarila ng Wikang Pambansa (Grammar of the National Language) which was commissioned by the Surian ng Wikang Pambansa (SWF).

Answer 23

Lope K. Santos

Question 24

This refers to the form of education which involves teaching academic content in two languages, either a native language or a second language.

Answer 24

Bilingual Education

Question 25

According to research, the implementation of BEP for this stage is crucial as it provides significant cognitive advantages, including improved executive function, enhanced problem-solving skills, greater cognitive flexibility, and better attention control.

Answer 25

early childhood or elementary

Question 26

This language policy aims to strengthen the use of English language as medium of instruction in the educational system.

Answer 26

Executive Order No. 210

Question 27

It is also known as the Bilingual Education Policy (BEP), established the use of Filipino and English as languages of instruction in the Philippines. The order was implemented by the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS).

Answer 27

1974 Bilingual Education Policy (BEP)

Question 28

What does Department Order No. 53-S 1987 talk about?

Answer 28

Department Order No. 53, s. 1987, in the Philippines, solidified the 1987 Policy on Bilingual Education, reinforcing the use of Filipino and English as media of instruction in schools. It aimed to develop competence in both languages, with Filipino used for subjects like social studies and English for subjects like science and mathematics, aligning with the 1987 constitutional mandate.

Question 29

It is an act granting priority to residents of the barangay, municipality or city where the school is located, in the appointment or assignment of classroom public school teachers.

Answer 29

Republic Act No. 8190

Question 30

CHED Memorandum Order (CMO) No. 59, s. 1996.

Answer 30

CHED Memorandum Order (CMO) No. 59, s. 1996, established the "New General Education Curriculum (GEC)" for higher education in the Philippines. It set the minimum requirements for the mandatory General Education Curriculum in tertiary courses, aiming to provide students with a well-rounded education and to foster their development as integral persons within both national and global communities. Essentially, it laid out the framework for the general education courses that all college students were required to take.

Question 31

This encourage the use of English as the primary medium of instruction in higher education in the Philippines. The memorandum also outlined the roles of key supervisory positions in supporting school-based management.

Answer 31

Executive Order No. 210

Question 32

Which order enjoined all departments/bureaus/offices/agencies/instrumentalities of the government to take such steps as are necessary for the purpose of using Filipino language in official transactions, communications and correspondence?

Answer 32

Executive Order No. 335, s. 1988

Question 33

When was former President Corazon C. Aquino signed the Executive Order No. 335 s. 1988?

Answer 33

August 25, 1988.

Question 34

What is one of the key focuses of Executive Order No. 335, s. 1988?

Answer 34

One of the key focuses of Executive Order No. 335, s. 1988 is to promote the use of the Filipino language in government operations, including official transactions, communications, and correspondence.

Question 35

How does Executive Order No. 335, s. 1988 aim to prepare students for nation-building?

Answer 35

Executive Order No. 335, s. 1988 aims to prepare students for nation-building by promoting the use of the Filipino language in government and official functions, reinforcing national identity and unity. By integrating Filipino into official communications, the policy encourages its broader use in education, fostering a deeper understanding of governance and civic responsibility among students. This helps develop a generation of citizens who are linguistically equipped to participate actively in national affairs and contribute to the country’s progress.

Question 36

In accordance to DepEd Memorandum No. 81, s. 2003, where shall English be used as the primary medium of instruction?

Answer 36

According to DepEd Memorandum No. 81, s. 2003, English shall be used as the primary medium of instruction in Science, Mathematics, and English subjects across all levels in the basic education system in the Philippines. This memorandum was issued to strengthen English proficiency among students while maintaining Filipino as a subject and as a medium for teaching other subjects like Araling Panlipunan (Social Studies).

Question 37

How did the language policy 1987-2003 impact teacher appointments, specifically for non-Tagalog speakers?

Answer 37

The language policy from 1987 to 2003, particularly under the 1987 Constitution and the Bilingual Education Policy, impacted teacher appointments by requiring proficiency in both Filipino and English, which posed challenges for non-Tagalog speakers. Since Filipino (which is largely based on Tagalog) was emphasized as a medium of instruction alongside English, teachers from non-Tagalog-speaking regions had to undergo additional training to meet language requirements. This sometimes led to disadvantages in hiring and promotions for educators who were not native Tagalog speakers, as they had to develop proficiency in a language that was not their mother tongue.

Question 38

How does Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) potentially benefit students’ learning outcomes?

Answer 38

Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) benefits students’ learning outcomes by enhancing comprehension, critical thinking, and overall academic performance through the use of their first language in early education. Learning in a familiar language helps students grasp concepts more easily, leading to better literacy skills, confidence, and engagement in the classroom. MTB-MLE also serves as a strong foundation for learning additional languages like Filipino and English, promoting better retention and smoother language transition as students progress in their education.