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Bacteriology Lab > (PRELIM) Long Quiz > Flashcards

(PRELIM) Long Quiz Flashcards

(82 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 4 primary tissue types

A
  1. Epithelium
  2. connective
  3. Muscle
  4. Nervous
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2
Q

It is formed from primary tissues, function as parts of organ systems

A

Organ

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3
Q

It is closed packed cells, minimal extracellular fluid, lacked of bood vessels and nerve endings

A

Epithelium

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4
Q

2 Types of epithelium

A

Simple and stratified

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5
Q

single layer cell

A

Simple epithelia

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6
Q

Flattened cells

A

Squamous

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7
Q

Equal in height and width

A

Cuboidal

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8
Q

greater in height and width

A

Columnar

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9
Q

Give example of squamous epthelia in simple epithelium

A

Inner linings of blood vessels and heart
Alveolar walls in the lungs
Renal glomeruli and tubules

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10
Q

Example of cuboidal epithelia in simple

A

Kidney tubules
Secretory celss of many glands

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11
Q

Example of columnar in simple

A

Inner lining of the:
- stomach
- intestines
- gall bladder

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12
Q

Two or more cell layers

A

Stratified epithelium

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13
Q

example of squamous in stratified

A

-keratinized and non-keratinized peitheliun of the skin
- lining of oral cavity and esophagus

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14
Q

Typically lines blood vessels and body cavities and regulates the passage of substances into the underlying tissue

A

Simple squamous

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15
Q

Typically found in granular ( secreting) tissue and kidney tubules. Its major function are absorption and secretion

A

Simple cuboidal

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16
Q

secretion, excretion, and absorption. theses cells are found in cornea, inner ear, and nose

A

Simple columnar

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17
Q

protection against microorganisms from invading underlying tissue or protection against water los

A

Stratified Squamous

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18
Q

the outer layer of skin (epdermis) is made of these tissues

A

Stratified Squamous

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19
Q

Usually less common and is found on the salivary glands. It is for protection, excretion, and secretion

A

Stratified cuboidal

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20
Q

Mainly for the protection of underlying tissues with multiple layers of epithelium cells. They also perform secretion

A

Stratified columnar

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21
Q

Single layer cell, Thin and flat

A

Simple squamous

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22
Q

single layer cell and has a cube shape

A

simple cuboidal

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23
Q

Single layer cell which s tall and slender with oval shaped nucleus

A

Simple columnar

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24
Q

flat cells that are layered or stacked on top of each other

A

Stratified squamous

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25
Consists of many layers of cells and cube shaped cells on the outer
stratified cuboidal
26
Column shaped cells arrange in multiple layers
stratified columnar
27
it maintains the structural integrity of the body; composed of cells and matrix
Connective tissue
28
It is the extracellular component, containing collagen and elastin fibers
Matrix
29
6 cells types
1. fibrobalsts 2. fibrocytes 3. lymphocytes 4. macrophages 5. Mast cells 6. adipocytes
30
it profuce fibers and matrix large, ireegularly shaped, abundant cytoplasm, ovoid nucleus
Fibroblasts
31
inactive form of fibroblasts, can revert to fibroblasts smaller and thinner than fibroblasts
Fibrocytes
32
small cells with large nuclei, they enter the conncetive tissue from the blood and accumulate in the tissue in pathologic conditions
Lymphocytes
33
Large, irregularly shaped cells, they enter from blood phagocytotic activity (scavengers) they migrate easily in the connective tissue
Macrophages
34
Large round cells, their cytoplasm is rich om large, bluish round granules which often obscure the nucleus; they enter form bood
Mast cells
35
a large, bluish round granules
Basophil granulocytes
36
They contain a large, single Lipid droplet; nucleus is oval compressed against the cell membrane
Adipocytes
37
They make ups most of the fibrous component, generally appear in bundles, they do not branch
Collagen fibers
38
They branch and thinner than collagen
Elastin fibers
39
The material in which connective tissue cells d fibers are embedded ( except in bones, viscous gel, occupies most on the tissue space
Ground substance
40
What is this type of collagen: makes ups of 90% of our body is collagen and is densely packed and used to provide structure to our skin bones and ligaments
Tyoe 1
41
What is this type of collagen: Provide joint support that can be found in elastic cartilage
Type 2
42
What is this type of collagen: can be found in muscles, arteries, and organs. all collagen fibrils have at least one triple helix structure
Type 3
43
What are the 3 types of muscles
Striated skeletal muscle Striated cardiac muscle Smooth muscle
44
Composed of muscle fibers surrounded by connective tissue. Fibers are collected into fascicles (bundles) Muscle fibers are multinucleated Nuclei are peripherally located under the cell membrane
Striated skeletal muscle
45
The fibers aee shorter than skeletal muscle fibers and branch join each other forming sheets rather than bundles. There is a specific junction between the muscle fibers called intercalated disks which have Nuclei that centrally located
Striated Cardiac Muscle
46
The fibers are fusiform, small but relatively long; each fiber has a single, centrally located nucleus ; fibers are arrange in concentric sheets and are tightly packed,
Smooth Muscle
47
vary in size and shape cell body - axon and dendrite
Nuerons
48
interstitial supporting cells in the nervous system significantly vary in size and shape
Glia
49
includes nerve cells: neuronal cell bodies and their dendrites and axons (both myelinated and unmyelinated)
Central nervous system
50
Supporting cells
Nuroglia
51
it contains nuerons organized into clusters called ___________
PNS ganglia
52
Meaning of PNS
Peripheral Nervous System
53
Supporting cells including satellites cells associated with the ganglionic nuerons and Schwann cel which form the Myelin sheath, conncetive tissue elements and blood vessels
PNS
54
what are the 3 connective tissue elements
Endonuerium Perinuerium Epineurium
55
What are the 3 types if Nuerons
Unipolar Bipolar Multipolar
56
They have one process extending from the cell body
Unipolar nuerons
57
They have two processes extending from the cell of the body
Bipolar nuerons
58
They have multiple processes extending from the cell body, typically one axon and multiple dendrites
Multipolar Nuerons
59
Are chemical messenger that transmit signal across synapses allowing communication between neurons and other cells
Neurotransmitter
60
Define neurotransmitter
Are chemical messenger that transmit signal across synapses allowing communication between nuerons and other cells
61
5 common neurotransmitter
1. Acetylcholine (ACH) 2. Dopamine 3. Serotonin 4. Glutamate 5. Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)
62
plays a role in muscle movement, memory and learning. Found at nueromuscualr jusctions and in the central nervous system
Acetylcholine (Ach)
63
- involved in motivation, reward and motto control. - influenced mood, attention, and pleasure, and it's dysregulation is associated with conditions like Parkinson's disease and addiction
Dopamine
64
- Contributes to mood regulation, sleep, apetite, and digestion - affects emotions, social behaviour, and cognition amd it's implicated in depression and anxiety disorders
Serotonin
65
- Primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain - involved in learning, memory and syna[tic plasticity - essential for normal brain function but can be nuerotoxic in excess contributing to condition like stroke and nuerodegenerative disease
Glutamate
66
- Primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain regulating neuronal excitability and reducing anxiety - it plays a crucial role maintaining balance between excitation and inhition in the nuerons systems
Gamma-amino butyric acid
67
7 types of tissue preparation
Fixation Dehydration Clearing Embedding Sectioning Mounting Staining
68
Preserve the tissue and there will be no alternative component
Fixation
69
Removal of water from tissue
Dehydration
70
Dehydrated agent needed
50-100% alcohol
71
To make the tissue transparent
Clearing
72
Ebedded in the paraffin wax or candle
Embedding
73
Trimming of the excess paraffin into a thin section using Microtome
Sectioning
74
Use in sectioning
Microtome 5-10 micrometer ul
75
Putting the paraffin into the slide using adhesive coated glass slide
Mounting
76
Using metachromatic stain
Staining
77
Basic dye color
Blue
78
Acid dye color
Pink
79
Use in acid dye color
Hematoxylin
80
Use of acid dye
Eosin
81
Alternative dye
Toluidine blue
82
It makes the tissue blue except polyanious (granules)
Toluidine dye

Bacteriology Lab (2 decks)

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