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2105 | Aviation Safety > Prelim - Module 1-3 > Flashcards

Prelim - Module 1-3 Flashcards

(96 cards)

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1
Q

It enables to identify hazards

A

Safety

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2
Q

ICAO acronym meaning

A

International Civil Aviation Organization

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3
Q

Objects or situations that could bring danger

A

Hazard

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4
Q

True or False:

The aviation industry is striving because it is the safest mode of transportation

A

TRUE

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5
Q

A state or condition in which the risk or harm to persons or property damaged is reduced to and maintained.

A

Safety

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6
Q

Possibility of harm and damage.

A

Risk

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7
Q

The level of acceptable risk

A

Reduced damage

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8
Q

True or False:

Failures will not occur if there are accomplished prevention efforts.

A

FALSE (failures will ALWAYS occur)

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9
Q

True or False:

Controlled risk and controlled error are acceptable in an inherently safe system.

A

TRUE

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10
Q

It is a condition, subject to change.

A

Safety

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11
Q

What year did the Ulu aircraft hijacking occur?

A

1978

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12
Q

What year did the Lockerbie Bombing occur?

A

1980

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13
Q

When did the Shoe Bomb attempt happen?

A

December 22, 2001

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14
Q

What year did the Box Cutter 9/11 occur?

A

2001

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15
Q

Evolution of Safety:

1950’s - danger is caused by unimproved technology

A

Technical Factors

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16
Q

Evolution of Safety:

What year are the Technical Factors?

A

1950

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17
Q

Evolution of Safety:

1970’s - danger is caused by quality management

A

Human Factors

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18
Q

Evolution of Safety:

What year are Human Factors?

A

1970

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19
Q

Evolution of Safety:

1990’s - organizations are involved when accidents happen.

A

Organizational Factors

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20
Q

Who stated that accidents are not caused by a single factor but a chain of events?

A

Professor James Reason

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21
Q

What did Professor James Reason state?

A

Accidents are caused by a chain of events.

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22
Q

Who proposed the Accident Causation?

A

Professor James Reason

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23
Q

Components or Organization:

Management decision and organizational process.

A

Organization

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24
Q

Components or Organization:

Working conditions

A

Workplace

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25
Components or Organization: | Errors and violations
People
26
Components or Organization: | Technology, training, and regulations
Defences
27
Components or Organization: | The outcome or the result of events
Accident
28
Components or Organization: | The latent conditions trajectory
1. Organization 2. Workplace 3. People 4. Defences
29
Layers of failure and layers of defences
Swiss Cheese Model
30
Who developed the Swiss Cheese Model?
Professor James Reason
31
What did Professor James Reason develop?
Swiss Cheese Model
32
Swiss Cheese Model: | Fails, flaws, and deficiencies
Holes
33
These are: - Poor design - Procedures - Poor ethical behaviors - Decisions
Latent Conditions
34
They have direct control, planning maker, and they allocate resources and funds
Organization
35
The process in which can contribute to stopping or preventing an accident
Organizational Process
36
A negative condition that is already present in the system
Latent Conditions
37
Organizational Process: | ____ latent conditions
Identify
38
Organizational Process: | ____ defences
Reinforce
39
Organizational Process: | ____ workplace conditions
Improve
40
Organizational Process: | ____ active failures
Contain
41
Actions or inactions which have an immediate adverse effect
Active Failure
42
Active failure is caused by ___ factor
Human
43
It consists of different parts to achieve your goal
Complex
44
A complex system that requires an assessment of the human contribution to safety
Aviation System
45
An understanding of how human performance may be affected by its multiple and interrelated components.
People, Context, and Safety
46
Complexity affects the ____
Human Force
47
Used to help visualize the interrelationships among various components and features of the aviation system
Shell Model
48
The interrelationship between human factors and the aviation environment.
Shell Model
49
Emphasize the individual and the human’s interfaces with the other components and features of the aviation system.
Shell Model
50
Shell Model: | These are the documents manuals
Software
51
Shell Model: Rules and Regulations Standard Operating Procedure
Software
52
Shell Model: | Training and checklists
Software
53
Shell Model: | The support system workplace that supports to make our work efficient and safe.
Software
54
Shell Model: | Tools and equipment
Hardware
55
Shell Model: | Any tangible
Hardware
56
Shell Model: | Physical elements
Hardware
57
True or False: | We can do trial and error in aviation
FALSE (we can't)
58
Shell Model: | If the ____ is not conducive, human factors will enter
Environment
59
Shell Model: | If the environment is not conducive, ____will enter
Human Factor
60
Shell Model: | It includes weather
Environment
61
Shell Model: | It is the organization's responsibility to provide this
Safe and reliable environment
62
Shell Model: | Human aspect of the system
Liveware
63
Shell Model: | Maintenance, operator, designers, technician, flight crews, engineers, management, administration
Liveware
64
Shell Model: | Maintenance, operator, designers, technician, flight crews, engineers, management, administration
Liveware
65
Shell Model: | It must be designed to assist the human to work properly
Liveware
66
Shell Model: | The software, hardware, and environment assists this
Liveware
67
Shell Model: | People to people relationship
Liveware (bottom)
68
True or False: | The causes and consequences of operational errors are linear in their magnitude
FALSE (not linear)
69
True or False: | To achieve the goal, we must do well to interconnect the components.
TRUE
70
A mismatch between the liveware to any of the factors can lead to ____
Accidents or sloppy performance
71
Considered as a key safety resource
Humans
72
Susceptible to making errors and breaking rules
Humans
73
An action or inaction that leads to deviations from organizational person's intentions or expectations
Error
74
Involuntary actions
Error
75
Categories of Errors
Slips and Lapses | Mistakes
76
Category of Error: | Do not go as planned
Slips and Lapses
77
Category of Error: | Memory failures
Slips and Lapses
78
Category of Error: | Decision making failure
Mistakes
79
It must be put into place to control or eliminate errors
Safety Strategies
80
Safety Strategy: | Provide direct intervention to reduce or eliminate the factors contributing to the error
Reduction Strategy
81
Safety Strategy: | Simulators and training
Reduction Strategy
82
Safety Strategy: | The intent is to capture the error before any adverse consequences of the error are felt
Capturing Strategy
83
Safety Strategy: | Checklist
Capturing Strategy
84
Safety Strategy: | Refer to the ability of a system to accept that an error will be made but without experiencing serious consequences.
Tolerance Strategy
85
Safety Strategy: | Even damage is present the aircraft will still work
Tolerance Strategy
86
Safety Strategy: | Redundancy or backup
Tolerance Strategy
87
Safety Strategy: | Structural Inspection
Tolerance Strategy
88
A deliberate act of willful misconduct or omission resulting in a deviation from established regulations, procedures, norms, or practice.
Violation
89
Voluntary actions
Violation
90
Voluntary actions
Violation
91
Categories of Violations
Situational and Routine
92
Category of Violation: - Time pressure - Workload - To force finish the work
Situational Violations
93
Category of Violation: | Norm in workplace
Routine Violations
94
Category of Violation: | No immediate negative effect happens
Routine Violations
95
Who was responsible for Ulu aircraft hijacking
Aarno Lamminparas
96
Who was responsible for Shoe bomb attempt
Richard Reid

2105 | Aviation Safety (3 decks)

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