prelims Flashcards
(57 cards)
1
Q
dead language, why?
A
latin language (meaning cannot be changed)
2
Q
- Member of the tribe of Judah. Later include any Hebrew who returned from Babylonian captivity, then those scattered around the world during 2nd Temple Period.
A
jew
3
Q
- A Greek word meaning dispersion. Refers to the Jews who are scattered around the world living outside Israel, their original homeland.
A
diaspora
4
Q
- Influence and adaptation of Greek thought, language, values, customs that began with the conquest of the Eastern Mediterranean world by Alexander the Great.
A
Hellenism
5
Q
- A system of city-states, which established an alternative political system of organization in Palestine. This system is borrowed by the Romans from the Greeks.
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Polis
6
Q
- A medium spread by the Romans that was eventually absorbed by Christianity as its official language, particularly in its writings and official Church documents.
A
Latin language
7
Q
- Religious tradition most commonly practiced by the Greeks and Romans that worships a variety of Gods or multiple Gods.
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Polytheism
8
Q
- Belief in one God, primarily by the Jewish people who believed only in YHWH. It is the core teaching to their religion. Runs into conflict with Polytheism by other culture.
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Monotheism
9
Q
- Named after its leader Judas Maccabeus. Revolt against the Syrian Greeks who sacked Israel and desecrated the Jewish temple by building the image of Zeus in it.
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Maccabean revolt
10
Q
- The Maccabean Dynasty that ruled the independent Jewish state that was established after the Jewish people redeemed their temple and independence.
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Hasmoneans
11
Q
- This group was either religious or political in nature. But scholars generally believe that they were supporters of the political ruler Herod the Great.
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Herodians
12
Q
- Appointed by Rome to govern Palestine. In command of the auxiliary military units. Had full power of criminal and civil jurisdiction. Responsible for handling taxes.
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Prefect a.k.a Procurator
13
Q
- The highest or supreme Jewish council and tribunal. Headed by a high priest and having religious, civil and criminal jurisdiction.
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Sanhedrin
14
Q
- Jewish freedom fighters who revolted against the Roman Empire by force arms. Romans called them ‘sicarii,’ meaning dagger. Also labelled as religious fanatics.
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Zealots
15
Q
- The local (Jewish) tax collectors hired by the Roman Empire whose loyalty is with Rome. This pressed the people to greater poverty. Also imposing forced census.
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Publicans
16
Q
- Provides assistance to the priests during worship in the Jewish temple. Also acts as temple tax collectors.
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Levites
17
Q
- A document recording the financial obligations which the husband undertakes towards his wife in respect of their marriage. This is imposed on him by law.
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Ketubah
18
Q
- From the ancient Greek kerugma in English means proclamation of faith or preaching. In the early Christianity it pertains to the proclamation of salvation through Christ.
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Kerygma
19
Q
- Greek words meaning the Kingdom of God. Found 92 times in the Bible. It’s coming is central to the teaching and healing ministry of Christ.
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Basilea Tou Theou
20
Q
- Pertains to the Christians who died for their faith. Enduring all the physical torments rather than denounce their faith. Considered as heroes of Christian faith.
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Martyrs
21
Q
- Those who unlike the martyrs decided to abandon or denounce their faith in order to spare their lives from persecution or death
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Apostates
22
Q
- From the Greek word evangelists which means “the one who announces the good news.” They began writing the life and message of Jesus Christ.
A
Evangelists
23
Q
- The title designated by Scholars to refer to Jesus the Kingdom of God himself through his works and words
A
Autobasiliea
24
Q
- Refers to the eight (8) blessings recounted by Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount in the Gospel of Matthew. Each promises salvation, not in this world but in the end.
A
Beatitudes
25
- Meaning ultimate or final destiny, for the Christians it is in Jesus Christ. This also refers to the end times when everything will be judged accordingly.
Eschaton, Eschatology
26
Definition of CHRISTOLOGY, - ETYMOLOGICALLY
Christos (Greek) means Messiah of Anointed One; Logos which means study.
27
Definition of CHRISTOLOGY, - NEW AMERICAN BIBLE
Christology means ordered process of reflection on the nature and meaning of Jesus Christ.
28
- Striking question asked to apostles by Jesus
Who really is Jesus?
29
- (Mark8:27-28 )“
Who do people say that I am? and they told him, John the Baptist; others say Elijah; and others one of the prophets.”
30
- (Mark 8:29)
It was in such incident that Peter inspired by the Holy Spirit, made the confession of Jesus as the Messiah: “You are the Christ.”
31
- But later in that scene (Mark 8:29), Peter was rebuked by Jesus for thinking the way the world understood a Messiah.
Misconception about the true meaning of MESSIAH
32
- For them Messiah is a political leader or savior. A person who must not suffer but a powerful one who can lead the Jews against the mighty Roman Empire that oppresses them.
Misconception about the true meaning of MESSIAH
33
- 1st approach to the study of Christology
- Greek prefix onto means “being” and logos meaning “study”
- Focuses on the being and nature of Jesus Christ as fully human and fully divine.
- Includes two aspects of his person: human and divine.
1. ONTOLOGICICAL Christology
34
- 2nd approach to the study of Christology
- It is the study of the work that Jesus Christ achieved in the plan of salvation
- Rather than focusing on who he was as a person.
- It primarily asks the question: “What is the role of Jesus in salvation? ”
2. FUNCTIONAL Christology
35
- 3rd approach to the study of Christology
- It investigates the facts and evidences of the historical human Jesus.
- It includes the words of Jesus (teachings) and the works he performed (miracles).
- It also inquires on the events that contributes to a holistic view of Jesus as a 1st century Palestinian Jew.
3. HISTORICAL Christology
36
- 4th approach to the study of Christology
- It approaches the study on Jesus Christ according to the official teachings of the Catholic Church.
- That includes the doctrines and dogmas of the Catholic Church that were promulgated.
- It also revisits past pronouncements and decrees by ecclesiastical authorities and ecumenical councils.
4. DOGMATIC Christology
37
- 5th approach to the study of Christology
- Has its starting point on the human experience of Jesus Christ that believers can relate with before introducing systematic Christological doctrines and teachings of the Church.
- The purpose is to guide its believers and prepare them to understand and appreciate his divine person. Also known as ASCENDING Christology.
Christology from below
38
- 6th approach to the study of Christology
- Begins its study on Jesus’ divinity as it is understood and preach by the Catholic Church.
- It examines doctrines and pronouncements about Jesus in order to guide and enlighten the faith- experiences of his followers. DESCENDING Christology is the other term for this approach.
Christology from above
39
- The given approaches differentiate the various areas of emphasis on Jesus Christ and yet, they show the need for _____ and ____ in order to have a balanced and holistic understanding of Jesus.
COMPLEMENTARITY; SUPPORT
40
Palestine in Jesus’ day was part of the _____ Empire, which controlled its various territories in a number of ways.
roman empire
41
In the East (eastern Asia Minor, Syria, Palestine, and Egypt), territories were governed either by kings who were “friends and allies” of Rome (often called “___” kings or, more disparagingly, “___” kings) or by governors supported by a Roman army.
client; puppet
42
When Jesus was born, all of Jewish Palestine—as well as some of the neighbouring Gentile areas—was ruled by Rome’s able “friend and ally” ____.
Herod the Great
43
For Rome, ___ was important not in itself but because it lay between _____, two of Rome’s most valuable possessions.
Palestine; Syria and Egypt
44
Rome had legions in Syria and Egypt but not in ______.
Palestine
45
_________ required that Palestine be loyal and peaceful so that it did not undermine Rome’s larger interests. That end was achieved for a long time by permitting Herod to remain king of___ (37–4 BCE) and allowing him a free hand in governing his kingdom, as long as the requirements of stability and loyalty were met.
Roman imperial policy; Judaea
46
When Herod died shortly after Jesus’ birth, his kingdom was divided into _____ parts
five
47
Most of the ____ areas were separated from the Jewish areas, which were split between two of Herod’s sons, Herod ___, who received Judaea and Idumaea (as well as Samaria, which was non-Jewish), and Herod_____, who received Galilee and Peraea. (In the New Testament, Antipas is somewhat confusingly called Herod, as in Luke 23:6–12; apparently the sons of Herod took his name, just as the successors of Julius Caesar were commonly called Caesar.)
Gentile; Archelaus; Antipas
48
Both sons were given lesser titles than king: Archelaus was_____, and Antipas was_____.
ethnarch; tetrarch
49
The non-Jewish areas (except Samaria) were assigned to a third son,______, to Herod’s sister_____, or to the province of Syria.
Philip; Salome
50
The emperor______ deposed the unsatisfactory Archelaus in 6 CE, however, and transformed Judaea, Idumaea, and Samaria from a client kingdom into an “_______.” Accordingly, he sent a prefect to govern this province.
Augustus; imperial province
51
That minor Roman aristocrat (later called a______) was supported by a small Roman army of approximately 3,000 men. The soldiers, however, came not from Italy but from nearby Gentile cities, especially____ and______; presumably, the officers were from Italy.
procurator; Caesarea & Sebaste
52
During Jesus’ public career, the Roman prefect was _____ (ruled 26–36 CE).
Pontius Pilate
53
Although nominally in charge of Judaea, Samaria, and Idumaea, the prefect did not govern his area directly. Instead, he relied on local leaders. The prefect and his small army lived in the predominantly Gentile city_____, on the Mediterranean coast, about___ days’ march from Jerusalem.
Pontius Pilate; Caesarea; two
54
They came to Jerusalem only to ensure peace during the____ festivals—____, Weeks (Shabuoth), and Booths (Sukkoth)—when large crowds and patriotic themes sometimes combined to spark unrest or uprisings. On a day-to-day basis Jerusalem was governed by the high priest.
pilgrimage; Passover
55
Assisted by a council, pontius had the difficult task of mediating between the remote Roman prefect and the local populace, which was hostile toward ____ and wanted to be free of foreign interference. His political responsibility was to maintain order and to see that _____.
pagans; tribute was paid
56
_____, the high priest during Jesus’ adulthood, held the office from about 18 to 36 CE, longer than anyone else during the Roman period, indicating that he was a successful and reliable diplomat. Since he and Pilate were in power together for 10 years, they must have collaborated successfully.
Caiaphas
57
Thus, at the time of Jesus’ public career, Galilee was governed by the tetrarch____, who was sovereign within his own domain, provided that he remained loyal to Rome and maintained peace and stability within his borders.____ (including Jerusalem) was nominally governed by Pilate, but the actual daily rule of____ was in the hands of Caiaphas and his council.
Antipas; Judaea; Jerusalem
