Prelims Flashcards
(171 cards)
1
Q
What are the boundaries of Oral cavity
A
Superior, inferior, antero-lateral and posteriorly
2
Q
What are in the superior boundaries
A
Hard and soft palate
3
Q
What are in inferior boundaries
A
Tongue and floor of the mouth
4
Q
What are in antero-lateral boundaries
A
Upper and lower teeth
5
Q
What are in posteriorly boundaries
A
Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds
6
Q
Attached the lips to the attached gingiva of the anterior teeth
A
Labial frenum
7
Q
Attaches the cheek to the attached gingiva of the posterior teeth
A
Buccal frenum
8
Q
Location to inject anesthesia
A
Muccobuccal fold
9
Q
Gingiva and alveolar mucosa meet
A
Muccogingival junction
10
Q
Divisions of the palate
A
Hard and soft palate
11
Q
Consist of oalatine process and horizontal plate of bone
A
Hard palate
12
Q
No bone beneath the surface
A
Soft palate
13
Q
It is formed by the mylohyoid muscle
A
Floor of the mouth
14
Q
It is a valley shaped space between the tongue and teeth
A
Sublingual sulcus
15
Q
Also called sublingualis
A
Sublingual folds
16
Q
Strip of tissue which connects the undersurface of the tongue with the floor of the mouth
A
Lingual frenum
17
Q
Slight fold of mucous membrane on each side of the tongue lateral to the lingual frenum
A
Plica fimbriata
18
Q
Pair of the papillae at the center between the right and left sublingual folds
A
Sublingual caruncle
19
Q
What are the para oral tissues
A
Cheek, palate, lips, tongue, teeth, tonsils, sublingual sulcus and salivary gland
20
Q
The act of swallowing
A
Deglutition
21
Q
3 phases of deglutition
A
Buccal phase, pharyngeal phase, and esophageal phase
22
Q
Physical digestion of food involves mastication and lubrication
A
Digestion
23
Q
Dorsum of the tongue possess lingual papillae on various forms
A
Taste
24
Q
What functions where lips, teeth, tongue and hard and soft palage poay a role in pronunciation of consonants
A
Speech
25
What function where Tonsillar ring includes the phagocytic activity of macrophages against harmful bacteria and foreign bodies
Protection
26
Engulfing or taking in of foods
Ingestion
27
Oral cavity is an adjunct to the respiratory system
Respiration
28
Process of biting, cutting, crushing and grinding of foods
Mastication
29
Small rounded nodule of tissue in the center of the lowest part of the upper lip
Labial tubercle
30
Depression running from the tubercle to the nostrils
Philtrum
31
Groove running diagonally downward of the nostrils toward the corner of lip
Nasolabial groove
32
Corner of the mouth
Labial commisure
33
White line running posteriorly on each side at the level where the upper and lower teeth come together
Linea alba buccalis
34
Round elevation of tissue between 1st and 2nd upper molars
Parotid papilla
35
Seperates the buccinator muscles from the ramus of the mandible and messeter muscles
Buccal pad of fat
36
Yellow spots seen on the buccal mucosa
Fordyce spots
37
Rest in the floor of the mouth within the curvature of the body of the mandible
Tongue
38
No taste buds
Most numerous papilla
2/3 of dorsum of the tongue
Filiform papillae
39
Mushroom shaped
Loosely scattered
Appears red
Fungiform papilla
40
What taste perceives by fungiform laterally and in tip
Laterally saltiness and tip is sweetness
41
A leaf shaped
Posterior 1/3 of tongue
Foliate papilla
42
What taste perceives the foliate papilla
Sour taste
43
Largest papillae
8-10 at the anterior edge of sulcus terminalis
Circumvallate papilla
44
Tast that perceives circumvallate
Bitter taste
45
What are the 2 groups of salivary gland
Major salivary glands
Minor salivary glands
46
Largest salivary gland, purely serous
Parotid gland
47
Secretions of parotid gland thru what duct
Stensens duct
48
Lies in submandibular fossa, secretion thru whartons duct
Submandibular gland
49
Smallest among the major salivary glands
Sublingual gland
50
Largest duct of the sublingual gland
Bartholins duct
51
Salivary glands situated between the mucous mebrane and orbicularis oris
Labial gland
52
Continuation of labial gland on posterior part of cheek what gland?
Small buccal gland
53
They are pure mucous gland
Palatine gland
54
Also called apical gland
Anterior lingual glands
55
Usually 10-24 in each taste bud
Rich in heterochromatin
Type l taste cells or dark cells
56
Supporting cells
Lights cells
Low in heterochromatin
Type ll or sustentacular cells
57
Least numerous
Surrounded by type cells
Also appear dark
Type lll or intermediate cells
58
Perpendicular to the basal lamina
Believed to be the stem cells what type of taste bud?
Type IV or basal cells
59
Surrounds the neck of the teeth and covers the alveolar process of jaws
Gingiva
60
Connective tissue that surrounds the root of the tooth
Periodontal ligament
61
Part of the mandible and maxilla which forms the sockets
Alveolar bone
62
What are the 4 types of consonants
Labial consonants
Dental consonants
Palatal consonants
Gluttural consonants
63
What is 5th taste sensation
Umami
64
Small circular opening immediately posterior to the circumvallate papillae
Foramen cecum
65
Shallow groove running laterally and on either side of the foramen cecum
Terminal sulcus
66
Near the base of the circumvallate papilla
Glands of von ebner
67
Masses of lymphoid tissue between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches side of fauces
Palatine tonsils
68
Mass of lymphoid tissue on posterior wall of nasopharynx
Pharyngeal tonsil
69
Located deeply along the base or root of the tongue
Lingual tonsils
70
For cutting off bits of food
Incisors
71
For tearing of food
Cuspids
72
For tearing and grinding food
Premolars or bicuspids
73
For crushing mashing and grinding of foods
Molars
74
1 set of dentition
Monohyodont dentition
75
2 sets of dentition
Diphyodont dentition
76
Many dentition
Polyhyodont dentition
77
Teeth only possess one shape
Homodont
78
Teeth possess multiple shapes
Heterodont
79
Part of the tooth that has an enamel surface
Anatomical crown
80
Part of the tooth that has a cementum surface
Anatomical root
81
Part of the tooth that is exposed to the oral cavity
Clinical crown
82
Not exposed to the oral cavity embedded in the jaw covered by periodonteum
Clinical root
83
Line at the cervical border of anatomical crown where enamel and cementum meet
Cervical line
84
Opening or hole where blood vessels pass through
Apical foramen
85
Protective covering of the crown dentin
Enamel
86
Enamel Percentage of inorganic subtance and organic what kind of inorganic
96-98% inorganic (hydroxyapatite)
4% organic
87
Main bulk of the tooth and gives form and shape to the tooth
Dentin
88
Percentage of dentin inorganic and organic
65-70% inorganic
35-30% organic
89
Calcified mesodermal tissue forming the external covering of the anatomical roots of the teeth
Cementum
90
Percentage of cementum inorganic and organic
45-50% inorganic
50-55% organic
91
Connective tissue that occupies the center of the tooth contains blood vessels nerves and cells
Dental pulp
92
3 stages of human development
Period of the ovum or proliferative period
Period of the embyro or embryonic period
Period of the fetus or fetal period
93
2 weeks of fertilization
Implantation of blastocyst
Period of the ovum
94
Weeks of period of the embryo
3-8 weeks
95
Developing of tissue organizing to form organ systems and heart begins to form and beat
Period of the embryo
96
8 weeks to birth
Takes more human appearance
Period of the fetus
97
What you call the female gametocyte
Oocyte
98
A male gametocyte
Spermatozoa
99
Fertilization occurs
Fallopian tube
100
The sperm undergoes in 2 process what is that
Capacitation process and acrosomal reaction
101
Glycoprotein coat and seminal are removed from the spermatozoan head
Capacitation process
102
Hyaluronidase and acrosin are released to penetrate the oocyte barriers
Acrosomal reaction
103
Caplike structure at the anterior end of a spermatozoon that produces enzymes aiding the egg penetration
Acrosome
104
Parts of the egg cell
Corona radiata
Zona pellucida
Oocyte cell membrane
105
Any of cells formed by cleavage of a fertilized egg
Blastomere
106
Spherical embyronic mass of blastomeres
1 cell = 1 blastomere
Morula
107
Enclosing an inner mass of cells of a fluid filled cavity
Blastocyst
108
What lining of uterus implanted
Endometrium
109
What you call inner mass of cells of fluid filled cavity
Blastocoel
110
What particularly part of fallopian tube fertilization occurs
Ampulla
111
Extraembryonic tissues
Trophoblast
112
What Cavity lined with ectoderm develops
Amniotic cavity
113
Forms the roof of the yolk sac
Endoderm
114
What produces hCG
Synctiotrophoblast
115
Meaning of hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin
116
Shared identical DNA
Identical twins
117
Dont come from same DNA seperated placenta
Fraternal twins
118
Slight enlargement of ectodermal and endodermal cells at cranial end
Prochordal plate
119
•Localized thickening of epiblast at the caudal end of embryonic disc
• has narrow primitive groove
Primitive streak
120
What produces from the primitive streak organize into 3rd germ layer
Mesenchymal cells
121
Sensory epithelium of the ear nose eye
Ectoderm
122
Epithelium lining of the respiratory tract urinary bladder and urethra
Endoderm
123
What is the function of notochord
Patterning and structural
124
Major event that begins at the end of 3rd week
Neurolation
125
In neurolation, what neural are form
Neural plate
Neural tube
126
Thickening of the embryonic ectoderm
Induced to form developing notochord
Neural plate
127
Longitudinal neural groove develops in neural plate flanked by neural folds
Neural tube
128
Neuroectodermal cells at lateral margins of neural plate migrate dorsolaterally to form what?
Neural crest
129
Differentiates to form most of connective tissue of the head
Neural crest cells
130
Failure of migration of neural crest cells may lead to?
Treacher collins syndrome
131
Masses of mesoderm that lie on either side of neural tube
Somites
132
What are the brain vesicles
Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain
133
Other term for forebrain
Prosencephalon
134
Other term for midbrain
Mesencephalon
135
Other term for hindbrain
Rhombocephalon
136
What week folding of embryo
4th week
137
Head folds leads to formation of what?
Stomodeum
138
Face starts to develop during what week?
3rd week
139
Large bulge which consists of ectoderm and mesenchymes located above the stomodeum
Frontal process
140
Grows upward and medially and approaches the lateral and medial nasal processes
Maxillary process
141
Will give rise to the mandible
Mandibular porcess
142
How many days Localized thickenings develop within the ectodorn of the frontal process
28 days
143
Production of a horseshoe-shape ridge
Nasal placodes
144
Open end of the slit in contact with the oral cavity
Nasal pits
145
Region where nose develop
With presence of nasal pits it becomes what?
Frontonasal process
146
Lateral arm of horseshoe
Lateral nasal process
147
Medial arm of the horseshoe
Medial nasal process
148
Eyes become prominent on the sides of the head and mandibular arch loses midline contriction, in what prenatal week is it?
5th prenatal week
149
External opening of the nasal sac
Anterior nares
150
Epithelial thickening into the mesoderm
Vestibular lamina
151
Forms the roof of the mouth which separates the oral and nasal cavities
Palate
152
Straightened to a horizontak position and usually completed by the 12th week in utero
Palatine process
153
Agents causing congenital defects
Teratogens
154
A result of non-fusion of 2 palatine processes and inferior borders of the nasal septum
Cleft palate
155
Cleft affecting the hard palate
Uranoschisis
156
Cleft affecting only the soft palate
Staphylochisis
157
Abnormally small jaw or retardation in the development of the upper or lower jaw
Micronagthia
158
Abnormally large jaw
Macronagthia
159
Congenital absence of either upper or lower jaw
Agnathia
160
Abnormally big opening
Macrostomia
161
Abnormally small opening of lip abnormalities
Microstomia
162
Abnormally small tongue
Microglossia
163
Abnormally large tongue
Macroglossia
164
Absence of tongue
Aglossia
165
Tongue tied
Ankyglossis
166
Tongue has failed fusion making it looked cut in half
Bifid tongue
167
Absence of filiform papillae
Median rhomboid glossitis
168
One half of the face is smaller than the other half
Hemifacial microsomia
169
Failure of neural crest cell migration
Treachers collins syndrome
170
What you call Tooth development
Odontogenesis
171
Beginning of tooth germ of a primary tooth
Tooth bud
